变革型领导对员工反馈寻求行为的影响研究北大核心

反馈寻求行为对员工与组织均有着不可忽视的积极影响,但过度的反馈寻求行为也可能起到适得其反的作用,因此如何将其控制在一个合理区间之内便成为待解决的问题.本研究基于目标设置理论与角色清晰度理论,通过443份有效样本,探究变革型领导对员工反馈寻求行为的影响.研究结果表明,变革型领导对员工向上级反馈寻求行为与向同事反馈寻求行为的影响存在差异,前者为倒U型关系,后者为正向关系.员工目标承诺在变革型领导与员工反馈寻求行为之间起部分中介作用.目标清晰度正向调节变革型领导与员工目标承诺之间的关系,过程清晰度则负向调节员工目标承诺与员工反馈寻求行为之间的关系.本研究有助于为员工反馈寻求行为的管理提供有效指导.     

真诚型领导行为对团队创造力的影响

 近年来,激烈的市场竞争对组织的创新能力提出了更高的要求。除个人创造力以外,如何提高组织中的团队创造力越来越受到学者和管理者的共同关注。        从团队层面检验真诚型领导行为对创造力的积极影响,并对与团队创造力紧密相关的反馈寻求氛围、团队中的地位冲突水平、任务依存性等影响因素进行综合分析和检验;利用问卷调查方式,收集中国东北地区8家企业、84个团队、两个时间点的数据,进行回归分析。        研究结果表明,真诚型领导行为对团队创造力有显著的积极影响;反馈寻求氛围对真诚型领导行为与团队创造力之间的积极关系起中介作用;团队中的地位冲突会削弱真诚型领导行为与反馈寻求氛围之间的正向关系,即当团队中的地位冲突水平较低时真诚型领导行为对反馈寻求氛围的积极影响更大,当团队中的地位冲突水平较高时这种积极影响会被削弱;任务依存性对反馈寻求氛围与团队创造力之间积极关系的调节作用没有得到数据支持。        研究结果验证了真诚型领导行为对团队创造力的作用机制和积极效果,引入反馈寻求氛围的概念解释真诚型领导行为风格对团队创造力的作用机制,在分析真诚型领导行为与反馈寻求氛围之间起到调节作用时运用地位冲突这个较新的概念,为未来的相关研究奠定了基础,对组织管理实践有一定的启示作用。     

前摄性行为视角下的员工创新——前摄型人格、反馈寻求与员工创新绩效

随着外部环境日渐复杂,新一代员工自我意识觉醒,信息化工作模式扩展,企业传统管理机制对员工绩效的影响越发有限。利用员工自我管理机制以及前摄性行为提升其自身创新绩效的管理路径有望成为持续增强企业创新实力的新方法。研究以国有科技型组织中的知识员工为样本,以主动反馈寻求行为为中介,探索前摄型人格对员工创新绩效的影响机制。研究结果表明,员工前摄型人格对其创新绩效具有正向影响;反馈寻求行为(询问与监测)完全中介前摄型人格对创新绩效的影响;主管对创新的支持正向调节直接反馈寻求行为——询问与创新绩效的关系,具有创新性同事的存在正向调节间接反馈寻求行为——监测与创新绩效的关系。     

多层次导向的真实型领导对员工与团队创新的影响机制研究

"德才兼备"是中国评价领导者的重要内容,学者多关注团队领导者的"才"对创新的影响,鲜有研究探讨领导者的"德"与创新的关系。真实型领导与德才兼备中的"德"有着较好契合,本研究以113个研发团队的领导者及其574名员工为被试,运用多层次研究方法,探究真实型领导对创新的作用及机制。结果表明,个体导向的真实型领导透过上级支持对员工创新结果具有显著促进作用;团队导向的真实型领导透过团队协力对员工个体创新行为和团队整体的创新均有显著促进作用。本文提供了在中国情境下真实型领导对创新的多层次影响机制。     

效忠主管与员工工作绩效的关系:反馈寻求行为和权力距离的影响

效忠主管一直是华人组织经久不衰的议题,尽管已有文献认为员工效忠主管有助于提升其工作绩效,然而关于效忠主管通过怎样的具体机制来影响员工工作绩效却并未得到系统的阐释。本文以14家企业的360名员工为样本,探讨了效忠主管对工作绩效的影响机制,尤其是研究员工反馈寻求行为在其中的中介作用及员工权力距离的调节作用。分析结果表明,效忠主管对员工工作绩效、反馈寻求行为都有显著的正向影响;反馈寻求行为在效忠主管与工作绩效关系中起完全中介作用。另外,员工的权力距离负向调节了效忠主管与反馈寻求行为的正相关关系,即员工的权力距离越低,两者的正向相关关系越强。     

关系视角的经理人反馈寻求行为:心理预期和政治技能的影响

经理人的反馈寻求行为是影响组织有效运营的关键因素之一,而已有文献还未能深入探讨在中国情境中如何有效地激发经理人主动寻求反馈这一课题.通过问卷调查广东家族企业高层领导及其下属经理人的配对样本,本文探讨了极具中国情境特质的关系元素对经理人反馈寻求行为的影响机制.研究表明,上下级关系对经理人反馈寻求行为具有显著的正向影响;绩效提升预期与印象管理预期在两者间起部分中介作用;政治技能在上下级关系与反馈寻求行为之间起正向的调节作用,即经理人的政治技能越强,上下级关系对反馈寻求行为的正向影响越强.     

授权型领导对员工服务导向行为的影响:差序氛围的调节作用

理论界指出,授权型领导是一种能动的领导类型,对组织和员工等层面都有积极作用。对泉州、厦门、上海三地高星级酒店调研结果表明:授权型领导对员工心理所有权具有显著的正向影响,员工心理所有权对其服务导向行为具有正向的影响作用,员工心理所有权在授权型领导与员工服务导向行为之间起到部分中介作用。员工的心理所有权是授权型领导影响员工服务导向行为的重要内部机制,组织内部的差序氛围在授权型领导与员工心理所有权中的调节效应不显著。     

团队成员交换、社会因素策略与新员工社会化

团队工作方式在组织中日益普遍,团队成员成为影响新员工社会化的重要因素。探讨团队成员交换对新员工社会化结果的影响及其作用机制,尤其是社会因素策略这一组织社会化策略在其中的中介作用,选取201个入职时间在一年半以内的销售人员为调查样本,运用结构方程模型路径分析方法对研究模型进行检验。研究结果表明,团队成员交换对新员工社会化结果产生显著影响;新员工感知的社会因素策略在团队成员交换与任务掌握、角色清晰、工作满意度之间起部分中介作用,在团队成员交换与离职倾向之间起完全中介作用。这表明高质量的团队成员交换关系可以促进新员工感知更多来自组织的正向社会支持以及组织内部人的角色模范作用,最终帮助他们成功社会化。     

基于企业社会责任导向的环境变革型领导对环境组织公民行为的影响机制研究北大核心CSSCI

以企业社会责任为导向,依据计划行为理论,探究环境变革型领导对环境组织公民行为的影响机制。根据收集的319份有效问卷调查结果显示:环境变革型领导对员工环境组织公民行为具有正向显著影响;环境利他关注在环境变革型领导与环境组织公民行为间起中介作用;组织支持感在环境变革型领导与环境利他关注之间具有正向调节作用,且表现为有调节的中介作用。     

领导排斥对员工创新绩效的影响：反馈寻求行为和神经质的作用

作为职场冷暴力的一种,领导排斥普遍存在于各类组织中,造成的负面影响十分显著。研究运用领导—成员交换理论和社会学习理论,采用分层回归法探究领导排斥对员工创新绩效的影响,并考察反馈寻求行为的中介效应和神经质的调节效应。369份两阶段追踪问卷数据表明:领导排斥显著负向预测员工创新绩效,员工反馈寻求行为在领导排斥与员工创新绩效之间起中介作用,神经质负向调节领导排斥与反馈寻求行为之间的关系,也负向调节反馈寻求行为在领导排斥与员工创新绩效关系间的中介作用。基于此,应加强对领导的监督管理与组织的文化建设,建立规范化员工反馈机制,并对高神经质员工及时进行心理辅导,进一步提高员工创新绩效。     

Power,authority and legitimacy

Management, human resources, organization, control, leadership, etc., all seem to be just so many euphemisms for power, and this suggests a discourse of management and organization that calls things by their proper name. This paper on the contrary stresses the need to resolve the concept of ‘power’ itself into more differentiated notions, and proposes that clarification may be derived from distinctions once explicit in the vocabulary of Classical antiquity, but lost in modern European languages. It argues that nothing but confusion in thinking about organizations, management and legitimation can result from the failure to recognize that the phenomena this vocabulary identifies and distinguishes are irreducibly different.     

A new lease for life? The return of vitalism in management and organization studies

This paper starts from a growing interest in the concept of concern, lived experience or “inhabiting” as part of the so-called “affective turn”. My main argument is that the notion of concern cannot be thought or understood without the concept of life. The concept of life, however, is somewhat of a taboo topic in the social sciences. I hold, nevertheless, that in order to reflect on their assumptions and to define concern for their own studies, scholars need to think about life and make a choice regarding the various approaches that can be taken. I therefore present and compare four vitalist approaches: romanticism and Lebensphilosophie, vitalism as ethos and pathos, neuroecosociality as well as vitalism as becoming.     

Effects of the implementation of information technology on employees' strain and job satisfaction: a context-dependent approach

The effects on staff of the implementation of new office information technology were investigated in ten companies in Vienna using a longitudinal design. Strain and satisfaction of 331 employees (implementation sample: n = 212; control sample: n = 119) were measured at five points in time over a period of 22 months. The study is based on a context-dependent approach. Personal factors (individual differences, external load) were assessed by questionnaires, and situational factors (job design, implementation content and implementation context) by objective measures. The impact of these factors on employees' strain responses was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). While the implementation of new technology as such made no significant contribution to the explanation of strain variables, a reasonable model fit was achieved when implementation characteristics were taken into account. The data suggest that negative effects of implementations must be expected if (1) adaptational demands do not include the enhancement of employee qualifications, (2) character-based user interfaces are not replaced, and (3) employees have few or no opportunities to participate in the implementation process.     

Consequences of work-family conflict on employee well-being over time

The effects of work-family conflict on the well-being of a diverse sample of 342 non-professional employees from the greater Los Angeles area were examined. Data were collected at two points in time, and a rigorous research design was employed. The effects of self-report bias were considered by controlling for social desirability bias, and by collecting two sources of data (i.e. self-reports and co-workers reports). The results revealed that work-family conflict predicted employee well-being over and above social desirability bias. In addition, analyses were consistent when both self-reports and co-workers reports were utilized. Finally, work-family conflict was a longitudinal predictor of employee's positive well-being. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were consistent across self-reports and co-worker reports.     

Policy Goals for Health and Safety

Health management and safety regulation are separate disciplines but share the aim to extend expectancy of life in good health. The need to improve cost-effectiveness calls for their co-ordinated management according to a unified rationale. Three guiding principles of accountability, demonstrable net benefit and a uniform measure of performance, have been laid out in Canada by the Joint Committee on Health and Safety. They call for open accounting in terms of (health-related quality-adjusted) life expectancy. The principles are utilitarian in format but, it is argued, inequity is naturally diminished in the process of optimizing cost-effectiveness through maximum marginal returns. Comments are made on practical implementation. The need for public consent in practice calls for two additional principles reflecting fair procedure and sovereignty of the citizens. It is concluded that public health and safety measures should be surveyed, documented for cost-effectiveness and prioritized for improvement.     

Ethical Mindsets of Christianity and Confucianism: A Comparative Study

This study investigates the application of an organizational mindset instrument to compare the ethical mindsets between Italy and Taiwan. Results suggest that there are not significant differences, but Italian business is perceived to practice some Machiavellianism that puts results ahead of ethical concerns.     

The myth of change management: A reflection on personal change and its lessons for leadership development

Abstract

In this article I reflect upon my own personal learning when faced with significant individual change, leaving a corporate role to start my own business and returning to serious study after twenty-five years of neglect. I look at the relationship between individual and organizational change, trying to reconcile the mechanistic models of change ingrained by years of practice with new insights gleaned from my own personal transition. Implications for change agents include taking a more adaptive and multi-dimensional approach to change, rather than vainly trying to manage it. For people developers it may question the way we develop leaders and managers to cope with change. And all of us may decide we can be better at learning how to embrace perpetual change and perpetual learning as part of the same unpredictable process.     

The Japanese version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire: a study in dental technicians

To test the psychometric properties and criterion validity of the Japanese version of the EffortReward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire (Siegrist, 1996), a survey was conducted among 105 male dental technicians. The Japanese version of the questionnaire was developed through a backtranslation process. Internal consistency and factorial structure were tested and the criterion validity with respect to musculoskeletal symptoms was estimated with the help of a correlation matrix and logistic regression analysis. In psychometric terms, the factorial structure of the scales measuring the components of the theoretical concept was replicated satisfactorily, and internal consistencies of the scales measuring the extrinsic and intrinsic components of the model were appropriate. Significant associations between components of the ERI and musculoskeletal symptoms were found. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly elevated risk of musculoskeletal symptoms in participants scoring high on the scale measuring the model's intrinsic component, 'overcommitment'. This study indicates that, at least for the occupational group under study, the Japanese version of the ERI Questionnaire is a feasible and psychometrically well justified new measure for assessing psychosocial stress at work with relevance to health.     

Axiomatic Equilibrium Selection for Generic Two‐Player Games

For a finite game with perfect recall, a refinement of its set of Nash equilibria selects closed connected subsets, called solutions. Assume that each solution's equilibria use undominated strategies and some of its equilibria are quasi‐perfect, and that all solutions are immune to presentation effects; namely, if the game is embedded in a larger game with more pure strategies and more players such that the original players' feasible mixed strategies and expected payoffs are preserved regardless of what other players do, then the larger game's solutions project to the original game's solutions. Then, for a game with two players and generic payoffs, each solution is an essential component of the set of equilibria that use undominated strategies, and thus a stable set of equilibria as defined by Mertens (1989).