加急订单扰动的多目标柔性作业车间动态调度问题研究

为了快速应对柔性作业车间生产过程中出现的突发状况,构建了一种以全局任务最大生产完成时间、机器负载和能耗为优化目标的多目标柔性作业车间动态调度模型。针对上述模型,采用适用于动态调度的动态交互层(DIL),在此基础上设计了多目标粒子群遗传算法(MOPSGA)。采用精英基因序列化策略和基因池选拔策略增加帕累托非支配解集个数和质量,再重新评估、获取帕累托非支配解集。针对柔性作业车间加急订单的意外状况,采用DIL与MOPSGA相结合的方法求解动态调度问题。仿真实验结果验证了DIL处理紧急订单的能力和MOPSGA的有效性。     

考虑班次约束的Job Shop等量分批调度算法

为解决产品种类多、中小批量的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题,提出了一种基于等量分批方法的多目标柔性分批启发式调度算法。考虑了实际生产中的班次作息时间等约束,采用FIFS与EDD、SPT及OSPT策略相结合的多种分派规则,使得算法在优先调度空闲机床的情况下,根据不同的分派策略得出短批次优先、短订单优先、交货时间优先的三种调度结果,决策者可根据三种调度结果的性能选择最适合的调度方案。实例计算结果表明,该算法是高效、可行的。     

改进人工免疫算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

柔性作业车间的合理调度是提高生产效率和效益的关键,为了解决柔性作业车间调度问题求解过程中的难题,提出一种改进人工免疫算法的柔性作业车间调度方法.首先对当前柔性作业车间调度的研究现状进行分析,然后基于总加工时间最短构建数学模型,采用人工免疫算法进行求解,并针对标准人工免疫算法存在的不足,引入粒子群算法保持种群的多样性,以避免出现局部最优解,最后采用标准算例集对算法的性能进行仿真测试.结果表明,相对于其他算法,改进人工免疫算法获得了较优的柔性作业车间调度方案,尤其在解决大规模问题时,优势更加显著.     

基于遗传算法的网络化制造车间调度

针对卷铁芯变压器网络化制造车间的调度问题,给出了调度系统的整体框架,将这个网络化制造系统分为两层调度体系.上层调度体系负责各车间生产任务的部署,下层车间级的调度为各具体生产环节的执行.以剪裁车间的生产加工为例,提出了一种基于改进遗传算法的调度模型,在基于作业的编码方法上融入了基于机器分配的编码方法,并据此设计了相应的交叉变异操作,兼顾了生产成本和生产时间两个目标,有效地解决了多目标优化问题.     

车间生产调度中动态小生境协同进化算法

车间生产调度是企业生产的重要环节。为避免遗传算法在求解多车间协同调度时早期成熟和陷入局部最优解,以及收敛速度慢的问题,特引入一种基于动态小生境集的多种群协同进化模型。在基于工序的染色体编码方法的基础上,利用交叉算子和变异算子调整加工顺序和多工艺路线选择。融合动态小生境集技术和多种群协同进化方法,实现多工艺路线下多车间协同生产调度的优化求解。实验表明,该方法具有良好的优越性。     

应用需求时间窗的柔性作业车间调度优化模型

为解决拉动式生产模式下准时交货给生产调度带来的困难,提出了一种基于需求时间窗的柔性作业车间调度问题优化方法。首先,根据工件的需求时间窗口,构建了一种以工件完工时间平均隶属度最大为目标函数的柔性作业车间调度问题优化模型。然后,针对模型提出并设计了一种基于多阶段混合变异的禁忌搜索算法。为增强算法收敛性,利用逆序变异和基因段交换变异找到较好的初解,在此基础上利用基因交换变异继续搜索优解。最后,通过在某多品种小批量生产车间的应用验证了该方法有效性。     

量子进化算法在柔性作业车间调度问题中的应用

针对柔性作业车间调度完工时间最小化问题,提出了一种基于量子计算的量子进化算法。根据柔性作业车间调度问题的特点,设计出基于工序编码和基于机器编码的量子编码及解码方法。引入动态旋转角策略和跳跃基因算子,并通过实例验证了算法的有效性。     

基于多工艺方案的车间作业计划方法研究

对工艺设计与生产调度集成的必要性和可行性进行了分析，讨论了工艺设计与车间作业计划之间的关系，针对多品种小批量的单件生产车间提出启发式的车间作业计划方法， 决策基于多工艺方案，可替代机床和调度规划，生产车间作业计划，并能及时对车间作业计划进行评价和调整，在此基础上，建立了基于多工艺方案的车间生产作业计划决策系统。     

基于多工艺方案的车间作业计划方法研究

对工艺设计与生产调度集成的必要性和可行性进行了分析，讨论了工艺设计与车间作业计划之间的关系．针对多品种小批量的单件生产车间提出启发式的车间作业计划方法，其决策基于多工艺方案、可替代机床和调度规则，生成车间作业计划，并能及时对车间作业计划进行评价和调整．在此基础上，建立了基于多工艺方案的车间生产作业计划决策系统     

多目标模糊柔性作业车间调度问题优化

为降低柔性作业车间调度中的能耗,针对实际制造车间中工序加工时间和交货期的不确定性,将加工时间和交货期采用模糊数表示,建立以完工时间、平均满意度和最小满意度为柔性作业车间调度问题的多目标函数。同时设计了邻域遗传算法(GANS)求解该问题,算法采用机器选择的方法产生初始种群,并采用工序插入式方法对染色体进行解码;采用动态交叉概率及改进精英保留策略来保证种群的多样性和加快算法的收敛速度;并提出一种基于移动模糊关键工序的邻域结构来加强算法的局部搜索能力。最后通过数值实验验证了模型和算法的有效性和可行性,并对4个基准问题进行测试。结果表明:该算法在求解的精度、鲁棒性和解集的分布性方面与传统算法相比具有一定的优势,是一种有效的求解模糊柔性作业车间调度问题的新方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the