Measuring Fiber Orientation in Nonwoven Fabrics by Laser Scattering Method PartⅠ Principle and Instrumentation

The scattering performance of a parallel laser beam onthe parallel fiber model and nonwoven fabrics are studiedin detail. A device of computer - program - controlledsystem for measuring laser scattering intensity - angledistribution function of fiber assemblies is set up, and themeasuring condition for distingulslhing the fibers ar-ranged at different directions is carried out. The materi-als of two categories, the models of fiber assembly andnonwoven fabrics made with varied processing methods,are studied. The analysis and experiments show that thefiber orientation distribution functions in the 2 - dimen-sional fiber assemblies can be sensitively determined bylaser scattering method.     

Relationship between Light Scattering Intensity and Basis Weight of Non-Woven Fabrics

The relationship between light scattering intensity and basis weight of nonwoven fabrics is studied by using the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation and scatter-ing in random media.The theoretical analysis shows that the backscattering intensity of nonwoven fabric is closely related to its basis weight,and 2 series nonwoven samples manufactured by spun-bonded and thermal-bounded processing methods are tested for checking the theoretical expression.The study shows that the scattering intensity increases with increasing basis weight of nonwoven fabrics in exponential equation,and theoretical expression is consistent with the experimental data.     

Influence of Fiber Properties and Processing Parameters on Properties of Highloft Nonwoven Bonded by Bicomponent Polyester Fibers

Highloft nonwoven was produced by heat bonding of bicomponent polyester fibers. The effect of fiber properties and processing parameters on the mechanical properties of the nonwoven was investigated. The heat bonding processing parameters for the nonwoven were optimized. The results show that the range of processing temperature is wider while the shell melting point of the bicomponent fibers (Tml) is lower. The best processing temperature is about 15℃ higher than Tml while the shell melting point (Tml) is higher.     

Analysis of stimulated Brillouin scattering in multi-mode fiber by numerical solution

Stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers is described by a theoretical model and numerical analysis. The results showed that, for an optical fiber pumped by a laser beam with ns-order-pulse width and kW-order peak-power, SBS reflectivity tends to saturate when the fiber length exceeds a limit, named “effective fiber length“. Using small core-diameter and long enough fiber, the SBS reflectivity level could be raised but is limited by optical damage of the entrance surface of the fiber. Therefore, just a small dynamic range can be obtained.     

Time-Based Dynamic Trust Model Using Ant Colony Algorithm

The trust in distributed environment is uncertain, which is variation for various factors. This paper introduces TDTM, a model for time-based dynamic trust. Every entity in the distribute environment is endowed with a trust-vector, which figures the trust intensity between this entity and the others. The trust intensity is dynamic due to the time and the inter-operation between two entities, a method is proposed to quantify this change based on the mind of ant colony algorithm and then an algorithm for the transfer of trust relation is also proposed. Furthermore, this paper analyses the influence to the trust intensity among all entities that is aroused by the change of trust intensity between the two entities, and presents an algorithm to resolve the problem. Finally, we show the process of the trusts＇ change that is aroused by the time＇s lapse and the inter-operation through an instance.     

Quantitative Risk Assessment with Data Mining for Formaldehyde Content of Imported Textile

The assessment of potential risks posed by formaldehyde in clothing to consumers is of increasing concern worldwide,for free formaldehyde is harmful to human. Some papers focus on hazard and exposure assessment,using quantitative and semi-quantitative method, rather than assessment for the factors related to formaldehyde content. In order to perform early-warning research and risk management,the quantitative risk assessment is used to analyze the imported textile testing data and find the factors related to formaldehyde content. K-means algorithm is the core of the method. It can be concluded that the disqualified textiles have relations with main fiber components,fabric color,season month,and brand. Then the data in the same attribute are clustered by Kmeans algorithm. The different classes are defined as related danger level,respectively severe,moderate,and light.     

Spatial discretization error in an artificial benchmark model of oblique laser incidence by finite volume approximation for radiative heat transfer

The spatial discretization error in a finite volume method approximation for radiative heat transfer is investigated. An artificial benchmark model for oblique laser incidence on a two-dimensional rectangle containing a semi-transparent medium is proposed, in addition to using reference data from the Monte Carlo method. Within the framework of the current model, it is shown that numerical scattering in the finite volume method is affected by the spatial grid values and the different spatial discretization schemes to a large degree. Numerical scattering also varies with the degree of absorption coefficient deviation. Numerical scattering is distributed in a symmetrical profile along the laser incidence direction, and all of the schemes show symmetrical cross-scattering.     

Assessing Fabrics Wrinkling by Image Analysis

In this paper, the features of fabric wrinkle structure are analyzed, by image processing technique. The wrinkle images are processed and character parameters are extracted. The wrinkle side surface area ratio of image gray level intensity, the standard deviation of total pixels' gray level intensity and the standard deviation of wrinkle block area are adopted to evaluate fabric wrinkling. The results show that these three character parameters can be served for ranking the wrinkling. It provides a feasible objective method for fabrics wrinkling degree assessing.     

Protein domain boundary prediction by combining support vector machine and domain guess by size algorithm

Successful prediction of protein domain boundaries provides valuable information not only for the computational structure prediction of multi-domain proteins but also for the experimental structure determination. A novel method for domain boundary prediction has been presented, which combines the support vector machine with domain guess by size algorithm. Since the evolutional information of multiple domains can be detected by position specific score matrix, the support vector machine method is trained and tested using the values of position specific score matrix generated by PSI-BLAST. The candidate domain boundaries are selected from the output of support vector machine, and are then inputted to domain guess by size algorithm to give the final results of domain boundary prediction. The experimental results show that the combined method outperforms the individual method of both support vector machine and domain guess by size.     

Study on the Relation between Individual Layer and Multi-layered Nonwoven Geotextile Permeability

Water permeability is an important property of nonwoven geotextiles used in drainage field, and usually it is obtained by testing individual layer or multi-layered nonwoven geotextiles. However, the permeability coefficient tested by using different layers would be different for the same nonwoven geotextile. In this paper, the relation between them is studied based on Darcy's law. The study shows that vertical permeability coefficients are theoretically invariable no matter how many layers are tested; but experimental results show that vertical permeability coefficients decrease with the increase of nonwoven geotextile layers number.     

COMPARISON OF APMP PULP CHARACTERISTICS OF JUVENILE TRIPLOID CHINESE WHITE POPLAR IN SALINE SOIL WITH THAT OF NORMAL 5-YEAR POPLAR

INDRODUCTIONAs we all known, the characteristics of Chinese papermaking and pulping industry are small scale, low-grade products and serious pollution in that the shortage of fiber supply. The effective method for developing Chinese papermaking is integrated forest-paper production by developing fast-growing plantation wood.Common characteristics for the pulps from various wood species of the Populus family are low long fiber yield, high bulk and relatively low strength values. On the ot…     

Convex decomposition of concave clouds for the ultra-short-term power prediction of distributed photovoltaic system

Concave clouds will cause miscalculation by the power prediction model based on cloud features for distributed photovoltaic (PV) plant.The algorithm for decomposing concave cloud into convex images is proposed .Adopting minimum polygonal approximation ( MPP) to demonstrate the contour of concave cloud , cloud features are described and the subdivision lines of convex decomposition for the concave clouds are determined by the centroid point scattering model and centroid angle func -tion, which realizes the convex decomposition of concave cloud .The result of MATLAB simulation indicates that the proposed algorithm can accurately detect cloud contour corners and recognize the concave points .The proposed decomposition algorithm has advantages of less time complexity and decomposition part numbers compared to traditional algorithms .So the established model can make the convex decomposition of complex concave clouds completely and quickly , which is available for the existing prediction algorithm for the ultra-short-term power output of distributed PV system based on the cloud features .     

A method for haplotype inference in general pedigrees without recombination

The abundance of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) makes the haplotype-based method instead of single-maker-oriented method the main approach to association studies on QTL mapping. The key problem in haploptype-based method is how to reconstruct haplotypes from genotype data. Directly assaying haplotypes in diploid individuals by experimental methods is too expensive, therefore the in silico haplotyping-determination methods are the major choice at the present. This paper presents a rapid and reliable algorithm for haplotype reconstruction for tightly linked SNPs in general pedigrees. It is based on six rules and consists of three steps. First, the parental origins of alleles in offspring are assigned conditional on genotypes in parent-offspring trios; second, the redundant haplotypes are eliminated based on the six rules; and finally, the most likely haplotype combinations are chosen via maximum likelihood method. Our method was verified and compared with PEDPHASE by simulated data with different pedigree sizes, numbers of loci, and proportions of missing genotypes. The result shows that our algorithm was superior to PEDPHASE in terms of computing time and accuracy of haplotype estimation. The computing time for 100 runs was 10―15 times less and the accuracy was 4%―10% higher than PEDPHASE. The result also indicates that our method was very robust and was hardly affected by pedigree size, number of loci, and proportion of missing genotypes.     

A Four-color Matching Method Combining Neural Networks with Genetic Algorithm

A brief review of color-matching technology and its application of printing RGB images by CMY or CMYK ink-jet printers is presented, followed by an explanation to the conventional approaches that are commonly used in color-matching. Then, a four-color matching method combining neural network with genetic algorithm is proposed. The initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network for RGB-to-CMY color conversion are optimized by the new genetic algorithm based on evolutionarily stable strategy. The fourth component K is generated by using GCR (Gray Component Replacement) concept. Simulation experiments show that it is well behaved in both accuracy and generalization performance.     

Parameter estimation of sinusoidal signals by using principle of signal matched-phase

A method for estimating frequency, amplitude and phase of a sinusoidal signal is presented based on the principle of signal matched-phase. The formulae for estimating signal parameters are derived, and the algorithm of searching for signal parameters is also given in the case where the signal frequency is unknown. The algorithm is simple and time_saving. The simulation results show that this new method is valid.     

Inversion method for defects in depth evaluation and thermal wave imaging

A hybrid Newton-like iterative method and a regularization method are employed to perform the numerical simulations of the defects in depth evaluation and the thermal wave imaging for defects-included solid sample by analysis of the surface photo-thermal signals. A simple and effective data processing method is suggested to improve the reconstructed data. The results of the numerical calculation demonstrate that the algorithm presented in this paper is very effective, and can be used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of homogeneous materials with defects in depth included. It is also proved that the algorithm is stable even with noise disturbance.     

Laser intensity induced transparency in atom-molecular transition process

We propose a new transparency mechanism, which is based on photoassociation （PA） laser intensity induced transitional frequency shift for ultracold cesium molecules formed in PA scheme. The PA laser intensity is supposed to change before the atommolecule resonance. Thus, a remarkable transparent effect for PA laser is expected to appear in the vicinity of original resonant transitional line, where the variation of PA laser intensity induces the shift of the excited molecular levels. The mechanism is different from electromagnetically induced transparency effect and interesting for further research on the scattering length for cesium atomic condensate.     

A Numerical Method for Cavity Identification in Beams on an Elastic Foundation

An analytical solution for the natural frequencies of a beam containing a cavity on an elastic foundation is presented. Based on the analytical solution, a numerical method for identifying cavities in the foundation is developed. The position and size of the cavities are identified by minimizing an objective function, which is formulated according to the difference between the computed and measured natural frequencies of the system. The conjugate gradient algorithm is adopted for minimizing the objective function. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the presented cavity determination method. The results show that the presented method can be used to identify the cavity position and size conveniently and efficiently.     

Activity sequence modes for Web services and verifications

Behavior requirement expression and its satisfiability verification for composite Web services is one of the ongoing issues in service computing.In this paper,the concept of behavior specifications based on activity sequence is proposed to express one kind of behavioral requirements for composite Web services.Its basic element is activity sequence.The method to express such behavioral requirements by behavioral modes is presented.Five behavioral modes used in this method are adopted.Through mapping modes to Labeled Transition Systems(LTSs),these modes are encoded with exact operation semantics.Then,the sufficient and necessary conditions as well as the checking algorithm for satisfiability of behavioral modes are given.Finally,an example analysis is presented.The result indicates that the behavioral requirements based on activity sequence are more suitable for the case of composite Web service than those based on activity or scenario.The behavioral modes expressions are concise and the satisfiability checking is effective by the given algorithm.