基于高斯混合及相对熵测度的图像分割

针对图像分割问题,结合高斯混合模型与信息论中的相对熵测度概念,提出一种新的图像阈值化方法。在提出方法中把图像阈值化问题看成是两个概率向量之间的匹配问题,因此首先用高斯混合模型去拟合图像直方图的灰度级分布,然后用相对熵测度去度量拟合分布与图像原灰度级分布之间的差异,并把该度量作为图像阈值化的准则函数。在对图像实施分割时,通过在图像灰度级范围中求取所定义的准则函数的最小值获得最佳阈值。在NDT、SAR及红外图像上的分割实验中用提出方法与传统及最新的图像阈值化方法进行比较,结果表明提出方法获得的结果要优于相比较方法获得的分割结果,因此提出方法是一种有效的图像分割方法。     

A parametric fitting algorithm for segmentation of cell images

This paper presents a parametric fitting algorithm for segmentation of cervical and breast cell images from cytology smears. A parametric elliptical model for cells is introduced and the parameters adjusted to fit the cell shapes while minimizing a cost function. Segmentation results of noisy human cervical cell and textured breast cell images demonstrate that the proposed parametric fitting algorithm is very successful in segmentation of images of both nonoverlapped and overlapped elliptically shaped cells     

Two-dimensional extension of variance-based thresholding for image segmentation

Variance-based thresholding method is a very effective technology for image segmentation. However, its performance is limited in traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional scheme. In this paper, a novel two-dimensional variance thresholding scheme to improve image segmentation performance is proposed. The two-dimensional histogram of the original and local average image is projected to one-dimensional space in the proposed scheme firstly, and then the variance-based criterion is constructed for threshold selection. The experimental results on bi-level and multilevel thresholding for synthetic and real-world images demonstrate the success of the proposed image thresholding scheme, as compared with the Otsu method, the two-dimensional Otsu method and the minimum class variance thresholding method.     

基于Sugeno补的广义模糊熵阈值分割方法

鉴于传统的基于模糊熵的图像阈值分割方法对于光照不均匀图像的分割结果很不理想,该文提出了基于Sugeno补的广义模糊熵图像阈值分割方法。首先按照Sugeno补函数不动点的变化,对一幅图像产生9个阈值,然后利用图像分割质量评价指标对这9个阈值进行评价,最后选择使得评价指标最大的阈值作为最优的阈值。与传统的模糊熵阈值分割方法相比,新方法增加了选择更好的分割结果的机会,对于光照不均匀的图像能够获得比传统模糊熵方法更好的分割效果。     

基于可变参数化几何模型的SAR图像飞机目标特征提取方法

基于飞机目标的轮廓特点和成像特性,提出了一种基于可变参数化几何模型的合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像飞机目标特征提取方法。首先,利用飞机目标的先验知识构造一个描述飞机目标外形轮廓的参数化模型;然后,对于输入的实测飞机目标切片图像,构建目标函数来度量模型与实测图像中目标区域的拟合程度,通过遗传算法求解最优参数;最后,在最优参数模型的基础上计算目标的几何特征。基于仿真和实测数据的实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于遗传算法的最大熵阈值的图像分割

图像阈值分割技术在图像分析和图像识别中具有重要的意义.最大熵方法具有很多优点,但同时也存在弱点:需要大量的运算时间,特别是在计算多阈值时.因此需要引入优化算法.文中将遗传算法用于最大熵阈值的图像分割方法中,分别对一维及二维阈值分割的情况进行讨论,并提出了一种基于改进型遗传算法的最大熵阈值图像分割方法. 通过对几幅经典图像的分割结果对比,表明了基于遗传算法的最大熵阈值的图像分割方法可以有效地提高最大熵图像分割的计算速度,提高图像处理的实时性.     

烟花算法在SAR图像属性散射中心参数估计中的应用

针对合成孔径雷达（SAR）属性散射中心估计问题,提出基于烟花算法的方法。首先,在图像域对SAR图像中高能量区域进行分割解耦,获得单个独立散射中心在图像域的表现形式。在此基础上,以属性散射中心参数化模型为基础,构建优化问题,对分离出来的单个散射中心进行最优参数的搜索。在此阶段,引入烟花算法进行参数寻优。该算法具有强大的全局和局部搜索能力,在保证优化精度的条件下避免陷入局部最优,从而保证散射中心参数估计的可靠性。在原始图像中剔除求解后的单个散射中心,对残余图像进行高能量区域分割,序惯估计下一个散射中心的属性参数。最终,获取输入SAR图像上所有散射中心的参数集。实验中,首先基于MSTAR数据集中的SAR图像进行参数估计验证,通过参数估计结果与原始图像的对比以及基于估计参数集对原始图像进行重构,反映了提出算法的有效性。此外,实验还基于估计得到的属性参数进行SAR目标识别算法验证,通过与其他参数估计算法在相同条件下进行识别性能的对比,进一步体现了提出方法在属性散射中心参数估计上的性能优势。     

A novel statistical image thresholding method

Classic statistical thresholding methods based on maximizing between-class variance and minimizing class variance fail to achieve satisfactory results when segmenting a kind of image, where variance discrepancy between the object and background classes is large. The reason is that they take only class variance sum of some form as criterions for threshold selection, but neglect discrepancy of the variances. In this paper, a novel criterion combining the above two factors is proposed to eliminate the described limitation for classic statistical approaches and improve segmentation performance. The proposed method determines the optimal threshold by minimizing the criterion. The method was compared with several classic thresholding methods on a variety of images including some NDT images and laser cladding images, and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

Modified Fuzzy Linear Discriminant Analysis for Threshold Selection

Otsu’s thresholding method is a popular and efficient method for image segmentation. However, its performance is greatly affected by noise and the population size of object and background. In this paper, a novel thresholding method is proposed based on modified fuzzy linear discriminant analysis (MFLDA). MFLDA is an extension of linear discriminant analysis to fuzzy domain, where the between-class variance is modified as the distance between the centers of background and object. The optimal threshold is selected such that the MFLDA criterion is maximized. Some images are used to test the performance of the proposed thresholding method and results reveal that the proposed method is less affected by noise, the population size of objects and background, and better segmentation results are obtained than Otsu’s method and other classical thresholding methods.     

A new criterion for automatic multilevel thresholding

A new criterion for multilevel thresholding is proposed. The criterion is based on the consideration of two factors. The first one is the discrepancy between the thresholded and original images and the second one is the number of bits required to represent the thresholded image. Based on a new maximum correlation criterion for bilevel thresholding, the discrepancy is defined and then a cost function that takes both factors into account is proposed for multilevel thresholding. By minimizing the cost function, the classification number that the gray-levels should be classified and the threshold values can be determined automatically. In addition, the cost function is proven to possess a unique minimum under very mild conditions. Computational analyses indicate that the number of required mathematical operations in the implementation of our algorithm is much less than that of maximum entropy criterion. Finally, simulation results are included to demonstrate their effectiveness.     

球状重叠区域图像分割与参数统计算法研究

研究了重叠区域图像分割和参数统计的算法 ,提出综合利用阈值法和距离变换 ,并采用所设计的两个计算流程在对图像进行分割的同时完成参数统计。计算机模拟结果表明 ,整个算法不需要人工干预 ,易于软件和硬件实现     

Optimal Threshold Selection for Tomogram Segmentation by Projection Distance Minimization

Grey value thresholding is a segmentation technique commonly applied to tomographic image reconstructions. Many procedures have been proposed to optimally select the grey value thresholds based on the tomogram data only (e.g., using the image histogram). In this paper, a projection distance minimization (PDM) method is presented that uses the tomographic projection data to determine optimal thresholds. These thresholds are computed by minimizing the distance between the forward projection of the segmented image and the measured projection data. An important contribution of the current paper is the efficient implementation of the forward projection method, which makes the use of the original projection data as a segmentation criterion feasible. Simulation experiments applied to various phantom images show that our proposed method obtains superior results compared to established histogram-based projection data methods.     

Hybrid threshold optimization between global image and local regions in image segmentation for melasma severity assessment

Melasma image segmentation plays a fundamental role for computerized melasma severity assessment. A method of hybrid threshold optimization between a given image and its local regions is proposed and used for melasma image segmentation. An analytic optimal hybrid threshold solution is obtained by minimizing the deviation between the given image and its segmented outcome. This optimal hybrid threshold comprises both local and global information around image pixels and is used to develop an optimal hybrid thresholding segmentation method. The developed method is firstly evaluated based on synthetic images and subsequently used for melasma segmentation and severity assessment. Statistical evaluations of experimental results based on real-world melasma images show that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art thresholding segmentation methods for melasma severity assessment.     

融合改进FT显著性与Grabcut的图像目标分割算法

针对目前复杂度较大的图像中目标分割速度较慢、显著性边界分割不明确等问题,提出了一种融合改进的FT（Frequency-tuned）显著性检测与Grabcut的图像分割算法。该算法首先通过改进基于频率调谐的FT显著性检测方法得到图像中显著性较高的区域,并利用SLIC（Simple Linear Iterative Clustering）算法对显著图进行预处理得到超像素图,能够有效改善边界的分割效果,然后通过以图论GraphCut算法为基础改进的Grabcut算法建立高斯混合模型。为了提高算法效率,通过聚类以超像素代替原像素,并反复迭代高斯混合模型（Gaussian Mixed Model,GMM）参数,最后利用最大流最小割算法得到最优目标分割结果。实验结果表明所提算法能够更准确更高效率地分割图像中的显著性目标,对高分辨率图像也有很好的适用效果,相比于其他算法在分割精度上提高10%左右,并具有较高的分割效率。     

Segmentation of kidney from ultrasound images based on texture and shape priors

This paper presents a novel texture and shape priors based method for kidney segmentation in ultrasound (US) images. Texture features are extracted by applying a bank of Gabor filters on test images through a two-sided convolution strategy. The texture model is constructed via estimating the parameters of a set of mixtures of half-planed Gaussians using the expectation-maximization method. Through this texture model, the texture similarities of areas around the segmenting curve are measured in the inside and outside regions, respectively. We also present an iterative segmentation framework to combine the texture measures into the parametric shape model proposed by Leventon and Faugeras. Segmentation is implemented by calculating the parameters of the shape model to minimize a novel energy function. The goal of this energy function is to partition the test image into two regions, the inside one with high texture similarity and low texture variance, and the outside one with high texture variance. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through experimental results on both natural images and US data compared with other image segmentation methods and manual segmentation.     

基于Tsallis交叉熵快速迭代的河流遥感图像分割

为了使河流遥感图像分割的精度和速度进一步提高,本文提出了一种基于二维Tsallis交叉熵快速迭代的河流遥感图像分割方法。鉴于现有的Tsallis交叉熵阈值法运算效率不够高,首先提出了一维Tsallis交叉熵阈值选取的快速迭代算法;然后导出了基于灰度级—邻域平均灰度级直方图的Tsallis交叉熵阈值选取公式,以进一步提高分割精度,并采用递推方式计算阈值选取准则函数中的中间变量,避免其重复运算,加快运算速度;最后,提出了二维Tsallis交叉熵阈值选取的快速迭代算法,推导出相应的公式,大大减少了运算量。大量实验结果表明,与近年来提出的4种阈值分割方法相比,本文方法在对河流遥感图像的分割效果及运行时间上均有明显优势,是河流检测与类型识别系统中可选择的一种快速有效的分割方法。      

ON MARKOV RANDOM FIELD MODELS FOR SEGMENTATION OF NOISY IMAGES

Markov random field(MRF) models for segmentation of noisy images are discussed. According to the maximum a posteriori criterion, a configuration of an image field is regarded as an optimal estimate of the original scene when its energy is minimized. However, the minimum energy configuration does not correspond to the scene on edges of a given image, which results in errors of segmentation. Improvements of the model are made and a relaxation algorithm based on the improved model is presented using the edge information obtained by a coarse-to-fine procedure. Some examples are presented to illustrate the applicability of the algorithm to segmentation of noisy images.     

基于图割和视域相关性的立体图像分割

立体图像分割是对象基立体图像处理中的关键和难点。基于改进Grabcut图割算法和视域相关性,提出一种新的立体图像分割算法。首先基于改进Slic方法将左图像转换成超像素图像,然后基于Grabcut框架通过重新定义能量函数对其分割以提取出左图像目标。最后,基于左右图像的视域相关性通过融合颜色和纹理特征的轮廓匹配提取右图像目标。实验结果表明,与现有方法相比,所提算法能获得更高的分割效率和更准确的分割结果。     

白冠自动识别算法的比较、改进及应用研究

海洋白冠是一种典型的海表现象,对白冠覆盖率(WC)的研究具有重要的科学意义和实用价值.基于数字图像处理的白冠自动识别技术具有快速、高效、低成本和大批量的特点,对比分析了自动提取白冠算法、自适应阈值分割算法和迭代类间方差算法等自动识别算法对海面图像的处理结果,针对光照不均的海面图像提出了应用顶帽变换和图像增强的光照校正改进算法,来消除阳光反射带来的负面影响和运算不稳定.对船拍视频应用该改进算法,在光照不均时,增强了原三种算法的鲁棒性,有效提高了WC的计算正确率,有利于自动化处理视频序列图像.