三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液

研究了以活性炭和涂膜炭为填充电极的三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的影响因素和处理效果．通过单因素试验确定的最佳电解奈件为：电流密度57．1mA／cm^2,曝气量0．2m^3／h,Fe（Ⅱ）投加量1．0mmol／L,初始pH为4．0．在此条件下电解180min后,COD、氨氮和色度去除率分别达80．8％、55．2％和98．6％,BOD5／COD由0．125提高至0．486由GC—MS分析结果可知,三维电极-电Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液中芳烃、烷烃、羧酸和酯类等有机物具有很好的降解效果,能有效处理垃圾渗滤液．     

微电解-Fenton氧化法去除垃圾渗滤液中有机物

采用Fe/C微电解和Fe/C微电解-Fenton氧化联合工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行处理,研究了废水初始pH、药剂投加量、药剂投加比例和反应时间等对处理效果的影响,获得Fe/C微电解处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳工艺条件:初始pH =3、m(Fe)/m(C)为4、ρ(Fe/C)为0.6 g/L、反应时间为60 min,处理后COD降至5 960 mg/L,COD去除率达51.8％.Fe/C微电解-Fenton氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳工艺条件:在Fe/C微电解最佳条件下,H2O2投加量为11 mL/L,反应时间为100 min,出水COD为4480 mg/L,COD总去除率为63.8％.垃圾渗滤液中的腐殖酸类有机质经过Fe/C微电解或微电解-Fenton氧化处理后变成小分子产物,与Fe/C微电解相比,Fenton氧化对腐殖酸等大分子有机质有更强的氧化降解效果.     

不同时期垃圾渗滤液两级UASB-A/O-SBR工艺深度脱氮

应用两级上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)-缺氧/好氧(A/O)-序批式反应器(SBR)深度处理早期和晚期垃圾渗滤液.首先在一级UASB(UASB1)中实现反硝化,在二级UASB(UASB2)中通过产甲烷降解有机物,在A/O反应器的好氧区进行NH4+-N的硝化,最后在SBR中去除残余NH4+-N及通过反硝化去除NO2--N和NO3--N深度脱氮.试验结果表明:早期渗滤液ρ(COD),ρ(TN)和ρ(NH4+-N)分别为14.8,1.8和1.3 mg/mL,最终出水ρ(TN),ρ(NH4+-N),ρ(NO2--N)和P(NO3--N)分别为28,4,3.4和1.9 mg/L,获得了大于98%的TN和NH4+-N去除率.晚期渗滤液ρ(COD)为2.5 mg/mL;ρ(TN),ρ(NH4+-N)分别为3.0和2.9 mg/mL时,获得99%以上的TN和NH4+-N去除率.最终出水ρ(NH4+-N),ρ(NO2--N)和P(NO3--N)都小于10 mg/L,最终出水ρ(TN)为26～32 mg/L.     

短程硝化联合厌氧氨氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的启动

针对晚期垃圾渗滤液脱氮难的问题,采用短程硝化SBR联合厌氧氨氧化SBR工艺处理晚期垃圾渗滤液.短程硝化SBR经过50 d驯化和培养,其最终出水亚硝态氮质量浓度维持在500 mg/L左右,短程硝化率稳定在98％以上.为了消除过高亚硝态氮对厌氧氨氧化菌的抑制,压氧氨氧化SBR由传统的操作模式改为反应期间连续进水间歇沉淀和出水,其水力停留时间控制在20 h.在配水驯化期,进水亚硝质量浓度由60 mg/L提升至395 mg/L,总氮容积去除速率由0.10 kg/(m3·d)提升至0.75 kg/(m3·d);驯化结束后,逐步掺入渗滤液,在实验的第156天,进水中的亚硝态氮全部由好氧SBR的出水提供.研究结果表明:渗滤液中难降解的COD未对厌氧氨氧化菌产生抑制作用,少量的反硝化作用反而提高了系统总氮的去除率,此时,系统的总氮容积去除速率为0.76 kg/(m3·d),进水COD、亚硝态氮和氨氮质量浓度分别为295,390,295 mg/L,出水CDO、亚硝态氮和氨氮质量浓度分别为246,1.3和0.6 mg/L;在不添加任何碳源的条件下,总氮去除率达90％以上.     

电化学氧化法深度处理土霉素废水二级处理出水试验研究

以钛涂铱钌(Ti/RuO2-IrO2)平板为阳极、石墨板为阴极,采用电化学氧化法对土霉素废水二级处理出水进行了深度处理试验研究。确定了最佳电解条件:电流密度为0.10A/cm2、极板间距为2cm、电解质(Na2SO4)浓度为0.3mol/L和不调整废水pH值,在进水ρ(COD)=264.32mg/L时,电解60min后出水ρ(COD)120.00mg/L,COD去除率可达60%以上。在最佳电解条件下,COD去除动力学方程为ln(c0/ct)=0.012 9t-0.001 7,其相关系数R2=0.997 5,近似符合一级动力学方程。     

水解酸化——SBR组合工艺处理焦化废水

采用水解酸化——SBR工艺处理焦化废水，进水水质为COD1 100mg／L，NH3-N210mg／L时，水解酸化4h，SBR曝气8h，搅拌3h，再曝气4h，沉降1．5h，出水COD68．2mg／L，NH3-N 51．2mg／L，去除率分别达到93.8％，75．6％．     

微电解-Fenton-MAP沉淀法处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用了微电解-Fenton氧化-磷酸铵镁(MAP)沉淀联合处理垃圾渗滤液.试验结果表明:在HRT为80 min,pH为3.5时,微电解对垃圾渗滤液CODCr的去除率达到29.9%;微电解后的出水经Fenton进一步氧化,在pH为3,H2O2的投加量为13g/L,反应时间为25 min时,其CODCr的去除率可达81.3%;微电解-Fenton氧化后的出水再经MAP沉淀法处理,在pH为9,反应时间为25 min时,NH3-N的去除率达95%.微电解-Fenton氧化-MAP沉淀组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,其CODCr的总去除率达86.6%,NH3-N的总去除率达99.5%.     

高质量浓度豆制品加工废水处理工程试验研究

文章对原豆制品加工废水处理SBR工艺存在的问题进行分析,提出了替代工艺SBR1-接触氧化-SBR2的技术路线。试验结果表明,进水COD的质量浓度为5 647~6 521 mg/L,SBR1、接触氧化及SBR2的水力停留时间分别为2d、1d和4d时,SBR1出水COD的质量浓度约为1 436 mg/L,接触氧化约为666 mg/L,SBR2小于100 mg/L;总BOD和COD的去除率能够达到98.9%和98.5%以上;改造后工程运行稳定,出水水质达到国家行业Ⅰ级标准。     

膨胀颗粒污泥床-接触氧化工艺处理酒精废水试验研究

介绍了膨胀颗拉污泥床-接触氧化工艺在处理高浓度酒精废水的试验研究。结果表明：进水CODCr为14300mg／L左右,BOD5为8600mg／L左右,CODCr去除率达到99％以上,出水浓度达到GB8978—96二级排放标准,处理效果显著。     

SBR法处理广东地区城市污水实验研究

采用SBR工艺对广州地区城市污水进行实验研究,结果表明：在一个反应装置内,可以达到既能去除有机物又能脱氮除磷的效果,处果后,出水BOD5浓度为5．12－13．62mg/L,去除率达85％－93％;出水COD浓度为10．7－32．2mg/L,去除率达82％－88％;出水NH3－N浓度在2．83－9．83mg/L,去除率达53％087％;出水TP浓度为0．1－0.45mg/L;去除率达85％－99％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with