我国采矿业“走出去”现状及政策建议

为满足生态文明建设需求,保障国家战略性矿产资源安全,需坚持并加大矿业“走出去”力度。通过搜集2010—2021年我国采矿业对外直接投资并购数量、金额和对外直接投资流量、存量及投资者等变化情况,在查明我国采矿业对外直接投资现状及存在问题的基础上提出了政策建议。目前,我国采矿业投资“走出去”的国家遍及全球,但是受投资周期长、资金量大、社会环境复杂及管理文化差异等因素影响,境外矿业投资正处于诸多矛盾凸显和转型发展期,对外直接投资额度下降,投资主体由国有企业为主转型多元化。因此,构建与完善矿业“走出去”政策体系具有现实意义：发挥国家主导力,制定全球矿产资源战略,加强国际矿业合作,参与构建全球矿业管理新秩序;完善境外矿业投资的财税支持促进政策体系,惠及民营企业及中小企业;完善境外矿业投资保险体系,建立国家境外投资安全风险监测和预警机制;完善境外矿业投资服务体系,发挥矿业资本市场在全球资源配置中的作用;建立相关人才培养机制,降低企业管理风险。     

中国企业境外矿业投资存在的问题及建议

本文分析了当前中国企业境外矿业投资存在的问题,并提出相关建议。通过分析发现,当前矿产资源国际合作面临的政治风险较大,合作项目经济条件差,竞争对手实力强大,而相关企业缺乏国际化人才,在国际竞争中单打独斗,使得中国企业境外矿业投资面临不利的形势。建议企业走出去应加强科学决策,通过控制股比分散风险,通过履行社会责任赢得当地尊重,通过机制创新提高对人才的吸引力,实现境外投资和运营的可持续发展。     

我国境外矿业投资面临的形势、现状与建议

面对我国工业化、城镇化发展对矿产资源的强劲需求形势,开发利用境外矿产资源是保障我国资源安全的必然要求。当前,我国境外矿业投资既面临难得的政策与市场机遇,也面临国际矿业竞争加剧、"走出去"便利化程度不足等挑战。国际金融危机以来,我国境外矿业投资发展迅速,呈现向发达国家和地区转移,以油气、铁、铜等为主要目标矿种,多元投资主体共同发展等特点。建议加强全球资源战略研究与布局,健全境外矿业投资支撑服务体系,坚持互利共赢的"走出去"模式,进一步促进我国境外矿业投资发展。     

关于新一轮矿业“走出去”的思考

国家提出"走出去"战略已经十几年,企业在"走出去"的过程中遇到了很多挑战。在新的历史时期,矿业企业"走出去"的不确定性将变大,风险也会变大。本文指出矿山尽职调查的基本要求、投资境外"资源类项目"、并购重组以及"一带一路"条件下企业"走出去"应该注意的问题。在此基础上,分析了新一轮矿业"走出去"应该注意的因素和防范风险的要点,认为企业"走出去"要有计划地布局,有目标地筛选和有准备地实施。因此,矿业企业需要做到依法治企,才能有效地防范"一带一路"战略下"走出去"的风险。     

2018年我国矿产资源勘查开发“走出去”形势分析

矿产勘查开发“走出去”是提升国家能源资源安全保障能力和全球治理能力的重要举措。2018年,我国境外矿产勘查投入持续下滑,社会投资信心不足,地勘单位“走出去”动力减弱。另一方面,采矿业对外投资并购则触底回暖,大额股权投资频现。境外矿山项目覆盖六大洲,矿业国际产能合作取得一定成效,成为推进“一带一路”建设的重要力量。矿业领域“走出去”企业的性质和投资内容多元化格局正在形成,民营企业发展迅速。重要资源国矿业政策密集修改,国家大力扶持建立境外产能合作产业园区,关键矿产成为全球关注热点等新情况的出现使未来矿产勘查开发“走出去”机遇与挑战并存。     

2014年矿产资源形势基本特点

2014年,全球矿业下滑,矿业市场形势持续低迷。我国采矿业固定资产投资增速为10年以来最低值,矿产品生产微增,对外贸易稳定增长,大宗短缺矿产进口持续增加,重要矿产品价格明显下跌。我国矿业市场下行压力大,整体形势不容乐观。未来大部分矿产品价格持续下行,使得企业投资成本减少,重组并购事件会有所加剧。我们应抓住矿业调整的机遇期,借助我国高铁"走出去"政策,加强与周边国家的矿业合作。     

南非矿业投资环境分析

当前,我们国家鼓励和引导国内矿业企业积极参与矿业投资国际合作,实施"走出去"战略,因此,矿业企业需要掌握相关国家的矿业投资环境。本文概述了南非矿产资源禀赋情况,与我国的经贸往来,分析了南非矿业政策和信贷政策、基础设施和社会治安状况,认为在南非投资矿业开发目前还存在着较大的风险,我们国家矿业企业在抓住机遇的同时更需要回避风险。     

俄罗斯联邦矿业投资环境分析

俄罗斯联邦地处欧亚大陆北部,境内矿产资源丰富。本文整理了俄罗斯联邦的矿产资源情况、矿业管理部门及法规、投资政策等资料,分析了俄罗斯联邦矿业投资的有利及不利因素,建议企业在政府的主导下加强自身管理,提高风险意识,运用法律维护自身权益,妥善解决环境保护问题,积极寻找俄罗斯矿业市场的投资机会,为我国企业"走出去"提供支持。     

民营企业资源领域境外投资趋势、模式、问题与对策

全球金融危机以来,国际经济格局正在发生重大变化。我国企业走出国门,进行海外矿产勘查开发方兴未艾,采矿业境外投资逐年增长,矿业国际化步伐加快,民营企业矿产资源领域境外投资和并购发展迅速。因投资管理体制、政策及内外部经营环境制约,民营企业在投资立项、核准、投融资及国际化经营运作中也存在不少问题、困难和障碍。文章分析了当前我国民营企业资源领域境外投资发展现状、趋势、模式特征以及存在的问题,提出新形势下支持民营企业"走出去",勘查开发"两种资源",开拓"两个市场"的政策建议。     

我国铁矿石海外投资现状分析及策略研究

10年来，我国海外铁矿投资活动不断增多，在澳大利亚、西非等地开展了大规模的勘探、投资工作，海外铁矿投资初见成效。但同时也存在很多问题，例如我国权益矿份额偏低、投资区域过于集中、投资成本过高、民营企业参与度不够、企业管理混乱等问题。针对这些问题，本文提出了完善境外矿业投资管理机制体制、将西非地区列为重要投资区域、鼓励民营企业大胆“走出去”、缩短企业投资回报时间等对策建议。     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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