口腔白念珠菌基因型分析及临床意义

目的 研究不同口腔黏膜病白念珠菌分离株的基因型特点。方法 采用计算机系统辅助随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分析，对健康人和黏膜病患者口腔的38株念珠菌菌株进行基因分型。结果 38株菌株中36株被鉴定为白念菌，其余2株为热带念珠菌。白念菌RAPD分析共出现21种RAPD带型。扁平苔藓组与口腔念珠菌病组间白念致病菌RAPD指纹图无明显相似性。结论 不同基因型白念菌的定植可能与口腔黏膜病的种类有关。     

口腔念珠菌病诊断的研究

作者通过对口腔念珠菌病患者及对照组的临床、微生物及免疫学研究，探讨这些检查方法在口腔念珠菌病的诊断价值。几种营养方法中，含漱浓缩培养阳性率最高，其次为唾液培养，二者均优于棉拭子培养。抗念珠菌荧光抗体测定结果表明：血清抗念珠菌荧光ＩｇＧ抗体滴度≥１：１６，唾液抗念珠菌荧光ＩｇＡ抗体滴度≥１：１可做为口腔念珠菌病的辅助诊断手段。本文作者认为含漱浓缩培养及唾液培养较目前国内常用的棉拭子培养更准确，宜于推     

口腔念珠菌病的治疗体会

我们在临床上分别使用氟康唑和制霉菌素治疗口腔白色念珠菌病 ,并注意改善口腔局部环境 ,调理全身状况 ,均取得较好的疗效 ,现报道如下 :1　材料与方法1.1　一般资料选取我院黏膜科门诊收治的口腔白色念珠菌病患者 90例 ,均经涂片镜检查见念珠菌菌丝或Ｓａｂｏｕｒａｕｄ培养基培养菌落多于 2 0 0个 ,并有临床症状者。其中急性假膜型 15例 ,急性红斑型 2 7例 ,慢性红斑型 48例。年龄 2～ 78岁 ,平均 49.4岁 ,男 5 4例 ,女 3 6例。1.2　分组按随机数字表分为 2组 ,Ａ组 45例使用制霉菌素治疗 ,Ｂ组 45例使用氟康唑治疗。1.3　临床资料Ａ组　…     

口腔白色念珠菌病95 例临床分析及治疗体会

目的：探讨口腔白色念珠菌病的发病原因，提出初步治疗和预防措施。方法：对95例口腔白色念珠菌患者进行分型，并采用氟康唑、多抗甲素等药物对各型口腔念珠菌病患者进行综合治疗，观察其疗效；同时进行真菌学学涂片镜检，了解所用药物对白色念珠菌的清除情况。结果：综合治疗后，白色念珠菌病患者治愈率为35．79％，好转率为57．89％；白色珠菌清除率为80．59％。结论：白色念珠菌为条件致病菌，在全身或局部因素诱导下容易发病，氟康唑等药物能有效治疗口腔白色念珠菌病。     

铁剂在治疗口腔白色念珠菌病中作用的研究

目的 探讨缺铁性贫血与口腔白色念珠菌病间的关系，以及补铁在治疗口腔白色念珠菌病中的作用。方法对145例确诊为口腔白色念珠菌病的患者行血液学检查，将其中46例患有缺铁性贫血者随机分为两组，对照组采用常规抗真菌治疗，实验组采用抗真菌联合补铁治疗。结果145例口腔白色念珠菌病患者中有46例合并缺铁性贫血（31．7％）。实验组近期疗效与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0．05），远期疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论缺铁性贫血是口腔白色念珠菌病的一个重要诱因，对于合并缺铁性贫血的口腔白色念珠菌病患者，联合补铁治疗能够显著提高远期治愈率。     

老年人口腔念珠菌病的临床观察

口腔念珠菌病是较为常见的病,其致病菌主要是白色念珠菌,正常人口腔带菌情况,各文献报告颇不一致,国内资料约6.4～8.83%,国外报告高达50%,但不致病,必须在某些全身、局部诱因条件下可转化为致病菌而导致感染,老年体弱病人具有发病诱因条件较多。本文总结1986年以来确诊为念珠菌感染的病例47例,分析其诱因、     

口腔黏膜病

二期梅毒40例口腔表现及病理分析;TFAR19在口腔白斑和口腔鳞癌中表达的研究;人体口腔黏膜上皮细胞体外培养和鉴定;复发性口腔念珠菌病患者感染源初探;口腔黏膜下纤维化的易感性研究（综述）     

68株临床分离口腔念珠菌对4种抗真菌药的体外药敏实验结果分析

目的：评价临床致病性口腔念珠菌感染的种类及对氟康唑、两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶和伊曲康唑的药物敏感性,比较各种口腔黏膜病中的感染菌株的种类和耐药比例,为临床用药提供指导。方法：收集临床菌株,经YBC Test Kit鉴定其念珠菌种类;根据NCCLS的M27-A2标准方案测定3组（口腔念珠菌病、口腔扁平苔藓合并口腔念珠菌感染、头颈部放化疗患者合并口腔念珠菌感染）菌株对4种抗真菌药物的最低抑菌浓度,并比较不同口腔黏膜病合并念珠菌感染菌株的耐药状况。结果：68株临床分离株对5-氟胞嘧啶全部敏感,91．2％对两性霉素B敏感,氟康唑和伊曲康唑的耐药比例分别为13．2％和22．1％,放化疗组的非白色念株菌比例及耐药比例明显高于口腔念珠菌病组和扁平苔藓组。结论：口腔念珠菌感染菌株对氟康唑和伊曲康唑存在较高耐药比例和交叉耐药比例,头颈部肿瘤放疗或化疗患者口腔念珠菌感染菌株的非白色念株菌比例及耐药比例明显高于口腔念珠菌病和扁平苔藓合并口腔念珠菌感染菌株。     

口腔黏膜病患者口腔念珠菌感染情况的分析

目的 分析了解口腔黏膜病患者感染白念珠菌的情况。方法 收集2019年就诊于口腔黏膜科并进行白念珠菌培养的2 289 例患者,收集其基本信息、临床资料及实验室检查情况。按年龄分组:0～16岁(1组,38例),17～29岁(2组,181例),30～39岁(3组,274例),40～49岁(4组,325例),50～59岁(5组,535例),60～69岁(6组,540例),70岁及以上(7组,396例)。结果 白念珠菌总感染率为 30.6%,且女性患者感染率高于男性(33.1% vs.25.1%,P<0.05)。随着年龄的增长,白念珠菌感染率总体是上升的,且第6、7组感染率明显高于第2、3、4、5组(P<0.05)。除了口腔念珠菌病本身,唇舌疾病及口腔斑纹类疾病中最容易检测出白念珠菌,且白念珠菌的阳性检出与唇舌疾病、干燥综合征、口腔斑纹类疾病等相关。在同时进行白念珠菌培养及真菌镜检且白念珠菌培养阳性的患者中,真菌镜检阳性为50例,阳性率为35.5%。对白念珠菌培养阳性患者进行制霉素片及2%～3%碳酸氢钠溶液的局部治疗,其药物有效率为81.36%。结论 口腔念珠菌病更容易发生于60岁以上老年女性;且与系统性疾病、口腔斑纹类疾病相关。制霉素片联合2%～3%碳酸氢钠溶液局部治疗口腔念珠菌病效果尚可。     

口腔念珠菌病的治疗探讨

本文选用新药西地碘及抗真菌传统药物制霉菌素治疗口腔念珠菌病患者68例，其中西地碘者36例，近期有效率为94.5%，用制霉菌素者32例，，近期有效率为100%，当病损及症状消失，白色念珠菌检查转为阴性后停药半年以上复查时，伴有全身病及其他口腔粘膜病的继发性口腔念珠菌病者西地磺组复发率为45.5%，制霉菌素组复发率为50%；而仅有口腔感染的原发性口腔念珠菌病者，无论西地碘或制霉菌素组均无复发病例，本文作者认为当口腔有真菌或病毒混合感染时，用西西地碘可同时对之发挥作用，避免了再用抗生素而加重真菌感染，同时强调治疗口腔念珠菌病不能忽略全身病及其他口腔粘膜病的治疗，并应注意义齿清洁等口腔局部环境的改善。     

Role of saliva in oral dryness,oral feel and oral malodour

Patients who believe they have oral malodour often have a dry mouth condition instead. Here we have examined its relation to oral malodour, real or perceived. A direct relationship between the thickness of the film of residual saliva on mucosal surfaces throughout the mouth and perception of a dry mouth was observed. On the hard palate, the thickness of this film proved to be diagnostic for a dry mouth and corresponded to lower resting saliva flow and pH levels (P< 0.001). Intra-muscular administration of the anti-sialogogue, Robinul, accurately produced the dry mouth condition. Using a sulphide monitor, loss of volatile sulphur compounds into mouth air progressively occurred as the mouth became drier. Mouth pH and Eh on the dorsum of the tongue correspondingly fell. Mouth breathing led to tongue and palate moisture loss thus enabling escape of malodour volatiles into mouth air. Measurement of oral dryness should make it possible to differentiate genuine malodour from dry mouth related pseudo-malodour subjects, and in turn, the latter from patients that are halitophobic. This should facilitate identification of such patients and avoid error in their clinical management.     

Evidence-based practice of oral pathology and oral medicine

Oral pathology is the specialty area of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis and management of oral diseases and more specifically, diseases other than dental caries, periodontal disease, restorative dentistry, and orthodontic therapy. Oral medicine represents the clinical arm of oral pathology and deals with diagnosis and treatment of soft-tissue lesions, whereas oral histopathology is the specialty area that focuses on the microscopic diagnosis of soft- and hard-tissue lesions of the head and neck area. The diagnosis and treatment of oral pathologic conditions is often based on empirical decision-making and many approaches to treatment have not been well-supported by clinicopathologic studies. The need for evidence-based, scientifically documented approaches to both diagnosis and treatment is eminent. Specific diagnostic criteria are lacking for many oral diseases, and therapeutic strategies have not been assessed by the gold standard of placebo-controlled, double-blind trials. Additionally, there are scientific data in the published literature that continue to be ignored by dental practitioners who manage patients with oral pathologic conditions. In this article, specific disease entities that are commonly managed by oral pathologists and oral medicine practitioners will be discussed with recommendations for future scientific studies that can serve as a framework for evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.     

Detection of survivin mRNA in healthy oral mucosa, oral leucoplakia and oral cancer

Background:  Survivin is involved in modulation of cell death and cell division processes. Survivin expression in normal adult tissues has not been fully understood, although it is markedly lower than in cancer, where it is over-expressed.
Objective:  To investigate survivin expression in normal, potentially malignant and cancerous oral mucosa.
Methods:  We measured survivin mRNA levels by real-time RT-PCR in specimens of oral mucosa (15 from normal mucosa, 17 from potentially malignant lesions, 17 from neoplasms). Scores were compared using Kruskal–Wallis test and post hoc according to Conover. Chi-squared test was used for dichotomous data.
Results:  The median relative levels of survivin mRNA resulted six for normal mucosa, eight for potentially malignant lesions, 13 for cancers: differences among these three groups were statistically significant, as between cancer and potentially malignant lesions. Expression in normal mucosa and potentially lesions group showed no significant difference. Low, but not marginal expression of survivin in normal mucosa is a new finding, and it could be explained with the higher sensibility of our methods.
Conclusions:  Survivin expression in oral potentially malignant lesions might indicate a progressive deregulation of expression paralleling oncogenesis, particularly during the first stages of process, suggesting a putative predictive role for survivin.     

Prevention of oral diseases and oral health promotion.

Research and activities, as promoted in 1989 and 1990, in oral disease prevention and health promotion are summarized. Significant syntheses of research findings have occurred, as a result of planning and workship activities, which will direct oral health promotion in the 1990s. Original research on established and new preventive therapies for dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral mucosal alterations, soft-tissue lesions, precancers and cancers, and trauma are reported, opportunities to prevent oral diseases or maintain oral health through changes in individual behaviors, professional orientation, and social and environmental changes are addressed.     

Effect of oral anticipatory guidance on oral health and oral hygiene practices in preschool children

Thirty children (6 to 18 months), enrolled in a dental program since birth, make up the intervention group. Control group consisted of thirty children who were of similar age and gender but had never been to a dental office. The presence of visible dental plaque and the performance of oral hygiene differed statistically between both groups. The dental program was effective in reducing visible dental plaque, and in establishing oral health habits among parents and young children.     

Influence of oral health and lifestyle on oral malodour

Objective: To assess the influence of oral health and lifestyle on the prevalence of oral malodour among university students. Materials and methods: Self‐administered questionnaires. Chi‐square test was used to detect any significant association between malodour and various variables. Results: 9% of males and 6% of females complained of malodour, while 36% of males and 31% of females did not complain of malodour. Nevertheless, 12% of the males and 6% of females were unable to decide. The highest percentage of respondents not complaining of malodour were non‐smokers (55%). A significant number of respondents were free from caries (48%), gingival disease (55%) and also were not complaining of malodour. Statistically, a significant association was found between malodour and gingival disease (p < 0.05) and between malodour and the use of a toothbrush on a daily basis (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results highlight the influence of oral self‐care and lifestyle on malodour. Public awareness, diagnosis and treatment of malodour are primarily the responsibility of dentists. Malodour can have a distressing effect and the affected person may avoid socialising.     

Relationship between chronic trauma of the oral mucosa,oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39 : 513–517 Background: Oral cancer represents 2%–5% of all cancers, being one of the 10 most frequent ones. Apart from oral cancer risk factors already described in literature, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, others emerging risk factors have been proposed, such as chronic irritation from dental factors. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of chronic trauma of the oral mucosa (CTOM) in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and cancer. Methods: A retrospective study of 406 patients (both sexes; aged between 18 and 80 years; with OPMD and cancer) who attended the Department of Clinical Stomatology A of the National University of Cordoba was performed by non‐probabilistic sampling. The association of variables and outcome variable diagnosis, with levels control, OPMD, oral cancer, was evaluated by multinomial regression model. Results: Population under study was represented by 72% of control patients, 16% patients with OPMD and 11% of patients with oral cancer. It was observed a significant association between diagnosis and CTOM (P = 0.000), after adjustment of confounding factors (smoking and drinking habits, sex, cancer inheritance and denture use). Conclusions: Our results suggest that CTOM is, together with other factors, an important risk factor in patients with oral cancer diagnosis, but not for patients with OPMD.