高活性氧化锌Z80对填充炭黑NR胶料性能影响的研究

高活性氧化锌Z80的主要特点是氧化锌含量较间接法氧化锌的含量低，比表面积大、活性高，并且较普通氧化锌价格便宜。通过高活性氧化锌Z80等量或减量替代间接法氧化锌对填充炭黑NR胶料性能的影响试验表明，当用高活性氧化锌Z80等量或减量替代间接法氧化锌时，胶料的焦烧时间延长；当用高活性氧化锌Z80等量或减量30％-60％替代间接法氧化锌时，胶料的正硫化时间和300％定伸应力呈现下降趋势；超过25％（与间接法氧化锌的含量相当）使用高活性氧化锌Z80替代间接法氧化锌时，胶料的抗硫化返原性能明显提高。     

纳米氧化锌在载重轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究纳米氧化锌减量替代间接法氧化锌在载重轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明,与间接法氧化锌相比,比表面积为60 m2.g-1的纳米氧化锌胶料的MH增大,ts2,t10和t90延长,硫化胶的拉伸强度和耐磨性提高;以纳米氧化锌减量50%替代间接法氧化锌用于胎面胶中,硫化胶的物理性能总体提高,成品轮胎的速度性能、耐久性能和耐磨性能有所提高。     

纳米氧化锌对NR/BR胎面胶性能的影响

试验研究纳米氧化锌对不同并用比NR/BR并用胶性能的影响及其减量替代间接法氧化锌在载重轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明,以纳米氧化锌等量替代间接法氧化锌用于不同并用比NR/BR并用胶中,胶料的t10和t90延长,且随着BR用量的增大,延迟时间进一步延长;硫化胶的300%定伸应力、拉断强度和回弹值增大,二者300%定伸应力和拉断强度的差值随着NR/BR并用比的变化而无明显变化,回弹值的差值随着BR用量的增大而增大;抗撕裂性能和耐疲劳性能下降;以纳米氧化锌减量25%替代间接法氧化锌用于NR/BR(并用比60/40)胎面胶中,可改善胶料的加工安全性,降低生热,提高老化后性能,成品轮胎的耐久性能有所提高。     

纳米氧化锌在斜交轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验考察用纳米氧化锌等量或减量替代普通氧化锌在轮胎胎面胶中的应用效果。试验结果表明,纳米氧化锌可延长胶料的焦烧时间,提高硫化胶的拉伸性能和耐磨性能,硫化胶的耐老化性能也较好;减量替代比等量替代的效果更佳。轮胎成品试验表明胎面胶的耐磨性能改善。     

纳米氧化锌在NBR密封制品胶料中的应用

对纳为氧化锌替代间接法氧化锌在NBR密封制品胶料中作活性剂进行了研究。结果表明，纳米氧化锌（用量3－4.5份）减量替代间接法氧化锌（用量6份），硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度提高，回弹值增大，密度减小，耐油性明显改善，生产成本降低。     

纳米氧化锌在载重子午线轮胎钢丝带束层胶中的应用

研究在载重子午线轮胎钢丝带束层胶中用纳米氧化锌等量或减量替代普通间接法氧化锌的应用效果。结果表明：采用纳米氧化锌的试验配方胶料的硫化特性和物理性能优于或相当于采用间接法氧化锌的生产配方胶料,钢丝帘线的H抽出力明显提高;综合考虑,使用6份纳米氧化锌替代8份间接法氧化锌较适宜。     

纳米氧化锌在斜交轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究纳米氧化锌在斜交轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:在胎面胶中以纳米氧化锌减量25%替代普通氧化锌,胶料的t10和t90延长,抗硫化返原性明显提高;硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度、300%定伸应力和拉伸强度增大,耐磨性能略有提高,压缩生热降低;成品轮胎的耐久性能提高,且生产成本降低。     

纳米氧化锌在载重子午线轮胎中的应用

对纳米氧化锌替代间接法氧化锌在载重子午线轮胎钢丝粘合胶、胎肩胶和气密层胶中的应用进行了研究。结果表明，纳米氧化锌减量(25％)替代间接法氧化锌，钢丝粘合胶和胎肩胶的门尼焦烧时间延长，而气密层胶的门尼焦烧时间缩短；3种胶料的物理性能变化不大，密度和滞后损失减小，高温硫化返原性增强；钢丝粘合胶和胎肩胶的耐高温老化性能有所降低。纳米氧化锌更适用于气密层胶。     

纳米氧化锌在橡胶中的作用机理及应用

根据无机配合剂在橡胶中的分散形态，研究纳米氧化锌在橡胶中的作用机理及其对胶料性能的影响。在硫化过程中氧化锌作为活性剂与有机促进剂、硬脂酸、硫黄等的反应发生在氧化锌粒子的表面。以纳米氧化锌等量替代普通问接法氧化锌，可提高硫化胶的300％定伸应力和耐磨性，减小压缩永久变形，降低压缩疲劳温升；以纳米氧化锌减量50％替代间接法氧化锌，仍可保证硫化胶的性能要求。     

纳米氧化锌在轻载子午线轮胎中的应用

研究了纳米氧化锌在轻型载重子午线轮胎胎面胶及钢丝带束层胶料中的应用效果。用纳米氧化锌减量替代间接法氧化锌，胶料的门尼粘度下降，门尼焦烧时间延长，硫化特性基本保持不变；硫化胶的撕裂强度、耐磨性及H抽出力有所提高；试验轮胎的耐久性能及累计平均磨耗里程均较生产轮胎有所提高；可适当降低胶料成本。     

金属氧化物吸收微波辐射的能力与其结构的关系

考察了８种金属氧化物及６种复合金属氧化物在微波场中的升温行为，并对升温行为与其结构的关系进行了初步探讨。     

中国专用氧化镁开发现状及其发展建议

介绍了氧化镁系列产品应用领域及生产现状,中国专用氧化镁如活性氧化镁、电工级氧化镁、硅钢级氧化镁、高纯氧化镁等开发是成功的,其中高纯氧化镁已达到世界领先水平;硅钢级氧化镁不仅已工业化,并成功应用于武钢硅钢片的生产上,取得显著经济效益,但总体上看研发技术虽然成功,工业化生产量还不足。提出了中国专用氧化镁发展必须充分利用中国十分丰富镁资源,扬长避短,发挥原料及生产方法优势,采用先进设备,提升装置及自控水平,建立万吨级骨干企业,提高专用化率等建议,提高精细氧化镁品种及产量以满足国内外市场需求。     

纯正黑色釉的研制

研究了用金属氧化物和硅酸盐材料直接制取纯正黑色釉的可行性，探讨了氧化铁、氧化铝、氧化钢、氧化信和氧化锰对黑釉性质的影响。     

Formation of self-ordered nano-tubular structure of anodic oxide layer on titanium

Room temperature anodization of titanium foil specimens was carried out in 0.5 M phosphoric acid solution with addition of various halide ions. Addition of 0.138 M HF or NaF resulted in self-ordered nano-tubular oxide structure. Addition of bromide and chloride ions initiated only pitting and nano-pores were not observed during anodization. Acidified fluoride solution is found to be necessary to obtain ordered nano-structure as neutral fluoride solution did not form nano-pores. Instability of the oxide layer during anodization and formation of the self-ordered structure can be explained by the perturbation theory. Separation of individual nano-tubes of titanium oxide layer from the inter-connected nano-pores could be attributed to the possible repulsion forces of the cation vacancies.     

超细In2O3-SnO2复合催化剂的制备及其催化性能的研究

以InCl3·4H2O及SnCl4·5H2O为原料,用共沉淀法制备超细In2O3SnO2复合催化剂,用XRD、TEM、TPD等对所制备的样品催化剂进行表征.XRD、TEM测定结果表明,所制备的样品粒径20～30 nm,分布窄,用TPD测定了样品对O2及CH4的脱附情况.CH4的催化燃烧试验表明,所制备的In2O3-SnO2复合催化剂具有良好的催化反应活性.     

CuO／Ce1-xZrxO2催化分解NO的研究

NO对环境的影响日益严重,如果不有效将其消除掉,将会对环境及人的健康产生极大的危害。因此,目前各国都在研究廉价消除NO污染的方法。采用共沉淀法制备了催化剂CuO／Ce1-xZrxO2,利用XRD对其晶相进行表征,H2-TPR研究了其氧化还原能力,以NO的转化效率作为评价指标。结果表明：适当比例zr的加入以及适当比例的CuO能提高活性。     

Sintering of Zinc Oxide Doped with Antimony Oxide and Bismuth Oxide

The phase change, densification, and microstructure development of ZnO doped with both Bi₂O₃ and Sb₂O₃ are studied to better understand the sintering behavior of ZnO varistors. The densification behavior is related to the formation of pyrochlore and liquid phases; the densification is retarded by the former and promoted by the latter. The pyrochlore phase, whose composition is Bi_3/2ZnSb_3/2O₇, appears below 700°C. The formation temperature of the liquid phase depends on the Sb/Bi ratio: about 750°C for Sb/Bi < 1 by the eutectic melting in the system ZnO—Bi₂O₃, and about 1000°C for Sb/Bi > 1 by the reaction of the pyrochlore phase with ZnO. Hence, the densification rate is determined virtually by the Sb/Bi ratio and not by the total amount of additives. The microstructure depends on the sintering temperature. Sintering at 1000°C forms intragrain pyrochlore particles in ZnO grains as well as intergranular layers, but the intragrain particles disappear at 1200°C by the increased amount of liquid phase, which enhances the mobility of the solid second phase.     

Effect of Additives on the Hydration Resistance of Materials Synthesized from the Magnesia–Calcia System

The effect of a variety of doping additives on the hydration resistance of calcined materials in the MgO–CaO system was investigated. Samples were prepared from lightly calcined flotation magnesite that was mixed with dolomite, as well as from analytically pure CaO and MgO; then, the samples were doped with additives that contained cations with various valences (monvalent to tetravalent). Both the hydration rate and the powdering rate were measured. The important role of the higher-valence cations in improving the hydration resistance of the MgO–CaO materials was revealed. This behavior is believed to be due to the formation of vacancies in solid solutions of CaO or MgO with higher-valence cations. The Ti⁴⁺ cation forms a solid solution with CaO, which reduces the Ca²⁺ concentration and leads to the improved hydration resistance of calcined materials from the MgO–CaO system.     

非水解溶胶-凝胶过程制备锡/硅复合氧化物

以无水四氯化锡和正硅酸乙酯为前驱物、环己烷为溶剂,在无氧无水条件下采用非水解溶胶-凝胶过程制备了锡/硅复合氧化物,并对其进行了表征分析。结果表明,在原料Sn/Si摩尔比为1∶2、反应温度为30℃、焙烧温度为500℃时,所得复合氧化物的产率为31.3%,Sn/Si摩尔比为7.4∶1,粒径10nm左右,比表面积22.58cm2.g-1,平均孔径14.3nm,比孔容0.047cm3.g-1,主要为颗粒堆积孔;复合氧化物的主要组成为无定形氧化硅和氧化锡晶体,在焙烧温度达到500～600℃时仍有Sn-O-Si杂键存在。     

The characterization of the V species and the identification of the promoting effect of dopants in V/Ti/O catalysts for o-xylene oxidation

The present work deals with the study of the role of promoters in TiO₂-supported vanadium oxide, catalyst for the oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic anhydride. Two different series of catalysts were prepared, the first one consisting of undoped samples having different vanadium oxide content, and the second one of samples having 7 wt.% V₂O₅ and variable amounts of Sb and Cs as promoters. All the samples were characterized by means of Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermal-programmed reduction and oxidation, in order to define a method for the quantification of the different V species (i.e., isolated vanadium, dispersed polyvanadate and bulk vanadium oxide) that develop on TiO₂ support in the presence of promoters. It was found that polyvanadate and bulk vanadium oxide spontaneously release molecular oxygen at 600–650 °C, whereas the isolated V is not susceptible of self-reduction. The latter species is predominant in samples having low vanadium oxide loading (≤2 wt.% V₂O₅, with TiO₂ surface area 22.5 m²/g), and possesses the highest intrinsic activity in o-xylene conversion. The presence of Sb, a promoter of activity, increases the dispersion of the most active species and also hinders its segregation in the reaction environment. These promoting effects are more pronounced when both Cs and Sb are present.