联合特征值和特征子空间投影的信源数估计

高分辨空间谱估计算法中信源数的准确估计是必要前提.文中结合矩阵重构和特征子空间投影方法,提出一种适用于弹载阵列系统的信源数估计算法.将阵列阵元分成相同的2组,求得这2组阵元接收数据的互协方差矩阵并重构信源数估计矩阵,对重构的矩阵特征分解,联合特征子空间投影和特征值加权的方法构造判决函数来估计信源数.理论分析与仿真结果表明:重构矩阵的信号子空间特征值呈平方倍增大,噪声功率得到抑制;算法有效提高了少量快拍数据和低信噪比条件下信源数估计的正确率.     

基于内插阵列变换的相干源测向方法研究

利用内插阵列变换和前/后向空间平滑技术在阵列信号处理中的优点,提出了一种对相干信源进行超分辨测向的有效方法.该方法首先在不同的内插区间将均匀圆阵虚拟成等距均匀线阵,使其阵列流型具有Vandermonde矩阵形式,然后使用基于前/后向空间平滑技术的MUSIC算法对相干信号的波达方向进行有效地估计.该方法的主要优点在于,当相干信源数多于阵元数时仍可有效地估计出相干信源的二维波达方向,并且可实现全方位、无模糊的角度估计.计算机仿真证明了其有效性.     

基于Bootstrap技术的相干信源数估计

针对信号源相干的问题,采用空间平滑技术对信号源去相关得到等效协方差矩阵,提出2种信源数检测的方法,一种是基于等效协方差矩阵特征值的一系列假设检验,另一种是将等效阵列信号协方差矩阵分别投影到信号的特征子空间和噪声的特征子空间,以特征空间投影为基础的假设检验。数据的分布未知,并且应用Bootstrap方法估计零假设下提出的检测统计量的分布。通过信噪比(RSN)、快拍数、角度分辨率变化等情况下的仿真,验证所提方法的有效性。研究结果表明:所提算法在低信噪比及小样本数量的情况下,性能比其他算法的性能好。     

宽带循环平稳近场源定位算法

提出一种基于极化敏感阵列的宽带循环平稳近场源方向角和距离二维参数估计算法.采用均匀线阵,根据阵列偶极子对的输出数构造循环自相关矩阵,通过传播算子理论分解子空间,估计噪声子空间的最小二乘解,进而构造MUSIC空间谱函数,通过谱峰搜索估计信源的位置信息.仿真试验证明了本文算法的有效性.     

基于角信号子空间的波达方向估计方法

常规多信号分类(MUSIC)在估计信号或噪声子空间时未利用阵列的方向矢量信息.为改善波达方向(DOA)估计性能,提出一种新的角信号子空间概念.首先,由Gram行列式和超维空间中多面体体积公式,给出常规MUSIC方法的几何解释.其次,利用阵列响应矢量扩展观测数据矩阵,在每个搜索方向由增广数据矩阵的奇异值分解获得角信号子空间估计.理论分析表明,常规MUSIC零谱相当于超维空间中由阵列观测数据矢量和搜索方向矢量决定的多面体体积.仿真实验表明,利用角信号子空间能够较明显地改善DOA估计性能,特别是信号相关、信噪比较低以及快摄数较小的情况.     

四四元数域低秩逼近及其在矢量阵列波达方向和估计中的应用

提出了新的多元数概念——四四元数,以及四四元数框架下特征分解和奇异值分解等信号处理领域常用的矩阵运算新规则.在此基础上提出了四四元数矩阵的一种低秩逼近算法,并将其用于矢量传感器阵列信号建模及波达方向(DOA)估计中.结果表明,四四元数特征分解及奇异值分解能获得比现有方法更好的低秩逼近性能,基于四四元数模型的矢量传感器阵列信号DOA估计算法,在资源占用、子空间逼近以及对模型误差的鲁棒性等方面均明显优于传统算法.     

一种水声宽带双曲调频信号波达方向估计方法

提出了一种基于短时分数阶傅里叶变换的水下宽带双曲调频信号波达方向估计方法.建立了均匀线列阵声呐远场宽带双曲调频信号接收数据模型,在时域将接收信号进行分时段处理,对每一段短时信号分别进行分数阶傅里叶变换,将时域阵列接收数据转化成多段短时分数阶傅里叶域阵列数据,同时将多个时段的时变阵列流形矩阵变换成与每个时段一一对应的多个固定阵列流形矩阵.利用多重信号分类算法估计各短时信号的空间谱,应用求和运算进一步得到整体时段双曲调频信号空间谱,通过谱峰搜索实现对双曲调频信号的波达方向估计.通过仿真实验与分析,对该方法的水声双曲调频信号波达方向估计的有效性进行了验证,分析了该方法在阵列接收信号时域分段数、信噪比、目标方位等参数变化条件下的性能.与传统方法相比,该方法具有更高的方位分辨率和估计精度.     

非线性模型中Bootstrap M-估计量的a.s收敛性

本文利用Efron’s提出的Bootstrap方法,建立了Bootstrap M估计的a.s后收敛性.     

广义信号子空间拟合角度-极化联合估计

针对相干信号波达方向(DOA)和极化参数的同时估计问题,提出了适用于任意结构极化敏感阵列和完全/部分极化信号源的广义信号子空间拟合方法.该方法利用空间相位矩阵和信号极化矢量之间的线性关系,借助信号子空间旋转矩阵的适当分离实现了角度和极化参数的解耦,使得DOA估计和极化参数估计可分别通过唯角度和唯极化搜索获得.与传统子阵平滑信号解相干方法不同,广义信号子空间拟合方法对阵列结构无特殊要求,且不存在孔径损失问题.仿真结果表明,广义信号子空间拟合方法在低信噪比和短快拍数条件下性能均要优于空间平滑和极化平滑两种传统方法.     

选择重尾阈值k的Bootstrap方法

详细讨论了重尾指数估计中选取k的Sum-plot方法和Bootstrap方法,并对Hall提出的Bootstrap方法作了改进,称为M-Bootstrap方法.并利用上述三种方法对已知重尾分布进行Monte-Carlo模拟,研究它们的可行性,比较它们的稳健性,改进的M-Bootstrap方法对重尾指数的估计在某些情况下优于Bootstrap方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with