多元文化视域下的文化表征设计方法研究

目的研究设计中技术迁移和文化表征机制以及两者之间关系,为区域文化建设以及文化创新设计提供可借鉴的思路与方法。方法通过对文化、符号以及技术3个方面进行分析,加深对文化价值、符号式文化表征、技术迁移过程以及技术迁移下设计现象的理解与认知,提出意义介入下的文化表征设计方法。结论意义赋予是文化表征过程中的重要内容,在设计中,意义赋予的过程既是对事物诠释的过程,也是明确和回归文化视角以及立场的过程;技术发展路径是脱离已有情景式的发展路径,单纯通过技术迁移实现文化表征是比较难以达到的。另外,通过符号式的文化表征方法可以实现对某种文化的标记,并发挥辨识作用,但要通过符号式文化表征实现对该文化的了解,是比较困难的。     

聚醚醚酮砜共聚物的合成及表征

用二氯二苯砜、二氟二苯砜、二羟基二苯酮钠盐和对苯二酚钠盐作为单体在环丁砜中制得无规共聚物系列——高分子量聚醚醚酮砜(COPEEKS)。这些聚合物由比浓粘度、~(18)C核磁共振测量、示差扫描量热法、热重分析、介电谱分析等表征,并指出这些聚合物完全是对位化合物,从Vlctrex PEEK的143℃(T_8)到Victrex PES的225℃(T_8),温度的变化仅有一个T_8温度,介电常数大于35,介电损耗小于10~(-3),体积电阻约为10~(17),因此该共聚物热稳定性和电绝缘性能比Victrex PES和PEEK更好,是优异的电绝缘材料。     

即时通讯软件的线上群组中用户参与行为及动机研究

目的探索用户在即时通讯软件上的线上群组(微信群、QQ群等)中的参与行为差异及个人动机效用。方法采用问卷调查法回收了501份问卷,了解用户参与线上群组聊天的基本情况;采用访谈法对24名不同年级和专业的大学生进行访谈,运用NVivo对访谈数据进行开放式编码处理,对定性分析结果进行讨论。结果 (1)个人动机中的信息需求是不同群组中用户参与行为的决定性动机,社交需求是次要动机,娱乐性和自我效能感是辅助动机;(2)在轻松语境下,通过增加互动满足社交需求,娱乐性是次要动机。向严肃语境转变后,用户通过减少互动避免冲突来满足社交需求,娱乐性的影响效用降低,自我效能感的影响效用提高;(3)线上和线下群组中,用户和陌生群组成员的交流互动存在差异。结论用户在不同线上群组和不同语境下的参与行为存在差异,且其影响因素的效用是动态变化的。本文有助于更好地理解用户在线上群组中的参与行为,为提升用户在线上群组中的参与度,使得更多的群组成员从中受益提供理论基础。     

ANI-DPA聚合物膜的合成及其表征

在较佳工艺条件下,合成了超细单分散氨基功能化球形SiO2,其结构采用红外光谱、X衍射线能谱进行表征,其颗粒大小、形貌及表面形态采用扫描电子显微镜进行观测.最佳合成条件为,球状SiO2(Ⅰ):TEOS 20mL、氨水5mL、正己醇20mL、水3mL、环己烷75mL、TritonX-100 20mL,于25℃反应24h.氨基功能化硅烷(Ⅱ):产物Ⅰ2.5g、甲苯100mL、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷3mL,于110℃甲苯回流24h.     

超细单分散氨基功能化球形SiO2颗粒的合成与表征

在较佳工艺条件下,合成了超细单分散氨基功能化球形SiO2,其结构采用红外光谱、X衍射线能谱进行表征,其颗粒大小、形貌及表面形态采用扫描电子显微镜进行观测.最佳合成条件为,球状SiO2(Ⅰ):TEOS 20mL、氨水5mL、正己醇20mL、水3mL、环己烷75mL、TritonX-100 20mL,于25℃反应24h.氨基功能化硅烷(Ⅱ):产物Ⅰ2.5g、甲苯100mL、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷3mL,于110℃甲苯回流24h.     

球状纳米BiOCl光催化剂的合成和光催化性能研究

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和KCl为原料,乙二醇为溶剂,通过溶剂热法合成了BiOCl系列材料,同时对BiOCl进行了XRD和SEM表征,表征结果表明经溶剂热法合成的BiOCl产品纯净,形貌为1.5~4.0μm的球状结构。实验表明,BiOCl的最佳合成条件为:合成时间10h,合成温度160℃,该条件下得到的BiOCl对罗丹明B的降解率在15min时达到97.38%。     

共沉淀法合成球形正极材料xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2(x=0.2、0.4、0.6)及其性能研究

以氨水作为络合剂,采用氢氧化物共沉淀法合成了球形富锂锰基正极材料xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2(x=0.2、0.4和0.6),并对合成的不同组分样品材料的化学成分、结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,样品材料的化学组分与其理论含量相同,随着x 的增大,材料的粒度变小,在电压范围为2.5~4.6V条件下进行充放电性能测试时,材料的首次充放电容量随着x 值减小而增加,且当x=0.2时,材料在不同倍率条件下具有最大的放电容量。     

共沉淀法合成球形正极材料xLi2MnO3·（1-x）Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2（x=0.2、0.4、0.6）及其性能研究

以氨水作为络合剂,采用氢氧化物共沉淀法合成了球形富锂锰基正极材料xLi2MnO3·(1-x)Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2(x=0.2、0.4和0.6),并对合成的不同组分样品材料的化学成分、结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,样品材料的化学组分与其理论含量相同,随着x的增大,材料的粒度变小,在电压范围为2.5~4.6V条件下进行充放电性能测试时,材料的首次充放电容量随着x值减小而增加,且当x=0.2时,材料在不同倍率条件下具有最大的放电容量。     

纳米Cr_2O_3粉体的制备及表征

以Cr(NO_3)_3·9H_2O、氨水和乙醇为原料,采用沉淀法在不同温度下合成了纳米Cr_2O_3粉体,并运用场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射、热重-动态差热分析、红外光谱等手段对粉体进行表征。结果表明,Cr(OH)_3在450℃已经生成Cr_2O_3,经过800℃煅烧30min可获得平均粒径为70～100nm的Cr_2O_3粉体。     

第七届全国膜与膜过程学术报告会征文启事和第一轮会议通知

由杭州水处理技术研究开发中心和浙江大学膜与水处理技术教育部工程研究中心共同承办的第七届全国膜与膜过程学术报告会定于2011年11月上旬在杭州举行.一.征文要求和内容(1)膜材料、膜制备方法与膜结构性能表征;(2)膜过程传质、传热基础研究;(3)反渗透、纳滤、超滤、微滤;(4)气体分离、     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.