有限内固定结合微型外固定架治疗手部骨折

目的 总结应用有限内固定结合微型外固定架治疗手部关节内或关节周围骨折的方法及疗效。方法 2002年5月-2005年2月，对15例手部关节内或关节周围骨折的患者，应用有限内固定结合Orthofix微型外固定装置进行治疗。结果 术后骨折全部愈合，愈合时间为6～12周，平均8周。按TAM标准评定手指活动度其优良率达93．3％。术后无钢针断裂、松动及针道感染等并发症。结论 有限内固定结合微型外固定架治疗手部关节内或关节周围骨折具有微创、固定可靠、疗效肯定等优点，为手部关节内或关节周围骨折的治疗提供了一种新的思路。     

外固定治疗Colles骨折临床疗效评价

1993年 9月 - 2 0 0 1年 6月间 ,我们收治Ｃｏｌｌｅｓ骨折 364例 ,应用夹板外固定 2 5 6例 ,石膏外固定10 8例 ,对其治疗效果对照分析 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 364例均系门诊治疗病例 ,男2 2 6例 ,女 138例 ;年龄 8～ 74岁 ;左腕 141例 ,右腕2 2 3例 ,其中双腕骨折 6例。按Ｆｒｙｋｍａ分类法[2 ] :关节外骨折 91例 ;关节内骨折涉及关节面 10 9例 ;关节内骨折伴下尺桡关节损伤 78例 ;关节内骨折同时涉及关节面及下尺桡关节 86例 ,合并尺骨远端骨折者87例。受伤到就诊时间 15ｍｉｎ～ 72ｈ。以上病例随机分组 ,夹板固…     

超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节骨折

目的：超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节粉碎、塌陷骨折临床效果。探讨此项技术手术要点和注意问题。方法：自１９９５－１９９９年１１月,对１０例胫骨平台粉碎、塌陷骨折、２例股骨髁粉碎骨折行超关节外固定架牵引固定,同时有限内固定。结果：病人骨折对位、关节功能恢复满意,总优良率９０.9%。结论：超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节骨折效果显著。值得推广。     

桡骨远端关节内骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨桡骨远端关节内骨折的手术治疗及临床效果。方法手术治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折患者35例。按AO／ASIF分类,根据不同类型分别采用“T”钢板内固定、闭合复位外支架及闭合复位外支架克氏针联合固定术。结果35例经5～16个月随访,按照Dinest腕关节功能评估,总优良率84．2％,其中钢板内同定组15／17,单纯外支架组11／13,外支架联合克氏针组4／5。结论依据桡骨远端关节内不同类型骨折,分别采用相应手术固定方法,对恢复桡骨相对长度、掌倾度、尺偏角、关节面的平整以及腕关节的功能极为重要。     

开窗植骨内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

跟骨骨折多为高处坠落纵向负荷作用于足跟部所致,分为关节内骨折和关节外骨折。波及距下关节的关节内骨折属常见骨折,是一种严重而复杂的创伤,治疗不当病残率高,笔者自2003年3月至2007年10月采用开窗植骨内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折84例92足,效果满意,现报告如下：     

超关节外固定架结合内固定治疗PilonⅢ型骨折

目的评价超关节外固定架结合内固定治疗PilonⅢ型骨折的临床疗效。方法对36例PilonⅢ型骨折患者行超关节外固定架结合钢板有限内固定治疗,术后加强功能锻炼。结果 36例均获随访,时间6~24个月。按Mazur标准评定疗效:优6例,良24例,差6例。无骨折不愈合或畸形愈合,无肢体短缩。结论超关节外固定支架结合内固定治疗PilonⅢ型骨折可以有效保护软组织,有利于踝关节软骨关节面骨折愈合及稳定结构重建,减少关节面塌陷及关节融合的发生,临床疗效较好。     

超关节外固定支架治疗桡骨远端C型骨折

目的研究超关节外固定支架治疗桡骨远端AO分型C型骨折的疗效。方法采用超关节外固定支架治疗桡骨远端C型骨折3l例。结果治疗后平均随访6．5个月。骨折愈合时间平均为6．5周。根据Jakim评分标准评定疗效，优14例，良12例，优良率为83．87％。结论超关节外固定支架治疗不稳定型桡骨远端关节内骨折具有操作简单、复位满意、固定坚强、功能优良的优点。     

应用骨片钉治疗手部和上肢小片骨折及关节内骨折40例报告

目的 总结应用骨片钠内固定治疗上肢和手部片状骨折及关节内骨折的临床经验和疗效。方法 1998年10月至1999年10月,ORTHOFIX骨片钉治疗40例上肢和手部小片骨折及关节内骨折患者。术后随访2－3个月。结果 3例开放性指骨骨折因伤口感染而延迟愈合外,所有骨折在术后1．5－2个月均达到骨性愈合。结果 应用骨片钉固定治疗上肢和手部小片骨折及关节内骨折,该法操作简单,骨折固定确实,是临床医师选择的一种骨折内固定技术。     

混合式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的探讨混合式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床价值。方法2002年3月至2005年1月,使用混合式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折22例,男17例,女5例;年龄20～48岁,平均33岁。所有骨折均在踝上5cm之内。关节内骨折18例,按Ruedi等分型标准,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型14例;关节外骨折4例。闭合损伤18例,Tornetta等根据改良Tscherne分度方法对软组织损伤进行分度,Ⅱ度16例,Ⅲ度2例;开放性骨折4例,按Gustilo分度,Ⅱ度2例,Ⅲ度2例。对关节内骨折,先采用有限切开撬拨及点状复位钳钳夹复位带有关节面的移位骨块,钢针及螺钉固定;然后再用外固定器进行固定。对关节外骨折移位,仅通过外固定器复位固定。结果术后伤口一期愈合20例,2例开放性骨折患者伤口延迟愈合,经换药后4周愈合。术后2例针道感染患者,经扩创及保持针道引流通畅8周后去除外固定器,伤口愈合。22例全部获得随访,随访时间8～28个月,平均18个月。骨折平均愈合时间3.2个月。根据Tornetta等制定的评估标准,关节内骨折18例,优10例,良5例,可3例,优良率83%。关节外骨折4例,优3例,良1例。骨折畸形愈合1例,胫骨向前成角10°。干骺端骨折不愈合1例,经二次手术行自体骨植骨加钢板内固定后骨折愈合。结论使用混合式外固定器结合有限内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折,损伤小,对软组织的干扰少,皮肤坏死率和伤口感染率明显减少,可早期活动。     

动力跨关节型外固定架在不稳定性桡骨远端骨折中的应用

目的 探讨手法复位或辅以有限内固定结合动力跨关节型外固定架跨腕关节固定治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折的效果.方法 应用手法复位或辅以内固定结合动力跨关节型外固定架跨腕关节固定治疗35例不稳定性桡骨远端骨折,骨折愈合后拆除外固定架.结果 随访6～16个月,骨折愈合时间7～9周.最后一次随访时,按Cooney腕关节评分系统(包括疼痛、功能状况、腕关节活动度、握力):优18例,良14例,可1例,优良率为91.4%.结论 手法复位或辅以有限内固定结合动力跨关节型外固定架跨腕关节固定治疗桡骨远端骨折既能使骨折复位、固定满意,又有利于术后早期手和腕部的功能康复锻炼,是治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折的有效方法.     

Co-existing ipsilateral subcapital and subtrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur

Background  Co-existing subcapital and subtrochanteric fracture on the same side of the hip is rare. We are not aware of a similar case reported in the literature. Case study  We present a rare case of co-existing ipsilateral subcapital and subtrochanteric fracture in a 67-year-old woman. The mechanism of injury was low energy. Therapeutic implication  The outcome of internal fixation using a Proximal Femoral Nail was satisfactory. This work was carried out in the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, UK.     

不稳定性骨盆骨折及并发症的诊治

目的总结不稳定性骨盆骨折诊治的经验和教训。方法对52例不稳定性骨盆骨折临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果早期死亡5例,失访3例,获随访44例,随访3个月～5年(平均2年2个月)。骨折早期并发症漏诊2例,9例出现中期并发症。5例留有后遗症,39例预后良好。结论应重视不稳定性骨盆骨折的急诊诊断和治疗以及动态观察和处理,防治并发症,以取得满意疗效。     

桡骨远端骨折分型新论

桡骨远端骨折的分型国内外学者早有论述。1814年英国人克雷氏曾系统报道桡骨远端伸直型骨折,间接暴力引起,骨折远端向背侧桡侧移位,向掌侧成角。以后史密斯又报道桡骨远端屈曲型骨折。再后又报道背侧缘劈裂型骨折,又称巴尔通骨折和掌侧缘劈裂骨折,又称反巴尔通骨折。笔者在临床     

Simultaneous Ipsilateral Fracture of the Elbow, Forearm and Wrist in a Child

Abstract The simultaneous occurrence of ipsilateral humeral supracondylar, forearm and wrist fractures is an uncommon injury. This fracture pattern is very difficult to treat, but no detailed cases were found in the English literature. A case of this unusual combination in a teenager is reported, successfully managed by open reduction and Kirschner wire (K–wire) fixation of the elbow fracture with open reduction of the forearm fractures and fixation with long intramedullary K–wires.     

The risk and burden of vertebral fractures in Sweden

The aim of this study was to determine the risk and burden of vertebral fractures judged as those coming to clinical attention and as morphometric fractures. Incidence and utility loss were computed from data from Malmo, Sweden. Clinical fractures accounted for 23% of all vertebral deformities in women and for 42% in men. The average 10-year fracture probability for morphometric fractures increased with age in men from 2.9% at the age of 50 years (7.2% in women) to 8.4 at the age of 85 years (26.7% in women). As expected, probabilities increased with decreasing T-score for hip BMD. Cumulative utility loss from a clinical vertebral fracture was substantial and was 50–62% of that due to a hip fracture depending on age. When incidence of fractures in the population was weighted by disutility, all spine fractures accounted for more morbidity than hip fracture up to the age of 75 years. We conclude that vertebral fractures have a major personal and societal impact that needs to be recognised in algorithms for assessment of risk and in health economic strategies for osteoporosis.     

Management of undisplaced or minimally displaced Colles' fracture: One or three weeks of immobilization

Sixty-two consecutive patients with an undisplaced or minimally displaced Colles' fracture were allocated at random to 1 or 3 weeks of immobilization in a dorsal plaster cast. No significant difference in radiographic results or in functional score, (according to Gartland and Werley 1951, modified by Solgaard 1988) was observed at 12 and 26 weeks. We conclude that patients with an undisplaced or minimally displaced Colles' fracture can be safely treated with only 1 week of immobilization in a dorsal plaster cast. However, the short treatment period does not accelerate return of function.     

Sequential change in quality of life for patients with incident clinical fractures: a prospective study

Summary  Health-related quality of life in elderly women with sustained incident fractures was assessed prospectively for 1 year, using the EuroQol standard. Loss of QOL was more severe in patients after hip or vertebral fractures than those with wrist fracture. QOL was not completely restored in patients suffering from hip fracture. Introduction  Osteoporosis-related fractures decrease mobility, social interaction, and emotional well-being. All of these characteristics determine health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). In this study, we assessed HR-QOL in elderly women following incident clinical fractures. Methods  Thirty-seven patients with hip fractures (mean age 76.1 years), 35 with vertebral fractures (mean age 72.6 years), and 50 with wrist fractures (mean age 68.6 years) were enrolled. HR-QOL was prospectively measured using EuroQol (EQ-5D) before the fracture, 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the fracture. Results  During the observation period, reduction of EQ-5D values was greatest in the hip fracture group. In the wrist fracture group, EQ-5D values at 6 months after the fracture showed recovery; however, in the hip and vertebral fracture groups, recovery was significantly lower than before the fracture. One year after the fracture, EQ-5D values were not significantly different from prefracture values in the vertebral and wrist fracture groups, but remained significantly lower in the hip fracture group. Conclusions  Loss of QOL was more severe in patients after hip or vertebral fractures than in patients with wrist fracture. HR-QOL was not completely restored in patients suffering from hip fracture.     

Fracture of the femoral neck, the risk of serious underlying pathology

Between 1997 and 2003, a total of 2223 patients presented to our hospital with the neck of femur fracture. This retrospective study examines the histological results of 90 patients (4%) suspected of having a fracture associated with serious underlying pathology. The mean age at the time of fracture was 80 years (44-97). The patients were divided into four groups. Group I: 34 patients with fracture without history of fall or trauma. Group II: 21 patients with suspicious lesions on the standard pelvic radiograph taken on admission. Group III: 27 patients with past history of malignancy without known bone metastases. Group IV: 8 patients with past history of malignancy and known bone metastases. None of the patients in groups I and II had significant abnormalities other than osteoporosis. Four patients (15%) in group III and six patients (75%) in group IV had metastases on histological examination. It is concluded that only groups III and IV are likely to have fractures due to metastatic disease.     

低位肱骨髁上骨折创伤机制和固定与生物力学关系

对３６例伸直尺偏型低位肱骨髁上骨折的创伤机制和固定与生物力学关系进行初步探讨，并运用传统手法加中药治疗，促使肘关节功能恢复良好，无肘内翻３２例，占８８．９％。肘内翻及骨化性肌炎４例，占１１．１％。     

陈旧性骨盆骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨陈旧性骨盆骨折的手术治疗：方法 自2000年2月起，对本院14例陈旧性骨盆骨折患者行手术清理瘢痕或骨痂，牵引复位，然后内固定治疗。结果 本组病例全部获得随访，时间6个月～3年6个月。根据骨盆形态、双下肢长度差异、步态、X线片测量等指标判断疗效，优8例，良4例，差2例，优良率为85．7％。结论 陈旧性骨盆骨折可进行手术复位治疗。只要设计合理、方法得当，通过积极的手术可避免发生严重的残废，极大地提高伤者的生存质量。