教师“年检”冲击波

从入门一考到5年一检,教师资格考试将不再终身有效近日,随着《国务院关于加强教师队伍建设的意见》的颁布,教师资格考试和注册制度即将进入"年检"时代上海出台的新规规定,中小学教师首次注册后,每5年仍须注册一次.     

举措

安徽:试点教师资格定期注册打破教师"终身制"安徽省试点教师资格定期注册制,对在职教师将试点实行五年一周期的定期注册,要求年度考核合格、继续教育达到规定学时,师德表现良好的方能注册通过。目前安徽省已有部分市区完成了首次注册工作,下一阶段安徽省还将适当扩大定期注册     

国内外投资银行组织结构的实证分析研究

股票的发行审核制度是股票市场管理的第一道门槛,与该国的证券管理体系密切相关,是由其股票市场的发展程度、法律背景以及投资者的成熟度决定的。目前通行的发行审核制度共有两种形式:一是注册制度,主要代表国家是美国和日本;二是核准制度,大部分发展中国家采用这种制度,我国目前也是典型的核准制国家。股票发行核准制和股票发行注册制有本质区别,相应的投资银行运行模式方面也有巨大的区别。我国股票发行推行注册制改革将使我国资本市场发     

首创财力转移支付制度 浙江生态环保有了财政保障

案例背景早在2006年8月,原国家环保总局环境与经济政策研究中心课题组就提出了完备的生态补偿政策框架,然而,"怎么补、谁出钱、区域间如何协调"等一系列制度和技术难题困扰着该制度的全面建立。2007年9月,环保总局提出了开展生态补     

新农村实践

浦东补贴政策锁定“务农”二字 为切实增加本区户籍农民的务农收入．上海浦东新区政府决定，对直接和间接从事农业生产领域的。年龄在18至60周岁的本区户籍农民，实行务农政策补贴。标准每人每月100元。该政策今年8月试点，明年将在全区推行。今年初．中国社科院农村所副所长李周提出“注册农户”制度．外出农户不应享受国家与农补贴。     

信访工作札记(七)

政府办公室召开“信访工作研讨会”,会上．姚秘书提出的一个观点引起了大家的关注。他认为,制度、政策、决策与信访问题之间存在着某种内在的互动关系,制度、政策、决策是信访问题产生的大前提和背景;同时,信访反映出的问题也可以成为制度、政策、决策变化、调整的一个重要参考因素。制度、政策和决策可以“解决”一大片信访问题,     

完善会计委派制

会计委派制是在国有企业经济效益普遍滑坡、严重亏损,财务监督弱化,会计信息失真,国有资产被严重侵蚀的背景下提出来的,是企业改革及建立现代企业制度的一项重大举措。经过四年的实践,会计委派制试点虽取得了一定成效,但也暴露出一些问题,成为当前会计理论和实务界讨论的一个热点问题。 一、推行会计委派制的必要性 社会调控和监督体系还不完善。为了加强对经济活动的监督,我国注册会计师制度自1980年开始恢复重建。但由于注册会计师审计时间上与报汇总报表时     

日本对台的文化政策及其与“台独”的影响

本文以日本在台的"同化"政策为线索,以对台教育制度为核心,结合国际形势和日本对台的政治、经济政策背景,以探求其不同阶段的"同化"政策的变更。再通过其政策实施效果,看台人受"同化"和反抗的情况,以及产生这种情况的原因所在。     

关于我国注册会计师审计业务民事责任研究

随着市场经济的发展,一些上市公司财务报表造假事件频频发生,追究注册会计师的审计民事责任的诉讼也越来越多。本文通过阐述注册会计师审计民事责任的构成要件,分析我国审计民事责任制度存在的缺陷,进而提出了关于完善我国注册会计师审计民事责任制度的决策。     

从政府角色看提高CPA独立性的对策和建议

<正>本文从政府等监管机构出发,探寻提高我国注册会计师审计独立性的路径,针对我国政府机构对注册会计师行业的管制过多、管制不当、管制无效的问题,应该致力于政府在审计市场中的角色定位,主要解决的问题是政府与注册会计师协会如何管理我国注册会计师行业。一、我国审计市场形成的制度背景与CPA审计独立性的缺失从我国审计市场的发展历程来看,主要是在政府主导下依靠一些行政手段和力量来促进市场的培育和发展,注册会计师行业的每一     

Power,authority and legitimacy

Management, human resources, organization, control, leadership, etc., all seem to be just so many euphemisms for power, and this suggests a discourse of management and organization that calls things by their proper name. This paper on the contrary stresses the need to resolve the concept of ‘power’ itself into more differentiated notions, and proposes that clarification may be derived from distinctions once explicit in the vocabulary of Classical antiquity, but lost in modern European languages. It argues that nothing but confusion in thinking about organizations, management and legitimation can result from the failure to recognize that the phenomena this vocabulary identifies and distinguishes are irreducibly different.     

Defining Spirituality of Work

There is a current surge of writings on spirituality and related topics. For instance, Woodward (1997) has pointed out that since Thomas Moore's publication of Care of the Soul in 1994 there have been nearly 800books published with the word soul in the title. These run all the way from Chicken Soup for theWoman's Soul (Canfield et al., 1996) to A Guide to Liberating YourSoul (Barrett, 1995). Spirituality of work is a big part of this surge. Definitionsof spirituality of work seem to vary widely. Bowman (1998, p. 8) in his `reviewof the phenomenon of spirituality of work' found `Definitions of the term spirituality in the context of the Spirituality of Work troublesome and particularly subjective. Many writers do not even attempt definitions.' The purpose of this article is to review the concept of spirituality of work in its historical and current use and to propose a comprehensive definition.     

WebStress: a web interface to explore a multidatabase bibliographic corpus on occupational stress

A bibliographic study on a multidisciplinary subject, such as occupational stress, requires a multidatabase query facility. Given this, we searched eight databases belonging to different fields (medicine, psychology, etc.) and from different countries. Thus, more than 26000 references on occupational stress were gathered. A bibliographic corpus of this sort is unusable because of the heterogeneous format of the records and the number of duplicate entries. Considering the limitations of commercial programs, we have developed a system, called WebStress, for reformatting the data and removing duplicates. The huge number of references and the research needs of updating and searching have necessitated the addition of several other functions to WebStress. Therefore WebStress comprises a web interface that makes it possible to search the corpus with advanced features (using clustering, a specialized thesaurus on stress and Boolean queries). In addition to the usual bibliographic queries on a specific database such as Medline, WebStress provides bibliometric analysis of the corpus, which might contribute to a detailed analysis on occupational stress in order to highlight the networks of researchers and to find the main topics studied in this area. WebStress is not yet available to researchers in general. It is being further developed, and also permission needs to be obtained from the eight commercial bibliographic databases that it consults.     

The impact of a participatory organizational intervention on job stress in community health care institutions

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a short-term participatory intervention in health care institutions in Norway on workers' control, other job characteristics, job stress, subjective health and job satisfaction. Participants (including managers and supervisors) were randomly allocated to intervention groups and to a control group. Actions to solve problems based on the employees' own perceptions of the main problems were seen as the key motivators for organizational improvement and increased control at the task and office level in the work situation. The main stressors identified by the participants in this study were lack of information, communication and respect between professions, as well as the need for professional and personal development. The participatory intervention had a positive, but limited effect on work-related stress, job characteristics, learning climate and management style, and seemed to have started a beneficial change process. There were no negative short-term effects on work-related stress and job demands. Organizational interventions may be a potential training ground for acquiring participatory skills and resources, and if sustained after the intervention period, they can have long-term effects on problem solving, job stress and employee satisfaction.     

Circadian Rhythm and the Business Person

Each human being has an internal timekeeping mechanism. To date, over 100 so-called circadian rhythms have been detected. Perhaps the most significant is body temperature. There is an apparent connection between this rhythm and the efficiency with which we do things in the course of the working day. Within individuals, patterns have been discovered which give credence to the popular notions of a morning or an afternoon person, and so on. Our memory changes from morning to afternoon: short-term memory is stronger in the morning, and long-term memory stronger in the afternoon; in schools, morning students have higher grades than students who have other time-of-day preferences. Therefore, a strong case can be made in support of flexible time schedules. It is reported that productivity went up on the introduction of such a scheme. Employee stress has been seen to decline also. When flextime was offered, parents with small children took advantage of the benefit as well as unmarried employees. The only drawback is ensuring that, with so many individual variations in preferences, the needs of the company are fully met. If such a scheme can be devised, however, the research suggests that productivity and efficiency will increase.     

Social construction of work stress: Australian newsprint media portrayal of stress at work, 1997-98

Public understanding of health issues is influenced by the social and political interests of those who gather the information and by the media which disseminates it. This has implications for lay people's beliefs about work stress and has potentially serious personal implications in terms of recognizing, reacting to, and reporting stress in the workplace (Furnham, 1997). The somewhat ambiguous nature of work stress renders it vulnerable to political, social and economic manipulation. This study explores how the issue of work stress is represented in the Australian newsprint media. Fifty-one work-related articles from all major Australian newspapers from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 1997 were selected if 'stress' appeared in the headline. The articles were examined for dominant ideologies and themes. Attention was given to the language used to describe stress, the intended audience, and the voices represented in the articles. Results showed that work stress is represented in the media as an economically costly epidemic, as an outcome of unfavourable work conditions but with individual remedies, and as primarily situated within the public sector. The main voice represented in the media was that of the unions. The reproduction of work stress as a public sector phenomenon serves the interests of public sector unions, the newspapers, and the managers of private sector workers and is not consistent with available workers' compensation data (which is itself problematic).     

Is Risk Analysis Scientific?

This article discusses to what extent risk analysis is scientific in view of a set of commonly used definitions and criteria. We consider scientific knowledge to be characterized by its subject matter, its success in developing the best available knowledge in its fields of study, and the epistemic norms and values that guide scientific investigations. We proceed to assess the field of risk analysis according to these criteria. For this purpose, we use a model for risk analysis in which science is used as a base for decision making on risks, which covers the five elements evidence, knowledge base, broad risk evaluation, managerial review and judgment, and the decision; and that relates these elements to the domains experts and decisionmakers, and to the domains fact‐based or value‐based. We conclude that risk analysis is a scientific field of study, when understood as consisting primarily of (i) knowledge about risk‐related phenomena, processes, events, etc., and (ii) concepts, theories, frameworks, approaches, principles, methods and models to understand, assess, characterize, communicate, and manage risk, in general and for specific applications (the instrumental part).     

A new lease for life? The return of vitalism in management and organization studies

This paper starts from a growing interest in the concept of concern, lived experience or “inhabiting” as part of the so-called “affective turn”. My main argument is that the notion of concern cannot be thought or understood without the concept of life. The concept of life, however, is somewhat of a taboo topic in the social sciences. I hold, nevertheless, that in order to reflect on their assumptions and to define concern for their own studies, scholars need to think about life and make a choice regarding the various approaches that can be taken. I therefore present and compare four vitalist approaches: romanticism and Lebensphilosophie, vitalism as ethos and pathos, neuroecosociality as well as vitalism as becoming.     

Effects of the implementation of information technology on employees' strain and job satisfaction: a context-dependent approach

The effects on staff of the implementation of new office information technology were investigated in ten companies in Vienna using a longitudinal design. Strain and satisfaction of 331 employees (implementation sample: n = 212; control sample: n = 119) were measured at five points in time over a period of 22 months. The study is based on a context-dependent approach. Personal factors (individual differences, external load) were assessed by questionnaires, and situational factors (job design, implementation content and implementation context) by objective measures. The impact of these factors on employees' strain responses was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). While the implementation of new technology as such made no significant contribution to the explanation of strain variables, a reasonable model fit was achieved when implementation characteristics were taken into account. The data suggest that negative effects of implementations must be expected if (1) adaptational demands do not include the enhancement of employee qualifications, (2) character-based user interfaces are not replaced, and (3) employees have few or no opportunities to participate in the implementation process.