冷连轧机动态变规格机架速度控制策略及规律

针对冷连轧机动态变规格特性,提出了以变规格前的带钢张力设定值为控制目标的变规格机架速度控制策略. 通过建立张力作用下带钢弹性变形的数学解析模型,推导计算了单步小压下变规格时变规格机架的速度控制规律,并根据流量相等原则对变规格后的冷连轧机前面机架进行速度设定. 当变规格前后带钢的几何尺寸或材料特性差异较大时,提出利用楔形段方式完成动态变规格,采用上述张力控制目标策略推导计算了楔形段动态变规格方式每个中间厚度的轧制速度和辊缝设定值控制规律. 本策略可将变规格造成的厚度偏差控制在变规格机架之间,同时避免了变规格机架与其他机架轧制因素通过张力的耦合,使轧制过程的动态变规格控制易于实现.     

冷连轧动态变规格在线过程控制原理与应用

根据国内某1220冷连轧机组生产实际情况,采用逆流直接求解非线性方程组的方法建立起变断面、变张力冷连轧机组动态变规格控制系统,得到变规格过程中各个过渡段各个机架的辊缝、辊速变化值及变规格轧机调整时间·生产实践表明,带钢在变规格过程中的厚度偏差及偏差长度优于设计要求,在变规格过程中各种轧制参数具有较高的稳定性·     

冷连轧动态规格变换设定模型的探讨

本文从为满足合理的轧制工艺制度出发,即在动态规格变换中两规程机架间总张力不等,采用轧制理论公式线性化的方法,考虑到机架间张力传递的影响,建立随变规格点到达各机架逆轧制线方向(逆流)改变各机架轧辊转速和辊缝的设定模型,导出其递推计算公式。其设定值进行计算机模拟动态规格变换结果表明,该设定模型是正确的,可做为变张力条件下动态规格变换计算机在线设定、控制模型的基础。     

变规格连轧时的速度与秒流量相等法则

用理论方法研究了连轧时速度与张力的相互关系，分析了连轧时速度和张力所起的作用，提出了连轧速度理论，认为稳定张力连轧可以分解成带张力的独立机架轧制，但张力与速度要和前后架协调一致，在改变辊缝轧制时，机架间存在张力作用下的轧件断面变化的过渡稳定段，此时轧件各断面速度相等，但不能使用机架间秒流量相等法则。     

半无头热连轧动态变规格过程轧制规程优化

为了在短时间内顺利实现带钢规格的变换,提高变规格过程的稳定性,提出了一种等压下系数的动态变规格规程设计策略和原理,给出了设计计算实例,与常规规程设计策略计算结果进行了对比,并对过渡过程各机架轧制力和出口厚度的波动进行了仿真计算.结果表明,新策略对提高变规格过程的稳定性,减少变规格机架对逆流机架的影响和干扰有着显著的作用.     

冷连轧机出口飞剪的控制方法

讨论了经冷连轧机轧制出的带钢,当其剪切点在冷连轧机的末机架出现后,轧机出口飞剪对带钢进行剪切的控制算法·在飞剪进行剪切过程中,飞剪剪刃位置是由与飞剪电动机同轴安装的凸轮开关发出的指令进行控制的·采用所述控制方法进行剪切,带钢剪切断面光滑·同时给出了在剪切过程中带钢承受的张力与正常轧制过程中张力的关系·     

冷连轧第5机架轧制力模型

在冷连轧轧制过程中,综合考虑轧件、轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的塑性变形,将轧件的受力变形区分为:入口弹性变形区、塑性变形区和出口弹性变形区·采用数值积分法,迭代计算入口弹性变形区和塑性变形区的轧制力,用出口区单位压力分布曲线围成的面积和轧件宽度的乘积近似计算出口弹性变形区的轧制力,两者求和即得到第5机架轧制力计算模型·用现场记录的不同钢种和规格的多组数据进行仿真计算,结果表明,该模型满足冷连轧生产轧制力预计算所需的精度要求·     

带钢热连轧换规格轧制力自学习优化

热连轧带钢生产过程中,轧制力预报精度直接影响到带钢厚度的精度,而轧制力预报精度很大程度上依赖于轧制力自学习.针对换规格时轧制力预报精度偏低的问题,通过对产生轧制力偏差的原因分析,引入基于钢种变形抗力的抛物线偏差曲线的概念、机架设备自学习系数和机架设备状态影响系数.现场实际应用效果表明:换规格后的首块钢的轧制力预报精度与传统方法相比,带钢头部的轧制力预报相对误差减小4%,满足自动厚度控制系统的控制要求,提高了带钢的产品质量,取得了良好的经济价值,适于工业推广.     

冷轧不锈钢带板型控制之我见

随着市场对冷轧产品需求的迅速增长,冷轧生产从简单的单机架可逆轧制,向多机架连轧发展。连轧机的生产形式也在发生变化,从常规的连轧机组发展到全连续式冷连轧机组,即将带钢的头尾焊接在一起,进行“无头轧制”,使连轧机组的生产能力大幅度提高。     

浅谈板材热连轧速度的平衡

带钢热连轧是冶、铸、轧生产中的一个重要组成部分。当今,随着热连轧过程控制自动化技术的发展,对控制系统操作人员的要求也越来越高。热连轧生产过程是带张力轧制过程,张力的存在使连轧具有比单机架轧制复杂的牵连影响。本文认为,即便轧机自动调节能力很强,准确计算带张力的轧件出口速度也还是很必要,进行无活套微张力轧制就更依赖于此。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with