葡萄光合作用年周期变化规律的研究

本研究结果表明,石河子地区“早生高墨”葡萄的光合作用在年生长周期中呈不规则的三峰曲线(或称双低谷型曲线),其中,在采果前后,生长后期叶片光合作用较强,且主梢成龄叶的光合速率高于发育枝上的叶片。     

李树的生长特点及修剪方法

李树的适应性强，幼树期生长势较旺，新梢年生长量可达2m，树姿较为直立，萌芽力强，成枝力中等。若任其自然生长，几乎全树80％以上为较长的发育枝，而且骨干枝先端部分易出现3-4个强旺枝条，后部副梢形成很少，只抽生少量短果枝和花束状果枝，容易出现外围密集、内腔空虚的现象，外形似“扫帚状”。这样的树，因前期营养生长占主导地位，结果部位外移，结果能力大大降低。因此，在管理中须采用与其特点相适应的修剪方法，合理调节营养生长和生殖生长。     

PP_（333）对油桃生长、生理和成花的影响

本试验研究了植物生长调节剂ＰＰ３３３（多效唑）对油桃生长、生理动态变化和成花的影响。结果表明，叶面喷施或土壤施入ＰＰ３３３，均可显著地减小油桃单叶面积，增加叶片厚度；抑制新梢生长，增加叶片中叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白质的含量；促进花芽的形成。其中叶面喷施ＰＰ３３３表现药剂吸收利用率低，发挥作用前的“呆滞期”短（１５ｄ左右），抑制新梢生长的持效期也短（１．５～２个月），而土施ＰＰ３３３则表现药剂吸收利用率高，“呆滞期”长（２５～３０ｄ），持效期亦长（达一年之久）。此外，本文还对ＰＰ３３３在桃树上的施用方法、时期和剂量进行了讨论。     

压条在葡萄品种更新应用上的研究

4至5月份将无核白鸡心葡萄的一年生硬枝单芽高接于藤稔葡萄当年抽生的新梢上，成活后无核白鸡心葡萄芽当年萌发抽梢并当年进行压条。不同时期压条试验表明：在新梢半木质化至7月15日前压条，压条植根系生长良好；当年可抽生5--6条新梢，长度达2-3cm。直径0.6-0．8cm以上；解剖显微镜下观察其花芽分化良好；第二年平均单株产量14．0h，且果实品质优良。     

5个枸杞菜品种硬枝扦插成活率及新抽生枝条生长速度的比较

为了探明新选育枸杞菜品种天精3号扦插繁殖难易程度,选用天精3号、天精1号、昌选1号、杭州大叶和宁杞菜1号共5个枸杞菜品种,进行了小区硬枝扦插试验。结果表明,5个枸杞菜品种硬枝扦插成活率存在较大差异,成活率达90%以上的品种有天精3号、昌选1号和天精1号,其中天精3号硬枝扦插成活率高达100%;杭州大叶和宁杞菜1号硬枝扦插成活率低,分别只有28.3%和21.7%。5个枸杞菜品种扦插后新抽生枝条生长速度也存在较大差异,天精3号新抽生枝条生长速度极显著地高于其他品种。天精3号是一个扦插成活率高、生长速度快的枸杞菜新品种。     

“米良1号”生长结果习性与夏季修剪技术

“米良1号”猕猴桃新梢生长强旺，容易形成长枝和徒长枝；一年生枝发梢部位高，结果枝组及村体重心外移。夏季修剪的主要任务是控制新消长势和培养更新枝组。文章最后阐述了具体的夏季修剪技术。     

应用Logistic方程确定杏枝条低温半致死温度的研究

以杏树１年生枝条为材料,对４０个杏品种进行了抗寒性研究。结果表明,电导法测定杏抗寒性结果稳定、可靠。以－２４～－４０℃处理的电解质渗出率,配以Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程、多数品种具有较好的拟合度,方程代表的“Ｓ”型曲线拐点可以看作是杏休眠枝的临界致死温度,对４０个样本用恢复生长法验证与ＬＴ５０结果基本一致。     

红毛丹果实的发育及采后生理研究

研究红毛丹果实的生长发育及采后生理的变化－结果表明：红毛丹果实的生长发育期约为１６～１７周;果实的生长速度呈“Ｓ”型生长曲线;鲜红色或黄色的椭圆形果实大小接近于５ｃｍ×３ｃｍ,是一种甜酸之果,也是一种非骤变型的果实－果实中总的可溶性固形物为质量分数１９－３％－采后果实失水较为严重,通常在室温（２６℃）条件下,果实的保鲜期仅６～７ｄ－将果实装入薄膜袋内,并调节袋内的Ｏ２（体积分数为５％）和ＣＯ２（体积分数为９％）的水平,在低温（１０℃）下贮藏,可使果实的保鲜期延长约４周－     

NaHSO_3在桃树上的应用基础研究

不同浓度ＮａＨＳＯ３在桃树上的应用研究表明，以１００ｐｐｍ效果最佳。于果实膨大期处理３次，能明显提高桃树座果率，单果重，促进新梢生长，改善品质。作者认为，此与ＮａＨＳＯ３多重生理效应相关     

环剥和针刺对李子生长发育的影响

于盛花期和花后１５ｄ对李子进行主干环剥，可有效地抑制新梢生长，提高坐果率和干物重，促进果实生长，两次环剥处理以盛花期剥效果较好。剥后叶内钙、铁含量降低，锌含量变化不明显。此外，针刺对李子的营养生长也有显著抑制作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with