淮北宿临矿区构造特征及演化

宿临矿区是淮北煤田的主要赋煤地带。自石炭二叠纪以来，该区经受了多次构造活动。在早期形成的徐准拗陷基础上主要发育有东西向及北北东向的断裂，这些断理解共同构成了矿区的基本构造格架。断块内褶皱多为开阔短轴褶皱，并发育有较大一级的北东向断层有层滑构造等。岩浆岩的侵入明显受断裂构造控制。矿区内地球物理场特征（场值及分布）也正证实了矿区内构造展布及演化的综合特征。而这种构造演化与华北板块南缘和东缘的两条板缘构造活动带密切相关。     

渤海湾盆地黄骅拗陷天然气中幔源氦

黄骅拗陷天然气中存在强烈的幔源氦入侵，氦同位素比值３Ｈｅ／４Ｈｅ０．１２Ｒａ至３．６２Ｒａ，表明天然气中氦组分有１％至４５％来自幔源。３Ｈｅ／４Ｈｅ频率分布图呈双峰式特点，低值峰０．１２Ｒａ至１．１９Ｒａ，位于新生代中后期构造、岩浆活动不发育和远离断裂交汇带地区，其仍远高于壳源流体特征０．０２Ｒａ，表明拗陷区总体上存在较强的幔源氦混染。高值峰１．２８Ｒａ至２．８０Ｒａ，均位于长期活动断裂，特别是断裂交汇带和新生代火山活动区。幔源氦自断裂交汇带释放．沿ＮＥ—ＮＥＥ向伸展断裂带运移、聚集，并向四周扩散。早第三纪伸展活动与幔源岩浆作用期是幔源氦主要释放期；晚第三纪至第四纪ＮＷ向深断裂活动和深源岩浆作用对区内幔源氦聚集亦具重要贡献。     

中国东海北北东向和北西向断裂带研究的新认识

对东海重、磁资料进行了各种转换处理,结合地震、地质资料,综合定性和定量解释的成果,对中国东海北北东向陆架西缘断裂带、陆架东缘断裂带和北西向桃花-粟国断裂带、渔山-久米断裂带进行了研究。指出中国东海北北东向和北西向断裂带中生代以来的活动经历了三个阶段,即印支-早燕山阶段的北北东向断裂带左旋平移、北西向断裂带碰撞、挤压,晚燕山-早喜山阶段北北东向断裂以“犁式正断层”方式活动,北西向断裂带左旋平移活动和晚喜山阶段北西向断裂的左旋平移活动。断裂活动表现出自西北向东南逐渐变新的特点。由于两组断裂带的活动。造成了东海盆地“东西分带”、“南北分块”的基本构造格局。三个阶段的活动方式分别与特提斯洋的俯冲、太平洋-库拉板块的北移,特提斯洋的封闭、印度板块的向北移动及太平洋板块运动方向的转变有关。     

Leakage of mantle helium from the Liaodong Peninsula, China

The isotopic cumpositions of helium have been investigated in hot spring gases sampled from the Liaodong Peninsula. China. The³He/⁴He ratios range from 0.14 Ra (0.14 times the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.40 × 10^-6 to 0.72 Ra.³He/⁴He versus⁴He/²⁰Ne ratios and He contents suggest that a small amount of mantle-derived helium reaches the earth’s surface. Helium iwtope ratios of the hot spring gases show a distribution pattern similar to the regional heat flow values, indicating that the positive thermal anomaly occurring in the rtrea is closely associated with the presence of mantle-derived helium. The observations described above provide some significant evidence that the molten magma originating from partial melting of the upper mantle may have intruded into the continental crust along the activity fault. The coupling of the presence of mantle He and heat flow anomalies to seismic activity in studied region seem to imply that there is an internal relationship between mantle degassing and seismic activity.     

Noble gas abundances and isotopic compositions in mantle-derived xenoliths, NE China

Following the researches of helium isotopic compositions in mantle-derived xenoliths in eastern China,this study reported noble gas abundances and isotopic compositions of mantle-derived xenoliths from Kuandian of Liaoning Province, Huinan of Jilin Province and Hannuoba of Hebei Province. Compared with the middle ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and other continental areas, mantle-derived xenoliths in NE China are characterized by slightly low noble gas abundances, 3He/4He equivalent to or lower than that of MORB, 40Ar/36Ar lower than that of MORB, 38Ar/36Ar and Ne-Kr-Xe isotopic ratios equivalent to those of atmosphere. These results indicate the heterogeneity of subcontinentai lithospheric mantle beneath northeastern China, that is, a MORB reservoir-like mantle beneath Kuandian and an enriched/metasomatized mantle beneath Huinan. Low 40Ar/36Ar ratios in the three studied areas may imply that a subducted atmospheric component has been preserved in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.``     

青海东昆中岩浆弧带侵入岩体中金矿床地质特征及成因探讨

近年来青海东昆仑成矿带发现了新的金成矿类型,金矿体主要赋存于东昆中岩浆弧带中酸性侵入岩体内的构造蚀变破碎带中。为了查明此类金矿床的成因,从矿床形成的地质特征、矿体特征及矿体与构造、岩浆活动的关系等方面进行分析,说明金矿体的容矿围岩为华力西期、印支期闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗岩,北西向和北东向断裂为主要的控矿、容矿构造,成矿流体沿断裂带的裂隙系统中运移至减压部位成矿,在脆性剪切部位形成构造蚀变岩型金矿体。矿体成因属于构造蚀变岩型,具有较大的找矿空间。     

三门峡盆地重力异常特征与构造格局

三门峡盆地位于汾渭地堑系东南端,秦岭纬向构造带和新华夏构造的交汇部位。研究其构造格局对盆地油气勘探具有重要意义。本文综合利用布格重力资料和野外观测资料,刻画盆地断裂特征并划分了构造单元。研究结果表明,三门峡盆地主要发育近EW向、NE向和NW向三组断裂系,包括4条边界断裂和13条盆地内次级断裂,且边界断裂多以断裂带形式呈现。盆地断裂多形成于前新生代,至第四纪趋于稳定,具有延伸长、切割深的特点。盆地西部布格重力异常值相对较高,剩余重力场盆内自北向南呈近EW向低-高-低的条带分布,且存在多个异常值不同的区域,表明新生代沉积地层较厚,并受断裂控制出现了沉降差异。受中条山南断裂、文底-宫前断裂、灵宝-三门峡断裂和三门峡-硖石断裂等断裂控制,三门峡盆地可划分为3个二级构造单元和9个三级构造单元,盆地自北向南依次为北部坳陷带、中部低隆起和南部坳陷带。整体表现为南北分带、凹隆相间的构造格局。     

松辽盆地敖古拉-他拉哈断裂带构造演化

敖古拉-他拉哈断裂带与松辽盆地中央拗陷区中浅层系油气聚集密切相关。其发育背景复杂,发育历史漫长,活动期次多,是多期构造运动叠加的结果。通过对敖古拉-他拉哈断裂带系统的构造演化研究,认为断裂带主要经历了3个演化阶段:一是在沙河子期伸展—拉张阶段形成2条北北东向斜列展布的深层主干断裂;二是拗陷期青山口组第一段沉积末期在深层主干断裂上方的T_2反射层上形成密集分布的小断层带,此时断层带的形成和演化明显受到深层断陷展布格局的制约;三是在萎缩期明水组沉积末期的区域挤压作用使得深层主干断裂发生反转,向上扩展形成一个北北东向的断裂带,敖古拉-他拉哈断裂带最终定型。     

中非裂谷盆地构造演化差异性与构造动力学机制

分析了不同空间位置盆地的构造演化差异性，并结合区域构造事件探讨了中非裂谷盆地的构造动力学成因机制。中非裂谷盆地包括两个分支体系：西非裂谷系主要呈左旋走滑双断式结构；中非裂谷系主要表现为单断式右旋走滑结构。研究区内有走滑盆地和伸展盆地两种类型：前者位于走滑断裂带内部，近似平行于走滑断裂带展布，走滑作用强，构造反转明显；后者位于走滑断裂带端部，与走滑断裂带斜交，伸展作用强，构造反转较弱。中非裂谷盆地发育3期裂陷—拗陷构造旋回：早白垩世，中非盆地同时发生强烈的裂陷作用；晚白垩世，不同空间位置盆地的裂谷作用强度差异明显并且经历构造反转；古近纪，只有近NW-SE向盆地发生第三期裂谷作用，而其他盆地处于拗陷期。中非裂谷盆地是非洲陆缘板块构造运动在非洲陆内3个块体差异应力作用的陆内响应，3期裂谷作用的构造动力来源不同：早白垩世中大西洋扩张、晚白垩世南大西洋快速扩张和印度洋扩张双重作用、古近纪非洲板块与欧洲板块主要碰撞及西北印度洋中脊扩张影响。     

东营凹陷新生代早期断裂系统的运动学特征及动力学机制

通过对盆地地震剖面的解释,构造演化剖面的编制,断层运动学三维解析以及前人对地热场、地球物理场研究的分析,对东营凹陷新生代早期断裂的运动学特征和动力学机制进行研究。结果表明:在新生代早期,东营凹陷在伸展过程中发育有走滑-正断层和走滑断层,其中走滑-正断层在剖面上为马尾状断层组合;东营凹陷新生代早期东西向伸展量小、南北向伸展量大,在主要伸展期Ek-Es4伸展了15.1 km,而断层走滑量分析表明NW、NE向正断层在走滑量分别为14.8 km和10.3 km;东营凹陷新生代早期的伸展为窄裂陷模式,表现为强烈断陷;凹陷内NW、NE向断层对南北向伸展起侧断调节的作用,而凹陷周边发育的展向断层由调节块体向南逃逸时的伸展差异产生。     

Mesozoic thrusts and extensional structures in the Daqingshan orogen, Inner Mongolia, and their temporal and spatial relationship

Three large-scale thrusts developed in the Daqingshan orogen, Inner Mongolia, with a northeast-east trending from Louhuashan to Suletu are described in this paper. These northwest-directed thrusts, together with the four tectonic belts (or tectonic sheets) separated by these faults, formed a typical thrusting system. The originally defined Hohhot metamorphic core complex may be a tectonic sheet, making the uppermost tectonic unit of the thrusting system and truncated by the Daqingshan detachment fault on top. The existing tectono-chronological studies showed that the thrusting of this region possibly happened at the same time as the extension along the top detachment fault. This presents that the contraction and extension in Daqingshan orogen were probably simultaneous. The structural pattern of the Daqingshan orogen can be correlated to the Himalayan orogen, and models for simultaneous thrusting and detachment in Himalaya may give a hint for explaining the development of the Daqingshan orogen.     

Mesozoic thrusts and extensional structures in the Daqingshan orogen, Inner Mongolia, and their temporal and spatial relationship

Three large-scale thrusts developed in the Daqingshan orogen, Inner Mongolia, with a northeast-east trending from Louhuashan to Suletu are described in this paper. These northwest-directed thrusts, together with the four tectonic belts (or tectonic sheets) separated by these faults, formed a typical thrusting system. The originally defined Hohhot metamorphic core complex may be a tectonic sheet, making the uppermost tectonic unit of the thrusting system and truncated by the Daqingshan detachment fault on top. The existing tectono-chronological studies showed that the thrusting of this region possibly happened at the same time as the extension along the top detachment fault. This presents that the contraction and extension in Daqingshan orogen were probably simultaneous. The structural pattern of the Daqingshan orogen can be correlated to the Himalayan orogen, and models for simultaneous thrusting and detachment in Himalaya may give a hint for explaining the development of the Daqingshan orogen.     

乌尔逊西部断裂构造的控陷特征

在乌尔逊凹陷识别出四个区域性构造层序界面即T5、T3、T04、T02,将控陷发育阶段按构造层划分成三期：断陷期、断-坳转换期、坳陷-萎缩期。本次三维地震资料的重新解释得出,断陷期乌西控陷断层并非是一条南北向断层,而是由多条呈雁列展布的北东向断层组成,整条雁列式断裂带呈南北向展布;断-坳期则由多条近南北向控陷断层链接构成一条断裂．     

板桥凹陷新生代断裂构造特征与成藏模式

为了揭示板桥凹陷新生代断裂构造特征与油气成藏的关系,利用油区构造解析方法对新生代断裂构造活动及 控藏机理进行研究。结果表明,板桥凹陷可划分为北区断裂构造转换带、中区断鼻构造带以及南区走滑变形带等3 个 构造区带,区内主控断层具有垂向分期、平面分段的活动特征,并派生出大量次级断层,组成了新生代断裂构造活动的 全貌。综合断层活动与断裂输导体系以及凹陷内油气分布特征,建立了“同生断层深浅层兼控”与“次级断层浅层伴生 控藏”两种断控成藏模式。     

黔东凯里—三都断裂结构及形成演化

通过宏观描述、地震解译、有限应变测量、显微构造分析及包裹体测温等方法对黔东凯里-三都断裂进行了研究。认为凯里-三都断裂是黔东南推覆体的前锋断裂,呈向NWW突出的弧形,总体表现为由数条断层组成的逆冲断裂带,主断裂倾向SEE,为黔南拗陷和雪峰古陆的分界线。断裂带以浅层脆性变形为主,断裂带上盘向NWW推覆的水平位移达12～15km,是多条断层多期挤压、拉张和平移剪切作用叠加的结果。断裂带经历了多期演化过程,燕山期以来的演化历史主要受太平洋构造域控制,早中燕山期为主挤压逆冲阶段、晚燕山期为拉张正滑阶段、喜马拉雅期为再次挤压-定型阶段。     

Noble gas isotopic compositions of deep carbonate rocks from the Tarim Basin

Abundances and isotopic compositions of noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr) with various existence states in carbonate rocks from the Tacan1 Well have been investigated by means of the stepwise heating technique. The elemental abundance patterns of noble gases in the samples show the enrichment of heavy noble gases and depletion of ²⁰Ne relative to the atmosphere, which are designated as type-Ⅰand are similar to that observed in water, natural gases and sedimentary rocks. The ³He/⁴He ratios of deep carbonate samples at lower and medium temperature (300—700℃) and a majority of samples at higher temperature (1100—1500℃) steps are very similar to those of natural gases in the same strata in this area, this feature of radiogenic crustal helium shows that the Tazhong Uplift is relatively stable. However, significant helium and argon isotopic anomalies are found at the 1100℃ step in the Middle-Upper Ordovician carbonate rock, suggesting the incorporation of mantle-derived volatiles, this may be due to minor igneous minerals contained in sedimentary carbonate rocks. The ⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁶Ar ratios in the Cambrian carbonate rock are slightly higher than those in Ordovician carbonate rocks, which may reflect the influence of the chronologic accumulation effect of crust radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar. Argon isotopes of various existence states in source rocks are much more different, both ³⁸Ar/ ³⁶Ar and ⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁶Ar ratios at the higher temperature steps are higher than those at the lower temperature steps.     

北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷东部断裂系统成因演化机制的构造物理模拟

受多期次构造应力场叠加转变的影响,迈陈凹陷东部断裂发育具有明显的阶段性,平面上断裂走向在古新统和始新统以NE向为主,渐新统转变为EW和NEE向,剖面上以T4反射层(涠州组底)为界可以划分为上下两套断裂系统,上下两套断裂系统继承与改造并存。针对这一问题,在地震、钻井岩心和区域地质背景资料分析解释的基础上,对迈陈凹陷东部断裂系统的发育演化进行构造物理模拟实验正演分析。实验结果表明:迈陈凹陷东部在古新世—中始新世主要受控于NW向伸展应力场,以NE向断裂发育为主;晚始新世在NW向拉张的同时叠加了右旋剪切作用,近EW向断裂开始发育,部分早期发育的NE向断裂继承性活动。     

Noble gases in corundum megacrysts from the basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China

This study presents noble gaseous data of the corundum megacrysts from the Cenozoic basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China. It is known that no noble gaseous data of corundum megacryst have been documented before. The 3He/4He ratios (1.13-7.37 Ra) of the corundums from Changle vary from atmosphere to MORB values; the 20Ne/22Ne (9.67-10.75) and 21Ne/22Ne (0.0280-0.0372) data define two linear trends on Ne three-isotope diagram, respectively, along the MFL and the correlation line between atmosphere and MORB; the 38Ar/36Ar (0.177-0.194) ratios, the 40Ar/36Ar (280.9 -404.2) ratios and the 128-136Xe/132Xe ration with obvious 129Xe excess are generally higher than at-mospheric component, but the 40Ar/36Ar ratios are much closer to atomospheric ratio. The isotopic compositions of noble gases (particularly for He and Ar) of the corundums are similar to those of py-roxene, anorthoclase megacrysts, and mantle-derived xenoliths from this area, and those of man-tle-derived xenoliths from several areas in eastern China. Therefore, the noble gases trapped in the corundums probably are from mantle source, representing a ‘mixed fluid' produced by the interaction between the lithospheric mantle and fluids releasing from the convective plate. Both the noble gas isotopic compositions and the oxygen isotopic compositions of the solid corundums are not the characteristics of crustal source. These suggest that the corundums crystallized from mantle-derived magmas with minimal crustal contamination.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘古峰庄-红井子地区长9油藏特征及油气富集规律

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘古峰庄-红井子地区地跨西缘逆冲带和天环坳陷两大构造。通过地震资料解释、地层对比和构造对比等识别发现该区存在两种类型的断层,早期的逆断层位于研究区的西部,呈南北向和北西-南东向展布;晚期的正断层分布于区的中部,呈北西-南东向展布。天环坳陷的形成与长7烃源岩分布及生烃高峰期在时空上匹配,促进了油气侧向运移并成藏。古峰庄-红井子地区长9油藏发育3种类型油藏:早期鼻状隆起带成藏、西缘逆冲带逆断层成藏和晚期天环坳陷内正断层成藏。前两种类型同期形成于早白垩世末期,形成时间较早,为原始油藏;后者形成喜山期,时间较晚,属改造型油藏。晚期断层对油藏进行重新调整,造成断层下盘油藏被破坏。建立了古峰庄-红井子地区长9油藏的成藏模式,总结其成藏规律为断层是油气运移的通道、异常压力和底水浮力驱动是油气运移的动力、连通宽广的砂体是油气运移的载体、泥岩和断层阻挡以及构造高点是油气运移的最终落脚点。     

茂汶韧性断裂带(耿达—汶川段)的基本特征

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