无氧铜表面钨涂层制备及性能研究

采用化学气相沉积与热等静压相结合的方法在无氧铜表面制备了难熔金属钨涂层得到铜钨复合材料。研究了钨涂层及铜钨界面的微观组织结构,钨涂层微观组织为柱状晶组织,成分及厚度均匀,铜钨界面平整;采钎焊法评价了铜钨界面结合强度,测试过程中涂层均未剥落或损伤,表明铜钨涂层界面结合强度大于钎焊界面的结合强度;在氢气环境中对铜钨复合材料进行热循环,评价钨涂层的抗热震性能,970℃热循环5次后涂层未剥落,钨涂层抗热震性能良好。     

钨铜功能梯度材料中掺杂TiC和La2O3性能比较研究

采用超高压力通电烧结工艺制备了添加1%TiC和1%La2O3的W/Cu 功能梯度材料(FGMs),分析研究了其烧结性能、层间剪切强度及抗热冲击性能.此功能梯度材料孔隙度在6%左右;梯度层间剪切强度从富W侧向富Cu侧逐步增高;在激光功率密度200MW/m2下,对此材料进行激光热冲击试验,冲击1 000次,含1%La2O3钨-铜梯度材料表面没有损坏,而含1%TiC钨-铜梯度材料表面出现裂纹.     

钢基Fe/Al2O3复合材料的界面特征

用喷涂法和溶胶-凝胶法相结合的工艺制备钢基Fe／Al2O3，梯度复合材料，并对其性能进行分析。采用电子万能材料试验机进行结合测试，利用金相显微镜分析复合材料断面组织，用X射线衍射仪分析陶瓷涂层成分。结果表明，Fe／Al2O3，梯度涂层与钢基体界面结合强度较高，平均达到17.62MPa；涂层与基体以及涂层与涂层之间相互融合，并未出现明显的界面联接层，实现了涂层与钢基体在同一区域共存，有助于提高涂层与基体的结合强度；Fe／Al2O3，梯度涂层主要由α-Al2O3、AlFeO3、AlFe3和Al86Fe14等物相组成，对材料的结构和性能都非常有利。     

钨渗铜材料力学性能和组织的批次稳定性研究

采用3批不同厂家的钨粉，通过烧结-熔渗法制备了钨渗铜材料，分析了材料的密度、金相组织和断口形貌，测试了不同温度下的拉伸强度，对比研究了高温钨渗铜材料的批次稳定性。结果表明：3个批次材料烧结性能一致，渗铜均匀性良好。组织相近，晶粒度相近，断口形貌相近，基本无差异；不同温度点的拉伸强度互有交叉，趋势一致，没有明显差异。对钨渗铜材料批生产过程中，原材料的供方选择和质量管控提出了方法和建议。     

热处理对自力型整体式W-Cu/QCr0.5电触头材料组织与性能的影响

用烧结熔渗法制备W-Cu／QCr0．5自力型整体电触头材料，采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析固溶时效处理前后的组织与性能的变化。结果表明，固溶时效热处理后，伴随着铜尾电导率和硬度的明显提高，钨铜合金头的组织分布更加均匀、致密，两者的结合强度也得到改善。     

W-Ni-Sr电极材料固-液掺杂法制备工艺研究

采用了固-液掺杂法制备W-Ni-Sr电极材料，研究了复合粉的成分、形貌/物相，以及材料的烧结工艺对材料微观组织的影响，对比了固-固掺杂法制备W-Ni-Sr电极材料的组织和硬度、电导率和热导率，探讨了钨合金电极材料的优化方向。结果表明：固-液掺杂法制备的W-Ni-Sr复合粉，大部分颗粒大小在1μm以下，Ni和Sr元素在其中分布比较均匀。复合粉具有较好的烧结性能，烧结后钨酸盐均匀弥散分布在钨晶界和晶内，阻碍了晶粒的长大，电极材料的晶粒细小。固-液掺杂比固-固掺杂所制备的钨合金电极材料组织更均匀、细小，性能更好。     

添加1%TiC和1%La2O3钨/铜FGM的性能研究

通过超高压力通电烧结制备了添加1%TiC和1%La2O3的W/Cu FGM,研究了其烧结、层间剪切强度及抗热冲击性能;此功能梯度材料气孔率在11%左右;在激光功率密度200 mW·m-2下,对此材料进行激光热冲击试验,冲击1000次,含1%La2O3钨-铜梯度材料表面没有损坏,而含1%TiC钨-铜梯度材料表面出现裂纹.并对此材料抗热冲击现象进行了简要分析.     

超细晶W-Cu复合材料的热挤压与热处理

以水热共还原法制备纳米W-30%Cu复合粉末,通过真空烧结和包套热挤压制备超细晶W-Cu复合材料,并进行后续热处理。采用X射线衍射、高分辨率透射电镜、扫描电镜等观察和分析W-30%Cu复合粉体和合金的成分及组织形貌,研究热挤压及后续退火处理对材料致密度、电导率和硬度等性能的影响。结果表明:水热产物为纳米级(10~15 nm)规则的类球形结构,经煅烧及共还原后得到的W-30%Cu复合粉末粒度细小,呈特殊的W包覆Cu结构,颗粒分布均匀;复合粉末在1050℃真空烧结后相对密度只有91.5%,经热挤压后致密度提高到97.07%,布氏硬度达到223,组织细密,W相和Cu相分布均匀,钨颗粒细小(1~3μm),形成典型的钨骨架和铜网络结构。经过后续的退火处理,钨铜分布更均匀,钨粒径进一步减小,材料的致密度和电导率都更高,分别为98.82%和43.31%IACS,形成良好的综合性能指标匹配。     

纳米复合W-Cu FGM的致密性及界面结合特征

以溶胶-喷雾干燥-热还原制备的纳米晶W-Cu复合粉末为原料,通过球磨改性、叠层压制和一步液相烧结分别制备3种两层梯度复合细晶W-Cu材料(W-10Cu/W-30Cu,W-20Cu/W-30Cu和W-30Cu/W-50Cu),对其致密度、组织成分特征及界面结合性能进行研究与分析。结果表明:3种梯度材料各均质层都达到高致密(相对密度98%);梯度材料具有明显的梯度组织,界面结合完好,Cu相呈连续网状结构,包裹在均匀分布的细小W晶粒周围;成分呈阶梯式变化,各层成分因Cu相的迁移和流失与初始设计值有一定的偏差;材料力学性能呈现梯度性,界面显微硬度处在两层显微硬度之间,结合强度高于各自富Cu层的拉伸强度,表明纳米复合W-Cu功能梯度材料各成分层之间有着优良的结合性。     

微束等离子喷涂电流强度对铜涂层的影响

采用微束等离子喷涂方法在功率小于1.5kW的条件下制备了铜涂层。研究了喷涂电流强度对涂层形貌、组织结构和性能的影响。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层的形貌和组织结构,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对涂层进行物相分析,用LECOTC316气体抽提仪测定涂层氧含量以及用SIGMATEST电导率测量仪测量涂层的电导率。结果表明,在实验条件下,喷涂电流对涂层的组织结构和性能产生较大的影响。随着电流的增加,涂层的颜色由橙色变为砖红色最后变为黑色。涂层的成分由铜转变为铜和铜的氧化物。涂层的氧含量和沉积率随着电流强度的增加而增加。涂层的电导率随着电流强度的增加先增加后减小,在喷涂电流为30A时涂层的电导率最好,为17%IACS。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.