超导量子干涉器件的初步实验观察

建立在超导磁通量子化和约瑟夫逊效应基础上的超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)是目前最灵敏的测磁手段,可以测量10~(-11)高斯的弱磁场和原则上低达10~(-15)伏的弱电压.由于它灵敏度高、噪声低,可作为物理、化学、生物等领域的新的高灵敏研究手段.在电工计量、地质探矿、水下通讯、心磁图诊断、军事探潜等方面也有广阔的应用前景.     

高温RF SQUID磁力仪射频振荡器

为了提高高温射频超导量子干涉器(RF SQUID:Radio-Frequency Superconducting Quantum Interference Device)磁力仪的磁场灵敏度和稳定性,设计了提供超导量子干涉器谐振回路偏置信号的射频振荡器。该振荡器采用频率连续可调的压控振荡器作为信号源,结合射频信号衰减电路产生SQUID器件所需功率的振荡信号。实验结果表明,该振荡器能产生549.75～947 MHz连续可调的射频信号,信号功率最低可达-98.97 dBm,满足SQUID器件的工作要求。     

零磁室内环境磁场噪声的测定

本文用国产超导量子干涉仪,即SQUID,对国家地震局地球物理所建造的零磁空间实验室(零磁室)内的环境磁场噪声进行了探测.室内磁场噪声约为(Hz)~(1/(0.89×10~(-12)T/).该结果表明:这样的零磁室可用来测量人体器官组织的弱磁信号,也是进行生物磁医学、高温超导材料学以及地震学等研究的理想测试环境。     

介质属性对SQUID探测的影响分析

基于高精度的磁梯度张量探测原理和超导量子干涉器(SQUID)的高探测精度,就地下采空区介质属性对区域磁场信号的影响进行了分析研究。通过改变地下采空区的介质属性,利用仿真得到介质不同属性的采空区的区域磁场图,分析了不同介质采空区对周围磁场信号的影响,验证了井工采空区磁法探测的可行性。     

SQUID地磁仪获取地下信息的方法研究及应用

采空区的探测对于保障矿区作业安全有重要作用。以SQUID磁梯度仪为基础,使用计算机实现模拟测试场地的仿真测试,并对模拟场地区域的地下磁异常进行磁梯度探测,使用反演算法获得磁异常源的方位、几何轮廓和距离,同时较好地排除了该场地其他磁异常源的干扰,以此验证了SQUID磁梯度仪用于地下磁信息探测的可行性。对SQUID磁梯度仪应用于矿区采空区的探测有指导意义。     

旋磁铁氧体M—T曲线的自动记录技术

本文首先叙述了长时间电子积分器和线性峰值整流器的原理和电路,然后着重研究了旋磁铁氧体M—T曲线的记录技术.实验表明,此技术具有高的稳定性和精确度,工作一小时稳定度为2×10~(-3),测量磁化强度的误差为±2%.     

科研简讯

由我校与中国计量科学研究院共同研制的《超导岩样磁力仪》于今年6月通过鉴定。该仪器是以超导量子干涉器(SQUID)作为敏感元件而进行岩样或其他样品的弱磁性测量装置。主要是为岩石磁学、古地磁学和其他弱磁测量服务的。由于此项测量技术是目前磁测灵敏度最高技术,国内无样机,而国民经济各部门又是迫切需要,故本科研成果解决了原     

自动跟踪式核磁共振磁强计

本文介绍的核磁共振磁强计能自动搜索被测磁场值并能跟踪磁场值的变化,同时将被测磁场强度值用数字显示出来。配用低温探头时,可在4.2K低温下测定超导磁体内的磁场强度,测磁范围为1—13.5T,在磁场梯度等△H/H<10~(-4)(1cm~3)时,准确度为5×10~(-5)。配用室温探头时,可测定电磁铁、永磁铁及超导磁体室温孔内的磁场强度,测磁范围为0.03—     

高电导率N型微晶Si:H薄膜的研制

(一) 引言据近几年有关报道,在高RF功率下淀积α—Si:H膜可获得高的电导率。Sanyo小组用SiH_4在高RF功率下淀积n型掺杂α—Si:H膜的特征,暗电导率达2.9(Ω·cm)~(-1),激活能达0.02eV。人们认为这种α—Si:H膜的电导率的提高是由膜的部分晶化引起的,即具有微晶结构。国际上已有人采用这种部分晶化的膜作欧姆接触和窗口材料做成了效率较高的α—Si:H太阳电池。这种新型的α—Si:H膜必将在其它技术上得到重要应用。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物Pr_(0.2)Gd_(0.3)Sr_(0.5)MnO_3的磁性研究

用固相反应法制备了掺杂多晶样品Pr0.2Gd0.3Sr0.5MnO3,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和超导量子磁强计(SQUID)对其磁性进行了研究.研究结果表明:样品的单相性很好,具有单一正交畸变钙钛矿结构,空间群为Pbnm;掺杂后的样品在低温区表现出铁磁态,整个温度区出现了两个磁转变温度点(TC1=305K,TC2=110K);当温度为110~305K时,样品呈现出铁磁-顺磁混合态.     

磁处理对油体系一些性质的影响

本文研究了磁处理对油体系流变性质和结蜡性质的影响。实验证实磁处理可以使油体系的流性指数增加和稠度系数减少,说明磁处理有利于改善油体系的流动性能,最佳的磁感应强度为30～60mT。研究表明,磁处理虽然能加强含蜡煤油的结蜡倾向,但可减少原油的结蜡倾向。影响结蜡倾向的最强的磁感应强度为100mT。本文首次提出用温度指数对比油体系的结蜡倾向。     

磁力研磨的试验研究

本文介绍一种机械加工新工艺.利用永久磁铁及磁性磨料,对难加工材料不锈钢工件内表面进行研磨.用正交试验法试验了磨料粒度、工件转速、磁极间隙等参数对磁力研磨效果的影响.     

利用磁场处理水提高混凝土强度的试验研究

总结了利用磁场处理水提高混凝土强度和减少水泥用量的试验研究结果。在室温下，以某一流动速度的水通过某一强度的磁场时垂直切割磁力线，这种磁场处理水用于搅拌混凝土，可使混凝土的强度提高５％￣１２％，减少水泥用量５％￣１０％，这一成果若推广到生产中，必将产生较大的经济效益。     

一种新的检测磁盘、磁头综合性能的自动测试系统

本文介绍了一种新的检测磁盘及磁头综合性能参数的自动测试系统。本系统用硬件和软件相结合的方法,解决了高速A/D转换关键问题中所采取的二次存贮技术及自动测试和数据处理的GP-IB接口技术问题。本系统能按国家标准及国际标准对磁头、磁盘的性能进行自动检测和分析。     

Tailoring soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys through C addition

It is known that developing Fe-based amorphous alloys with the saturation flux density(B_s) higher than 1.65 T is a major challenge.In present work,effects of C addition on magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were systematically studied.It has been found that the addition of C can significantly increase the saturation flux density(B_s) and the magnetic flux density at 800 A/m(B_(800)) of the Fe-B-C-Si-P amorphous alloys.After the addition of C,the B_s of the amorphous alloys increase from 1.61 T(Fe_(83)B_(13)Si_3 P_1) to 1.65-1.71 T(Fe_(83)B_(13-x)C_xSi_3 P_1,x=1.5,2,3 and 4). The Fe_(83)B_(10)C_3 Si_3 P_1 amorphous alloy possesses excellent soft magnetic properties with high B_s of 1.71 T and low H_c of 1.5 A/m.It shows that density increase of the alloys and weakened metalloid-sp/metal-d bonding caused by C addition contribute to the increment of B_s.It suggests that the newly developed high-performance amorphous alloys possess great potential in application.     

Effect of local hyperthermia induced by nanometer magnetic fluid on the rabbit VX2 liver tumor model

Hyperthermia induced by magnetic nanoparticles is a recent therapeutic approach for local targeting of hyperthermia and thermoablation and is a promising treatment of malignant tumors.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential and therapeutic effect of magnetic fluid hyperthermia on the rabbit VX2 liver tumor model.Rabbits bearing liver tumors 14 days after tumor implantation were randomly divided into five groups of 10 cases each,including three control groups and two hyperthermia groups.Hyperthermia was carried out immediately after a single intratumoral injection of uncoated water-based Fe3O4 magnetic fluid under an alternating magnetic field only once as one hyperthermia group and repeated hyperthermia after 5 days as the other treated group.The distribution of magnetic fluid was evaluated by CT scanning.All animals were sacrificed 4 weeks after tumor implantation.The therapeutic effect was determined by tumor size and macroscopic and pathological examination of the liver tumor.The local higher density imaging of intratumoral magnetic fluid deposits compared to the surrounding tissue was clearly observed by CT scanning.Twenty-eight days after tumor implantation,the tumor maximal diameter and tumor volume of two hyperthermia were both significantly less than those of control groups (P＜0.05).Tumor volume inhibition by single or repeated hyperthermia compared to the three control groups was 71.93-79.91% and 92.34-94.46% (P＜0.05),respectively.Under a microscope,coagulation necrosis was observed in the heated area,which had a clear boundary line with the surrounding tissue.The intratumoral distribution of magnetic nanoparticles,especially in the area of necrosis,appeared much more homogenous than in the untreated ones.This study demonstrates that hyperthermia induced by direct intratumoral injection of magnetic fluid can be used safely,and a well-homogenized distribution of high intratumoral temperature without heating adjacent to normal tissue can be achieved.     

青霉素G酰化酶在磁性复合载体上的固定化及其酶学性质

利用凝胶-溶胶方法对磁性Fe3O4微粒表面进行功能化修饰,制备了表面含氨丙基的磁性复合载体,并通过戊二醛交联制备固定化青霉素G酰化酶(PGA).结果表明,在37℃时,固定化酶水解青霉素G钾盐,制备6-氨基青霉烷酸的表观活性为1 886 IU/g,表观米氏常数K'm＝140 mmol/L,最大反应速度Vmax＝0.45 ...     

磁场处理纸浆料提高纸的机械强度的试验

本文总结了磁场处理纸浆料提高纸的机械强度的试验结果.通过多次重复试验,证明某一浓度、知浆度的纸浆料,在室温下以某一流速通过某一强度的磁场时切割磁力线,可使纸张的机械强度提高10—25%.这一成果若能推广到生产中,必将产生较大的经济效益.     

磁场对玉米花药培养诱导率的影响

磁场对提高玉米花药培养诱导率具有明显作用。不同强度差异显著,以0.12—0.1308T效果最佳。磁场预处理能延长培养花粉的寿命,增加花粉均等分裂的频率和2—细胞雄配子体中营养细胞分裂。对小孢子胚胎发生也有明显影响。