技术创新对企业集团能量效率的影响与对策

引用动物捕食的最优方法的进化论观点研究了技术创新对企业集团能量效率的影响 ,提出了相应的对策 .首先 ,描述了一类企业集团的能量效率的基本模型 ,给出了一个关于技术与市场需求关系的假设 .接着 ,研究了技术创新对横向型企业集团能量效率的影响 ,在建立起模型之后 ,证明了提高核心企业的能量效率的充分性定理 ,为核心企业提供了对策方法 .然后 ,研究了核心企业是下游企业的纵向型企业集团 ,建立了模型 ,并获得了类似的结论 .最后 ,举例说明了核心企业应该怎样根据能量效率进行决策的思想 .总之 ,把一个企业集团的成长看成一群动物的进化 ,并且试图将进化论的思想应用到经济研究中     

合作技术创新对技术联盟能量效率的影响

通过建立描述技术联盟能量效率的基本模型,研究了合作技术创新对技术联盟能量效率的影响,提出了技术联盟能量效率提高的充分条件,最后得出2条结论①纵向技术联盟比横向技术联盟稳定;②技术联盟比企业集团更有利于技术创新.     

模糊层次分析法在目标企业选择中的运用

国有企业的深化改革必须与存量资产重组、经济结构调整相结合,如何提高企业并购效率,促使企业通过企业并购提高经济效益是一个值得研究的课题。本文利用模糊层次综合评价法建立了目标企业量化分析评价模型,并给出了具体案例。     

组建横向型企业集团抉择的博弈分析

建立了一个博弈模型,研究横向型企业集团的形成抉择. 在模型中,有三家企业,其中两家生 产同质产品,另一家生产相关产品. 博弈分为两个时期,在第1 时期,生产同质产品的两企业采取战 略:组建集团或不组建集团,在第2 时期,三家企业进行Cournot2Nash 竞争. 文章给出了没有集团形 成时Cournot2Nash 均衡结果,并且研究了替代系数对最优产量的影响;给出了形成集团时Cournot2 Nash 均衡结果;研究了形成横向型企业集团的抉择,并且给出了数字化分析     

企业集团内部团队生产的最优激励机制研究

本文提供了企业集团内部团队生产的多代理人模型,从激励的角度分析了模型的解及其特征,重点讨论了帮助努力对设计最优激励契约的影响;在此基础上,获得了团队工作是最优的充分条件;最后,就所有权因子的激励与扭曲效应进行了阐述,指出正是这一扭曲效应导致了集团内部团队生产低效的可能性.     

交通BOT项目特许经营权竞标机制设计

本文从项目拍卖者的角度,对交通BOT项目进行特许经营权机制设计,设计了一套科学合理的竞标机制来提高项目拍卖者对特许经营权的配置效率。我们运用激励机制设计思想建立了竞标机制模型,在保证竞标企业参与投标和真实显示自己的经营能力的条件下最大化期望社会福利,通过求解此模型得到了最优的竞标机制;鉴于最优机制在形式上的复杂性,我们给出了得分规则拍卖和供应契约拍卖两种最优拍卖方式。     

基于可控提前期的两供应商-单制造商协同模型

本文建立了一个基于BOM表关系的两供应商-单制造商供应链模型,在需求服从正态分布和给定服务水平约束条件下,决策制造商分别向两供应商的订货提前期和订货批量,使得供应链成本最优.文章通过模型分析得出所建立的模型是一个凸规划问题,存在唯一的最优解,并且给出了模型的求解算法,最后通过一个算例说明了模型和算法的有效性.     

企业集团的利益分配研究

运用产权经济学和契约经济学的基本理论和分析方法,建立了企业集团的收益分配模型,对比了股权式收益分配和契约式收益分配对集团成员企业激励的影响;分析了结果产生的原因,并对企业集团的收益分配方式和我国企业集团的建设模式给出了建议.     

模糊需求下n级供应链的收益共享契约机制研究

在模糊需求环境下,研究n级供应链系统的收益共享契约机制。将市场需求视为模糊变量,通过模糊截集理论建立了模糊需求下n级供应链的分散决策模型、集中决策模型以及收益共享契约机制模型,并给出了各模型中的最优策略。研究结果表明:零售商的产品最优订购量处于模糊需求中心点的左侧还是右侧,取决于产品零售价格和单位产品成本,并且随着零售价格的增加而提高;单位产品批发价格并不随着零售价格的变化而改变;供应链各成员的最优模糊期望利润随着零售价格的增加而增加。最后通过数值算例对模型进行了分析。     

企业集团的投资安排

讨论了企业集团内的投资安排问题 ,针对一个成员企业申请投资的情况 ,分别建立了静态博弈模型和动态博弈模型 ,深入分析了模型结果 ,并给出了企业集团投资安排的建议 ;针对多个企业申请投资的情况 ,设计了诱导机制 ,并证明了它在优化集团投资安排上的有效性     

When are acquisitions a viable catch-up strategy? Some empirical evidence from China

How emerging-market firms can catch up with forerunners from advanced economies is a key issue in the economic and technology literature. Research has suggested that acquisitions are a viable tool for firms in emerging markets to reduce the productivity gap with global leaders, but the empirical evidence on this matter is still far from conclusive. Contributing to this debate, this paper examines the impact of cross-border vs. domestic acquisitions on the labor productivity of firms across different sectoral environments. Studying the acquisitions pursued by Chinese listed firms over one decade, we find that cross-border acquisitions are positively associated with firms' labor productivity and that this effect is particularly strong in high-tech sectors and among leading firms. We also find that domestic acquisitions are positively associated with firms’ labor productivity and that this effect is particularly strong in low-tech sectors and among laggards. We further investigate the mechanisms underlying the acquisition–productivity link and contend that “technological innovation” is the primary mechanism by which acquisitions enhance firm productivity in high-tech sectors, whereas “enhancing operating efficiency” is the primary mechanism by which acquisitions enhance firm productivity in low-tech sectors.     

具有网络外部性特征的企业兼并模式选择

在上游垄断、下游双寡头竞争和上下游均为双寡头竞争的两种市场结构下,基于网络外部性建立了标的企业兼并模式选择模型,分析了被兼并的标的企业以横向兼并和纵向兼并为选择的对策均衡.结论表明,在上游垄断、下游双寡头竞争的市场结构下标的企业兼并模式的选择不受网络外部性的影响,而在上下游均为双寡头竞争的市场结构下网络外部性的强度会影响到标的企业兼并模式的选择.最后,在福利分析的基础上也表明了政府与标的企业在兼并模式选择上存在着直接的利益冲突.     

不确定环境下新技术投资策略模型研究

探讨企业关于可升级换代新技术的投资策略选择问题,建立了基于实物期权方法的投资分析模型,模型有完备的解析解.阐述分析了企业可选择的五种基本投资策略,这些策略充分考虑了隐含的期权价值,可为企业管理者提供有益的决策参考和实践指导.     

Directors’ human capital,firm strategy,and firm performance

Ideally, corporations are directed by boards whose directors provide valuable human capital that match the firms’ strategy. We investigate how directors’ human capital (international experience, industrial know-how, CEO experience, and financial know-how) affects firm performance including the firm’s strategy (diversification and internationalization) and how human capital is related to acquisition strategies (non-diversifying and international acquisitions). Our sample consists of 560 firm-year observations in Switzerland. We find empirical evidence that directors’ human capital affects firm performance and that this relationship depends on the firm’s strategy. Furthermore, human capital is also correlated with acquisition strategy. The study shows that focusing on board independence and compliance issues may be unrewarding in board research and practice.     

Die steuerliche Berücksichtigung von Refinanzierungsaufwendungen beim internationalen Unternehmenskauf

The possibility to deduct interest expenses resulting from financing international mergers & acquisitions for tax purposes affects the attractiveness of international mergers & acquisitions. Multinationals can use tax planning in order to achieve a tax favored deduction of such interest expenses. On the one hand multinationals can achieve a tax effective deduction of such interest expenses in the country of residency of the target firm using an acquisition vehicle in combination with group taxation or a merger. On the other hand multinationals can try to deduct such interest expenses in the subsidiary within the multinational group being subject to the highest tax rate. The deduction of interest expenses resulting from international mergers & acquisitions should not violate the economic principle of neutral taxation. Following this principle, the deduction of such interest expenses should be granted at exactly the tax rate, at which the profits of the acquired firm are subject to taxation.     

针对不同类型销售商的长期激励合同设计研究

在制造商雇用销售商销售产品的过程中,双方之间常常存在关于销售商销售能力和销售努力的不对称信息,制造商需要通过设定合同来激励销售商付出实现制造商利润最大化的销售努力。本文建立了信息不对称情况下,制造商在两周期的长期合同设计并同时制定产品价格的模型。虽然不对称信息存在时,制造商在单周期的最优合同策略是分离策略,而本文的两周期模型结果表明,长期合同中第一个周期的最优合同策略并不一定是分离策略,有可能是混同策略,这与第二周期的折现因子有关。而两周期产品价格也与单周期不同,其大于单周期采取混同策略时的价格,小于单周期采取分离策略时的价格。     

Open Source Development with a Commercial Complementary Product or Service

We examine optimal control decisions regarding pricing, network size, and hiring strategy in the context of open source software development. Opening the source code to a software product often implies that consumers would not pay for the software product itself. However, revenues may be generated from complementary products. A software firm may be willing to open the source code to its software if it stands to build a network for its complementary products. The rapid network growth is doubly crucial in open source development, in which the users of the firm's products are also contributors of code that translates to future quality improvements. To determine whether or not to open the source, a software firm must jointly optimize prices for its various products while simultaneously managing its product quality, network size, and employment strategy. Whether or not potential gains in product quality, network size, and labor savings are sufficient to justify opening the source code depends on product and demand characteristics of both the software and the complementary product, as well as on the cost and productivity of in‐house developers relative to open source contributors. This paper investigates these crucial elements to allow firms to reach the optimal decision in choosing between the open and closed source models.     

Service diversification and growth of professional service firms

This study investigates the impact of service diversification on the rate and mode of firm growth in professional service firms (PSFs). Drawing on the extant PSF literature, we identify differing views regarding the growth impact of service diversification. Specifically, some scholars suggest that the external client benefits associated with service diversification should allow PSFs to expand revenues at a rapid pace and pursue less merger and acquisition activity, whereas others imply that increased diversification can cause internal challenges with respect to learning costs, coordination and innovation that can limit the rate of revenue growth and encourage more mergers and acquisitions. We test these competing views using longitudinal data on 137 accounting firms and cross-sectional data on 125 law firms and find that service diversification is negatively associated with the rate of firm revenue growth and positively associated with the use of mergers and acquisitions.     

The Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on People at Work: Existing Research and Issues

Despite the attention mergers and acquisition have received from financial and marketing strategists, the merger failure rate remains as high as ever. In light of the current wave of merger activity, it would seem an appropriate time to consider alternative explanations of merger failure, and assess the contribution which psychology can make to our understanding of mergers and acquisitions in addressing the essence of the activity; the positive combination of people and the fusion of organizational cultures.     

A financial survey of mergers during the years 1968–70

This paper is concerned with the financial objectives of mergers and acquisitions and the way in which considerations in the merger transaction, such as the price paid and the method of payment used, may affect such objectives subsequent to the merger. The analysis is based on a sample of 65 mergers during the years 1968–70 inclusive [2].