模拟微重力大鼠T淋巴细胞发育异常的初步研究

对模拟空间微重力条件下大鼠T细胞发育受阻的神经免疫调节机理进行初步探究.采用流式细胞检测技术测定模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中不同发育阶段T淋巴细胞的数量变化,用ELISA法测定胸腺组织中去甲肾上腺素(NE)和内源性糖皮质激素(GC)的含量.结果表明模拟微重力模型大鼠出现明显胸腺萎缩(p<0.05),CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^-和CD3⁺CD4^-CD8⁺T细胞数量明显减少(p<0.05);模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中NE和GC含量有升高的趋势.模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中发生了从双阳性T细胞向单阳性T细胞的发育阻滞,这种异常可能与神经内分泌免疫调控相关.     

NLi4+超碱团簇的结构及储氢性能的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（B3LYP）方法,在6-311++G（d,p）基组水平上对NLi₄超碱团簇和NLi₄⁺超碱离子团簇的几何结构和稳定性等物理化学性质进行理论计算,进而研究NLi₄团簇和NLi₄⁺团簇的储氢性能。结果表明：NLi₄团簇和NLi₄⁺团簇结构稳定性均比较高,但是通过理论计算表明NLi₄团簇不能有效吸附氢分子,而NLi₄⁺团簇在吸附氢分子过程中不仅结构稳定,而且NLi₄⁺团簇中的每一个锂原子均可有效吸附3个氢分子,氢分子平均吸附能为1.517~2.931 kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达36.67 wt%,合适的吸附能和较高储氢容量表明NLi₄⁺团簇可有望成为良好的储氢材料。     

Alkalibacterium sp. SL3中α-半乳糖苷酶基因的克隆、表达和性质研究

以大布苏盐碱湖分离菌Alkalibacterium sp. SL3的DNA为模板,利用PCR扩增α-半乳糖苷酶基因(galSL3),构建重组质粒pET-22b-galSL3,转化至大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）诱导表达重组酶（rGalSL3）. 通过镍柱亲和层析分离纯化重组酶,并对纯化的重组酶进行性质研究. 研究表明,纯酶rGalSL3最适pH值为5.5,最适温度为55℃;该酶在pH值 5.0~10.0保持90%以上的剩余酶活,在50℃有非常好的热稳定性. 在0~1.5mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中该酶的酶活基本不受影响,在3.0mol·L^-1 NaCl溶液中有很好的稳定性. Pb²⁺、Ca²⁺、Co²⁺、Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Triton-100和β-mercaptoethanol等对重组酶的活性有明显的促进作用. 该酶水解对硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的K_m、v_max和k_cat分别为(2.64±0.02)μmol·mL^-1、(454.55±0.59)μmol·(mg·min)^-1和(347.73±1.27)s^-1. 重组酶可水解蜜二糖和棉籽糖,不能水解瓜尔豆胶.     

带有临界指数和奇性的椭圆方程正解的存在性

考虑了一类带权的有狄里克莱边界条件的椭圆方程：－div(|x|^－2au)－λ/|x|^2(a+1)u=|x|^－bpu^p－1+μu^－q,其中0∈ΩR^N(N≥3),0≤a－2/2,a≤b,p=2N/N－2(1+a－b),0<λ<(N－2－2a/2)²,0<q<1. 并利用变分方法,在适当μ的情况下,证明方程至少存在两个正的弱解.     

BLim1/2+(m=6、7)团簇的结构及储氢性能的研究

为开发新型储氢材料提供更为丰富的理论基础,采用B3LYP泛函在6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上对BLi₆⁺超碱团簇和BLi₇²⁺超碱土团簇的稳定性结构、电荷分布等方面进行理论研究,进而研究团簇的储氢性能。结果表明：两个离子团簇均比它们所对应的中性团簇均具有较高的动力学稳定性。两个离子团簇中的每个Li原子同时有效吸附2个氢分子,BLi₆⁺团簇中氢分子在团簇表面平均吸附能为0.969~2.162kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达31.56wt%。而BLi₇⁺团簇中氢分子在团簇表面平均吸附能为1.764~3.714kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达32.21wt%。它们的储氢性能表明BLi₆⁺团簇和BLi₇²⁺团簇均有望成为良好的储氢媒介。     

求解一维扩散反应方程的隐式高精度紧致差分格式

提出了一维扩散反应方程的一种隐式高精度紧致差分格式,空间二阶导数采用四阶紧致差分格式进行离散,时间导数采用四阶向后欧拉公式进行离散,格式截断误差为O（τ⁴+h⁴）,即时间和空间都可以达到四阶精度,最后通过数值实验验证了本文方法的精确性和可靠性.     

带约束的增长曲线模型中的可容许线性估计

 对于带约束的增长曲线模型Y=X₁ΘX₂+ε,ε~(0,σ²V I_q),tr(X′₂Θ′X′1NX₁ΘX₂)≤σ²,讨论了可估函数KΘL的可容许性在矩阵损失函数(d-KΘL)(d-KΘL)′下得到了DYF+C线性可容许的充要条件.     

1株嗜碱放线菌的生理学特性研究及其鉴定

 对从青海茶卡盐湖岸土样中分离到的1株生理较特殊的嗜碱放线菌YIM80305的生长pH范围,不同碱性物质KOH,K₂CO₃,NaOH,Na₂CO₃对其生长的影响,耐NaCl,KCl特性进行了研究.同时从形态,细胞壁类型,16SrDNA等方面进行了鉴定.结果发现YIM80305对Na⁺碱性物质有一定依赖性,对K⁺敏感,YIM80305可能是Streptomyces属的1个新种.     

椭圆曲线y2=(x+a)(x2-ax+p)的大整数点

确定椭圆曲线的有理点(尤其大整数点)是数论与算术代数几何中十分有趣的问题。尤其椭圆曲线在密码学等方面的应用中,针对不同的情况,需要构造不同的椭圆曲线。本文在这类椭圆曲线y²=(x+a)(x²-ax+p)中找到了一族有大整数点的椭圆曲线。同时得到了这族椭圆曲线有整数解的充要条件,且给出了8条椭圆曲线的大整数点。     

Li3O+超碱团簇的结构及储氢性能的理论研究

采用杂化密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-311++G (d, p)基组水平上对Li₃O ^{0, +}超碱团簇的几何结构和稳定性进行理论计算,并研究了Li₃O⁺团簇的储氢性能。结果表明,Li₃O⁺团簇结构相比中性Li₃O团簇结构的动力学稳定性要高。氢分子在Li₃O⁺团簇表面能以介于物理吸附与化学吸附之间的形式吸附,每个Li原子最多可以有效吸附三个H₂,储氢质量分数可达33.01 wt%。H₂分子在Li₃O⁺团簇表面的平均吸附能范围为1.959~3.591 kCal/mol,该吸附能满足在近室温条件下可逆吸放氢反应的热力学要求。     

壳聚糖絮凝剂处理废水中的Ag~+

研究了利用壳聚糖絮凝剂絮凝除Ag的方法.考察了pH值、离子溶液浓度、絮凝剂用量以及絮凝时间对去除率的影响.实验结果表明:壳聚糖絮凝除银的适宜pH为7~8;当pH=7~8时,用壳聚糖吸附银离子,水样银质量浓度低于20 mg/L时,除银率达100%.即使高浓度含银水样,其除银率也在99.9%以上;絮凝除银时间4 h为宜,其去除率达99.98%;壳聚糖的加入量过多过少都会影响除银效果.分析了壳聚糖絮凝除银的机理.     

Simultaneous Fluorescence Detection of Mercury(Ⅱ) and Silver Ions Based on Rhodamine B Isothiocyanate and 5-Carboxyfluorescein-ss DNA Modified Probe

A new fluorescence sensor is developed for simultaneous detection of Hg~(2+) and Ag~+. During the detection process,Hg~(2+) forms complexes with the fluorescent dye rhodamine B isothiocyanate(RBITC) modified onto the surface of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs),resulting in RBITC's displacement from the surface of Au NPs and the recovery of fluorescence. Meanwhile,Ag~+ forms “C-Ag~+-C” complex with C-rich 5-carboxyfluorescein(FAM)-ss DNA modified onto the surface of Au NPs,which keeps the fluorescent dye FAM close to the Au NPs and results in quench of fluorescence. The experimental results show a wide linear range and a good sensitivity. The limit of detection is 1.06 nmol/L for Ag~+ and 0.48 nmol/L for Hg~(2+). This detection method is not only easy to operate but also efficient.     

Detection and response mechanism of CN− using Ag2S coated piezoelectric crystal sensor

A new method of determination of trace CN⁻ in water was proposed. A thin film of Ag₂S was electrochemically deposited on both sides of a silver coated piezoelectric crystal. The Ag₂S−Ag films can react with CN⁻ selectively, which causes the frequency shifts of the plezoelectric crystal. The frequency shifts are proportional to the concentration of CN⁻ in the range of 10⁻⁶≈10⁻³ g/L. XPS experiments indicated the sensing film was Ag₂S−Ag. A coordination complex Ag−CN⁻ was formed when Ag₂S−Ag film contacted with solution containing CN⁻ ion. A response mechanism was proposed based on the XPS data. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Hu Jiming: born in Sept, 1952, Professor     

安徽明光凹凸棒石粘土对锶、铯、钴的吸附特性研究

采用静态吸附实验方法,研究了吸附时间、溶液pH值、吸附剂投加量和溶液初始浓度等因素对凹凸棒石粘土吸附Sr₂₊、Cs₊和Co₂₊的性能,并通过等温吸附模型拟合对其吸附过程及吸附机理进行了探讨。结果表明：凹凸棒石粘土对Sr₂₊、Cs₊和Co₂₊的吸附效果依次为Co₂₊ > Cs₊> Sr₂;Freundlich和D-R等温吸附模型能较好地描述凹凸棒石粘土对Sr₂₊、Cs₊和Co₂₊的吸附过程,其中,凹凸棒石粘土对Sr₂₊和Cs₊的吸附以物理吸附为主,而凹凸棒石对Co₂₊的吸附过程以化学吸附为主,并且其吸附方式主要为离子交换的方式发生。     

Molecule modification and mass deposition induced by the implantation of low energy Fe+ ion beams into amino acids

Fe⁺ ion beams with the energy of 110 keV were implanted into films of L(+)-cysteine (HSCH₂CH(NH₂)COOH). One of the single crystals grown in hydrochloric acid solution with the implanted samples through slow evaporation was structurally characterized by the X-ray crystallography. The crystal is monoclinic, space group C2, with a = 1.8534(4) nm, b = 0.5234(1) nm, c = 0.7212(1) nm, β= 103.72°, V = 0.67965(3) nm³, Z = 4, F(000) = 144.0, D{clac} = 1.763 g · cm⁻³, μ(MoK _a = 1.06 mm⁻¹, T = 293(2) K. R = 0.0379, wR = 0.0835 for 660 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The structural formula of the crystal compound is (CH₂CH(NH₂)NO₂)ClFe (M _r = 180.38 u). Products of heavy ion beam irradiation were purified and it was directly confirmed that the implanted Fe⁺ ions had been deposited in the novel molecules. The same doses of Fe⁺ ion beams of the same energy were implanted into films of L(+)-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate. FTIR spectroscopy of the implanted samples proved that some of the original molecules were seriously damaged and significant modifications were induced.     

Recent high-resolution glaciochemical record from a Dasuopu firn core of middle Himalayas

A 16.8 m firn core of middle Himalayas was recovered on the col of Dasuopu glacier in August 2006, being 7000 m above sea level. A total of 317 samples were measured for stable oxygen isotope ratios （6180） and major ion concentrations （Na＋, NH＋, K＋, Mg2＋, Ca2＋, Cl-, SO4^2-, and NO3^-. The firn core dating and seasonal partitioning were carried out based on the marked seasonal variations along the stable oxygen isotopes and crustal species （Ca2＋, Mg2＋） profiles. The multi-parameters and high-resolution glaciochemical data set of Dasuopu firn core recorded the detailed chemical characteristics of pre cipitation in high-elevation region, middle Himalayas, since 1991 A.D., which mainly originated from the crustal and anthropogenic sources, while the sea-salt contribution was minor. The seasonal variability of major ion concentrations was dominated by the seasonal alternation of the prevalent air mass, atmospheric circulation situation and precipitation regime. Linear regression analysis indicated that most of the variance in annual ionic fluxes can be explained by a linear dependence on snow accumulation rate.     

糖蜜酒精废液脱钾树脂的解吸动力学

【目的】研究糖蜜酒精废液脱钾树脂BK-001中K~+的静态解吸过程。【方法】考察洗脱剂温度、浓度及树脂粒径对K~+解吸过程的影响,用动边界模型描述K~+的解吸过程。【结果】确定糖蜜酒精废液脱钾树脂BK-001中K~+的解吸过程为颗粒扩散控制,该反应的表观活化能为40.9kJ/mol,反应级数为1.19,表观频率因子为5.27×10~4 min~(-1),假二级动力学模型更适合描述K~+的解吸过程(R~20.995)。K+解析过程的总动力学方程式为1-3(1-F)~(2/3)+2(1-F)=5.27×104r20[H2SO4]~(1.19)e_((-4.09×10~4))/RT。【结论】脱钾树脂BK-001的解吸动力学方程为糖蜜酒精废液脱钾树脂的再生及钾盐资源的综合利用提供理论依据。     

Depositing Ag3PO4 on WO3 hollow microspheres at room temperature for rapid photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B

A series of WO₃ hollow microspheres decorated with Ag₃PO₄ nanoparticles (APW) composites with Ag₃PO₄:WO₃ mass percentage of 20% (20APW), 30%(30APW), 40%(40APW) and 50% (APW) were successfully synthesized, characterized and tested for the degradation of the Rhodamine B(RhB) under 300 ?W xenon lamp radiation. The photocatalytic results showed that the photocatalytic degradation performances of WO₃ hollow microspheres decorated with Ag₃PO₄ nanoparticles on RhB were significantly enhanced, which were much higher than that of individual Ag₃PO₄ and WO₃. Especially for 40APW, RhB can be completely degraded within 10 ?min. The order of degradation efficiency is 20APW<50APW< 30APW<40APW. The rate constant of 40APW (0.3902 min^?1) is about 81.3 times that of WO₃ (0.0048 min^?1). The diffuse reflection, photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance tests showed that the formation of Ag₃PO₄/WO₃ composite structure broadened the light absorption range, reduced the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes, and decreased the resistance to charge transfer, which are beneficial to the improvement of photocatalytic performance. The capture agent experiments were carried out with 40APW, which specified the primary role of h⁺ and ?O₂^? in the degradation of RhB. The formation of heterojunction between Ag₃PO₄ and WO₃ that effectively separates photogenerated electrons and holes are contributed to the enhancement of photocatalytic properties of APW composites.