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老年人结肠息肉临床及病理特点分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨结肠息肉临床特点及病理类型与年龄、发病部位之间的关系.方法:收集我院老年病区近6年来电子结肠镜检出结肠息肉患者,进行回顾性分析,比较老年组(60岁以上)与中青年组(60岁以下)结肠息肉的特点,分析结肠息肉临床特点及病理类型与年龄、部位之间的关系.结果:5 291例受检者中共检出结肠息肉1 570例,有血便或大便隐血试验阳性者占37.5%,有大便习惯改变者51.7%,有腹痛者21.3%.老年组结肠息肉的患病率(37.3%)显著高于中青年组(22.7%),P<0.05,两组中腺瘤性息肉的患病率均明显高于其他病理类型息肉(P<0.01),而且老年组腺瘤性息肉的患病率(65.0%)明显高于中青年组(42.8%),P<0.01.两组左半结肠息肉的患病率均高于右半结肠(P<0.01).结论:老年人结肠息肉患者78.4%伴有血便或大便隐血试验阳性、大便习惯改变及腹痛等临床表现.老年人结肠息肉的患病率明显高于中青年人,且以腺瘤性息肉为多发,好发部位为左半结肠. 相似文献
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结肠憩室病在西方国家相当常见,而我国结肠憩室病的发病率远低于西方国家,它比十二指肠、胃憩室少见,而且以右半结肠好发。本文搜集16例结肠憩室、憩室炎的双对比造影资料,进行回顾性分析。 材料和方法 本组16例中,男13例,女3例。最小年龄49岁,最大年龄74岁,平均年龄为62岁。临床症状:8例无胃肠道症状;8 相似文献
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目的:分析不同年龄便血患者的常见病因及其特点,探讨结肠镜在便血疾病中的应用价值。方法:桐乡市第一人民医院内镜室自2006年1月至2009年1月行纤维结肠镜检查以便血为主要症状患者684例,其中老年组(年龄60~88岁)297例,中青年组(年龄15~59岁)387例。总结两组患者的镜检结果,分析便血的常见病因及特点。结果:两组患者便血最常见原因均为结肠癌,其次为结肠息肉;与中青年组比较,老年组结肠癌、缺血性结肠炎患病率较高,而溃疡性结肠炎患病率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结肠息肉、缺血性结肠炎、感染性结肠炎、结肠憩室、血管畸形、肛门疾病患病率在两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与中青年组比较,老年组中结肠癌患者更易累及直肠和右半结肠(横结肠和升结肠),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:便血患者常见病因为结肠癌。直肠和右半结肠癌、缺血性结肠炎好发于老年患者,溃疡性结肠炎好发于中青年患者,应及时行结肠镜检查明确诊断。 相似文献
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目的:探讨老年患者右半结肠憩室的X线诊断和发病原因。材料与方法:18例患者均行钡剂灌肠X线检查。结果:本组患者平均年龄57岁,憩室全部位于右半结肠而不合并左半结肠憩室,多为多发。结论:老年患者因肠肌软弱及长期便秘,用力排便,使肠内压增高,也可能由于生活水平提高,从高渣低脂饮食,使肠蠕动减弱而产生大量气体,促使肠内压升高,从而为憩室的形成创造了条件。 相似文献
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什么是憩室?结肠粘膜疝是在大肠壁形成小口颈窄袋状结肠憩室。术语憩室症是用于患有憩室病而没有症状者;憩室疾病是用于描述患有憩室病并伴有症状者,症状通常为腹痛和大便习惯改变;憩室炎是用于憩室病伴有大肠壁感染者。患病率随着年龄增长憩室患病率增加。在英国50岁人中患病率为5%,90岁人中患病率为50%。患有无症状憩室病人10%~25%发展为有症状的憩室病。在1989年,英国和威尔市有1480死于憩室病并发症。病因无症状憩室病是由于长期大便干燥压迫肠壁而至。无症状憩室病在食用富含纤维及缓释碳水化合物的人群中尚未发现。症状下腹部疼痛经常… 相似文献
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大肠憩室62例临床并发症及误诊分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
目的;探讨大肠憩室住院患者的发病情况、临床特点及并发症。方法:对62例大肠憩室资料进行回顾性分析。结果:62例中老年人约占56%、40岁以下患者占10%;以乙状结肠、横结肠和升结肠检出率较高,左半结肠和右半结肠的检出率大致相同;约56%患者为症状性憩室,其中单纯憩室炎发生率约占并发症的57%,且以非老年人多见;而憩室出血和穿孔的发生率分别为23%和20%,以老年组高发。结论:大肠憩室以老年患者的患病率高,出血和穿孔等严重并发症以老年为主,单纯憩室炎等轻型并发症则以非老年多见,临床误诊率高。 相似文献
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目的回顾性分析结直肠癌的肠镜特点,提高肠镜诊断水平,并加强预防意识。方法对1976年1月~2003年12月在该院行肠镜检查并确诊的结直肠癌患者进行统计分析。将患者按诊断时间分为A、B和C 3组。结果3组中男女患者比例相似。A组中,40~50岁年龄段发病率最高,约36.4%;B和C组中,50岁年龄段以上发病率最高;近10年来,50岁以上的患者占了将近75%。直肠和左半结肠的发病比率逐年下降;而右半结肠的发病比率却逐年上升。结论结直肠癌的发病总例数有所增加;年龄以>50年龄段为主;病变部位以左半结肠和直肠为主,但最近,右半结肠发病比率有上升趋势。肠镜检查有助于预防和降低发病率。 相似文献
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《诊断病理学杂志》2020,(3)
目的分析左右半结肠癌肿瘤组织中KRAS/NRAS/BRAF基因突变状态及错配修复蛋白(MSH2/MSH6/PMS2/MLH1)表达与临床病理的关系。方法选取解放军总医院2014-07—2019-05行手术切除的原发性结肠癌(CC)肿瘤组织标本837例进行回顾性分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测KRAS/NRAS/BRAF基因的体细胞突变热点,采用免疫组化方法检测错配修复蛋白(MSH2/MSH6/PMS2/MLH1)的表达,采用SPSS 21. 0统计软件及卡方检验分析左右半结肠与它们之间的临床病理特征的关系。结果 837例标本中结肠癌与年龄、家族史、大体分型、组织学类型、分化程度、脉管癌栓和临床分期等无显著性差异;左半结肠中男性415例(66. 1%),女性213例(33. 9%);右半结肠中男性114例(54. 6%),女性95例(45. 5%);左半结肠男性占比显著大于右半结肠,右半结肠女性显著大于左半结肠(χ2=8. 975,P=0. 003);左、右半结肠中5 cm的肿瘤分别为409例(65. 1%)、83(39. 7%),5 cm的肿瘤分别为219例(34. 9%)、126例(60. 3%),具有统计学差异性(χ2=41. 803,P=0. 000);左半结肠神经侵犯明显高于右半结肠(χ2=5. 344,P=0. 027);四种错配修复蛋白(MSH2、MSH6、MLH1、PMS2)的缺失率分别为2. 3%(19/837)、2. 9%(24/837)、6. 1%(51/837)、6. 7%(56/837),其中左半结肠中分别为1. 8%、1. 9%、3. 2%、3. 2%,右半结肠中分别为3. 8%、5. 7%、14. 8%、17. 2%,右半结肠的缺失率高于左半结肠,MSH2蛋白表达中无显著性差异(P0. 05),MSH6、MLH1和PMS2中具有统计学差异性(P0. 05); KRAS/NRAS/BRAF基因总的突变率为53. 0%,分别为45. 4%(380/837)、4. 5%(38/837)、3. 1%(26/837),左、右半结肠KRAS/NRAS基因状态无显著性差异,右半结肠BRAF基因突变率显著高于左半结肠(6. 2%vs 2. 1%,χ2=8. 973,P=0. 005)。结论左右半结肠癌患者中KRAS/NRAS/BRAF基因的突变状态和四种错配修复蛋白的表达,与大部分临床病理指标无关,但是左半结肠癌中男性居多、右半结肠癌女性居多。左半结肠癌更易发生神经侵犯,右半结肠癌患者肿瘤比左半结肠大,MSH6、MLH1和PMS2蛋白以右半结肠癌缺失率高,BRAF突变更多地出现在右半结肠癌。 相似文献
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结肠镜诊断结肠憩室病 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1978年10月-1993年10月15年间,经结肠镜检出结肠憩室病29例,检出率0.31%。结果显示结肠憩室病为我国少见病,其检出率随年龄增加而增高,国人结肠憩室好发于右半结肠,全结肠镜检可提高结肠憩室诊断率,是本病的可靠诊断手段。 相似文献
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Raman Mehrzad Suprav Mishra Garrey Faller Babar Memon Joseph Fiore 《Medical principles and practice》2015,24(4):355-361
Objective
To report the prevalence, clinical differences and complications of right-sided diverticulosis (RD) and to investigate the potential disparities from left-sided diverticulosis (LD) in the Vietnamese population.Subjects and Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records of Vietnamese-born patients from 2000 to 2013 in a community teaching hospital in Boston, Mass., USA. By simple randomization, a randomized control group of 299 Caucasian patients was also selected from the same time frame [167 males (M) and 132 females (F)]. Colonoscopy reports were reviewed for demographics (age and gender), indication and anatomical location of the colonic diverticulosis (CD), concomitant colonic findings, symptoms, and endoscopic complications.Results
A total of 207 patients were included in the Vietnamese cohort (mean age 61.6 ± 8.9 years). The mean age at first screening colonoscopy was 58.2 ± 7.2 years (114 F/92 M, 55.7/44.4%). Our study identified 104 (50.5%) patients with LD (57 M/47 F), 65 (31.1%) with RD (35 M/30 F) and 38 (18.4%) with both LD and RD (23 M/15 F); 133 (64%) were asymptomatic. A total of 21 (33%) patients with RD were symptomatic. The mean age of the control group was 61.6 ± 8.1 years. The average age at first screening colonoscopy was 52.8 ± 6.4 years. Of the 299 in the Caucasian group, 254 (84.9%) had LD (114 M/140 F), 9 (3.0%) had RD (2 M/7 F) and 36 (12%) had both LD and RD (16 M/20 F); 225 (75%) were asymptomatic and came in for screening colonoscopies. A total of 2 patients (22%) with RD were symptomatic.Conclusion
RD was common in this Vietnamese population, and the prevalence was higher than in the Caucasian control group.Key Words: Diverticulosis, Prevalence, Vietnamese, Complications 相似文献12.
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Andrew R. Barina Mustafa R. Bashir Brandon A. Howard Brent A. Hanks April K. Salama Tracy A. Jaffe 《Abdominal imaging》2016,41(2):207-214
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe typical CT findings and distinct imaging patterns of ipilimumab-associated colitis in immunotherapeutic treatment of melanoma.Materials and methods
This HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included 86 patients with melanoma imaged with CT or PET/CT of the abdomen and pelvis during or shortly after administration of ipilimumab. Twelve of 86 patients (14%) developed symptoms of colitis and underwent CT imaging of the abdomen and pelvis while symptomatic. Two radiologists reviewed CT images to evaluate for the presence of CT findings of colitis including mesenteric vessel engorgement, pericolonic inflammatory change, hyperenhancement of colonic mucosa, colonic wall thickening, fluid-filled colonic distension, pneumoperitoneum, pneumatosis, and diverticulosis in the inflamed segment of colon. One nuclear medicine radiologist reviewed PET images for abnormally increased FDG uptake in the colon. The diagnosis of ipilimumab-associated colitis was made based on clinical presentation, imaging findings, and laboratory data.Results
Common CT findings of ipilimumab-associated colitis included colonic mucosal hyperenhancement (10/12 [83%]), mesenteric vessel engorgement (9/12 [75.0%]), colonic wall thickening (9/12 [75%]), and pericolonic fat stranding (2/12 [16%]). No patient developed pneumatosis or pneumoperitoneum. Diffuse colitis was present in 4/12 (33%) patients. Segmental colitis with associated diverticulosis (was present in 2/12 (17%) patients). A third pattern, isolated recto-sigmoid colitis without diverticulosis, was observed in 6/12 (50%) patients. All patients with colitis demonstrated recto-sigmoid involvement.Conclusions
A third radiologic pattern of ipilimumab-associated colitis was observed in this study: isolated recto-sigmoid colitis without diverticulosis. All patterns of ipilimumab-associated colitis include recto-sigmoid involvement.14.
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目的统计分析福州地区小儿小规格红细胞临床使用情况,更好地为临床小儿输血提供服务。方法回顾性分析福州地区2011-2018年0.5 U红细胞的临床用血情况,采用统计学方法分析"健康中国"战略、"全面二孩"政策颁布前(2011-2014年)后(2015-2018年)的临床用血量是否存在差异,并对使用量最大的3所医院进行分析。结果福州地区2015-2018年0.5 U红细胞供应量较2011-2014年增长54.70%(P<0.05),其中市区医院增长54.64%,郊县医院增长87.50%。市区医院0.5 U红细胞供应量占0.5 U红细胞总供应量99.8%。供应量最多的3所医院占0.5 U红细胞总供应量89.60%,这3所医院2015-2018年的供应量较2011-2014年分别增长41.85%、49.44%、128.13%(P<0.05)。结论国家颁布"健康中国"、"全面二孩"政策后福州地区0.5 U红细胞需求量较前增长。加强血液管理信息系统建设、与医院增强输血相关信息共享、尝试开展其他小规格的红细胞分装制备是今后小儿血液供应工作可探寻的方向。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Emergency medical service system (EMSS) in China is becoming more important. However, studies on mortality of emergency departments (EDs) patients in tertiary hospitals and on the trends in mortality of ED patients all over China are stagnant. The objective of this study was to quantify and describe the trends in mortality of ED patients in China. METHODS: Nine tertiary teaching hospitals were selected from tertiary teaching hospitals in different regions. The annual numbers of ED visits and deaths of these hospitals in 2004, 2009 and 2014 were recorded and analyzed. Chi-square test was used to compare the mortality of the EDs’ visits. Moreover, data on the mortality of ED patients in China from 2005 to 2015 were summarized and analyzed from the China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbooks (2006-2016). RESULTS: From 2004 to 2014, the overall annual mortalities in EDs increased among the tertiary hospitals (P<0.001). However, the overall annual mortality in EDs all over China decreased from 0.12% in 2005 to 0.08% in 2015. And the mortalities of EDs patients in the eastern, central and western regions of China all decreased. In addition, the average mortality of EDs patients in northern China was obviously higher than that in southern China (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The ED mortality was increased in tertiary hospitals while decreased all over China during the past decade, which may be partly caused by some critical challenges faced by China’s EMSS, such as overcrowding and long length of stay in EDs of tertiary hospitals. 相似文献
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Won-Jun Lee Chang-Hyun Han Changsop Yang Sook-Hyun Lee Doori Kim Inhyuk Ha Hyun Jin Song Yoon Jae Lee 《The Journal of international medical research》2021,49(10)
ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to analyze cost trends for the outpatient treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LDH).MethodsWe used cross-sectional data obtained from the Korea Health Panel Survey from 2011 to 2015. We compared outpatient medical expenses for conservative treatment of LDH using traditional Korean medicine (TKM) or Western medicine (WM).ResultsThis analysis revealed that the total medical expenses for outpatient treatment of LDH using WM treatment methods increased by 30% from 2011 to 2015, and self-payment expenses increased by 50%. The total medical expenses for outpatient treatment of LDH using TKM methods increased by 8%, and self-payment expenses decreased by 33%. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) expenditure for WM increased by 7%, and non-covered costs increased by 83%. The NHIS expenditure for TKM increased by 41%, and non-covered costs decreased by 66%.ConclusionsThe total medical expenses for WM treatments are increasing in Korea, especially for non-covered treatments. The non-covered costs for TKM treatments are decreasing, suggesting a change in medical cost trends according to whether Korea’s actual medical expense insurance scheme is applied. 相似文献
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目的 分析2011-2015年北京市海淀区其他感染性腹泻病例流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法,病例信息来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统。在海淀区1家哨点监测医院,采集2011-2015年肠道门诊腹泻患者的粪便标本,用实时荧光定量PCR方法对常见腹泻病毒(轮状病毒、诺如病毒)进行检测。结果 2011-2015年海淀区共报告其他感染性腹泻病例25 230例,年报告发病率范围为107.18/10万~188.63/10万,呈逐年下降趋势。 5、5~和60~岁年龄组发病率居前3位。散居儿童报告病例数最多,占全部病例数的26.59%。主要以夏季发病为主,每年6-8月报告病例数最多,流动人口较多的地区发病率较高。共采集腹泻病例标本572份进行轮状病毒和诺如病毒检测,阳性144份,阳性率为25.17%。结论 2011-2015年北京市海淀区散居儿童为其他感染性腹泻高发人群,夏季是高发季节;采样对象为16岁人群,仅开展病毒性病原学监测,不利于指导防控,需要调整监测策略。 相似文献