乙氧硬化醇内镜下注射治疗Dieulafoy病3例

目的探讨乙氧硬化醇内镜下注射治疗Dieulafoy病的疗效。方法对3例Dieulafoy病患者行内镜下局部注射乙氧硬化醇，观察疗效并随访，同时与药物治疗者进行对照。结果乙氧硬化醇治疗者止血效果满意，随访6-18个月均未见再出血。药物治疗者全部发生再出血，死亡1例。结论内镜下硬化剂注射止血疗效显著。     

内镜下注射硬化剂治疗Dieulafoy病出血的价值

目的 :评价内镜下注射硬化剂治疗Dieulafoy病出血的疗效 ,并探讨其再出血的原因。方法 :回顾性分析我科 1 996年 3月～ 2 0 0 2年 1月行上消化道急诊内镜并行内镜下硬化剂注射治疗的Dieulafoy病病人。结果 :35例Dieulafoy病出血的患者 (男 2 5例 ,女 1 0例 ,平均年龄 48.8± 1 6 .2 ,范围 1 9～ 74岁 )均实施了注射硬化治疗 (内镜确诊后环绕血管残端或注血点注射 5 %鱼肝油酸钠 3～ 4点 ,每点 1 .0ml,有活动性出血者再对出血点注射 1 .0ml)。内镜下硬化剂治疗成功率 85 .7% ,4例 (1 1 .4 % )病人内镜治疗失败转外科手术治疗。所有经内镜止血的病人总死亡率 8.57% (3/ 35)。 32例存活的病人在长期随访中无 1例再出血 (平均 3 .8年 )。结论 :内镜下注射硬化剂治疗Dieulafoy病出血安全有效的方法 ,减少了对外科治疗的需求并明显降低了死亡率     

经内镜硬化与应用奥曲肽序贯治疗Dieulafoy病变出血

【目的】评价内镜下硬化与应用奥曲肽序贯治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的疗效。【方法】16例患者经内镜确诊为Dieulafoy病变所致出血后,先以5%鱼肝油酸钠或1%乙氧硬化醇注射止血,再连续应用奥曲肽7d(0.1mg皮下注射,q8h)。【结果】本组早期止血率93.8%(15/16),长期止血率93.8%(15/16),再出血率12.5%(2/16),转外科手术率6.3%(1/16),1例患者术后有一过性上腹疼痛,并发症发生率6.3%(1/16)。【结论】经内镜硬化与应用奥曲肽序贯疗法是治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的安全而有效的手段。     

经内镜皮圈套扎治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的临床研究

目的评价经内镜皮圈套扎治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的疗效及安全性.方法对31例Dieulafoy病变出血患者随机采用内镜下皮圈套扎(EBL,n=16)或硬化剂注射治疗(EIS,n=15).其中20例患者病灶位于胃,8例位于胃肠吻合口,3例位于十二指肠球部.EBL组采用多连发套扎设备,通过负压抽吸,使Dieulafoy病变及其周围组织吸入套扎帽内,然后释放弹力皮圈将其结扎.ElS组选用5%鱼肝油酸钠或1%乙氧硬化醇,绕Dieulafoy病变周围注射止血.结果EBL组套扎组织在内镜治疗后3～7 d内脱落;EBL组早期止血率、远期止血率和转外科手术率均与EIS组相似(分别为93.8%比86.7%,100%比86.7%,0比13.3%;均P>0.05),但再出血率显著低于EIS组(6.3%比40%,P<0.05);两组间并发症发生率差异无显著性(EBL组6.3%,EIS组6.7%,P>0.05).结论EBL是内镜治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的一种安全和有效的方法.     

急诊内镜下硬化治疗在急性非门脉高压症消化道大出血中的应用价值

目的 探讨急诊内镜下硬化治疗术在急性非门脉高压症消化道大出血中的临床应用价值,并评估其安全性.方法 对近6年来47例急性非门脉高压症消化道大出血患者,包括食管贲门黏膜撕裂合并太出血2例,胃、十二指肠溃疡伴血管裸露合并大出血32例,胃十二指肠恒径动脉畸形(杜氏病)合并大出血9例,结、直肠血管畸形伴大出血4例,行急诊内镜检查明确出血部位,并于出血病灶周围注射肾上腺素及硬化剂(鱼肝油酸钠或乙氧硬化醇)止血.观察其疗效及并发症.结果 全部病例经治疗后均基本止血,内镜治疗后经过药物治疗1～2个月复查内镜42例达到临床痊愈,5例出现继发性溃疡,均经药物治疗后痊愈.结论 急诊内镜下硬化治疗术治疗急性消化道大出血具有止血效果确实可靠、创伤小、风险可控等优点,值得推广.     

内镜下栓塞硬化与单纯硬化治疗食管静脉曲张出血的疗效对比

1992年4月~1997年3月，我院对61例食管静脉出血的患者，采用内镜下栓塞硬化治疗与单纯硬化治疗作对比分析，结果表明前者的疗效较好。报道如下。至临床资料1．三一般资料61例均为住院的肝硬化并食管静脉曲张患者。随机分为两组，即内镜下注射1％乙氧硬化醇的单纯硬化组和注射1：20U凝血酶加1％乙氧硬化醇的栓塞硬化组。单纯硬化组刀例，其中男28例，女3例；年龄24－59岁，平均年龄50．2岁；单纯食管静脉曲张26例，并胃底静脉曲张5例；静脉曲张程度按Conn分级：皿级13例，IV级18例，均有红色征；既往反复出血25例，急性出血6例；肝功能chil…     

硬化剂加生物蛋白胶治疗ForrestⅠa,Ⅱa级上消化道出血

目的 了解硬化剂加生物蛋白胶治疗Forrest Ⅰa，Ⅱa级上消化道出血的疗效。方法 治疗组采用内镜直视下将针式导管自活检孔道送至病灶处，在血管周围分四点注射5％鱼肝油酸钠，然后将专用双腔导管通过胃镜活检孔把溶解好的医用生物蛋白胶喷洒在出血灶的面及其周围。对照组：采用内镜下单纯注射5％鱼肝油酸钠，方法 同前，术后禁食3-5d。两组在治疗期间，常规使用质子泵抑制剂，密切观察腹部体征及有无出血。结果 治疗组止血率达100．0％，近期再出血率10．7％，2例行手术治疗，术后病检证实为胃底的平滑肌瘤和胃角的早期腺癌凸对照组止血率达87．5％，近期再出血率28．5％，出血4例再行硬化剂治疗，仍有2例再发出血转外科手术治疗，有1例病检证实为胃癌。结论 硬化剂加生物蛋白胶治疗Forrest Ⅰa，Ⅱa级上消化道出血的疗效肯定，止血率高，再出血率低，且无明显毒副作用，值得推广使用。     

内镜下注射治疗消化性溃疡出血的临床研究

目的分析比较内镜下注射1％乙氧硬化醇和内镜下注射1：100000肾上腺素治疗消化性溃疡出血的疗效及安全性。方法选自2009年7月至2010年7月因呕血和（或）黑便人院,经急诊内镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡出血患者120例,随机分成治疗组和对照组各60例。治疗组采用注射1％乙氧硬化醇止血治疗,对照组采用注射1：100000肾上腺素止血治疗,两组患者均由同一位医师操作完成。结果治疗组止血成功率96．67％（58／60）,对照组止血成功率为92．98％（53／57）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;治疗组与对照组止血成功后3h内再出血率分别为1．72％（1／58）,3．77％（2／53）,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,两组3～24h内再出血率分别为3．45％（2／58）,16．98％（9／53）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者随访2个月再出血率分别为1．72％（1／58）,1．89％（1／53）,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;随访6个月均未发现再出血。均未发现与治疗相关的并发症。两组患者的外科手术率、住院天数和死亡率差别没有统计学意义。结论内镜下注射硬化剂与肾上腺素均是治疗消化性溃疡出血的安全有效方法,并且内镜下注射乙氧硬化醇治疗。     

经内镜联合治疗食管癌25例的体会

目的：探讨内镜下射频治疗加局部化疗药物注射治疗食管癌的疗效。方法：25例食管癌内镜下射频治疗癌肿并局部注射0．02％的丝裂霉素，5－Fu、5％鱼肝油酸钠，射频治疗1周后局部注射，结果25例患者癌肿明显缩小，进食状态改善，无严重并发症，结论：内镜下射频治疗加局部化疗药物注射治疗食管癌，梗阻缓有效100％，疗效显著。     

不同硬化剂对兔血管及其周围组织VEGF和CD34表达的影响

【目的】观察不同硬化剂注射对兔血管及周围组织VEGF和CD34表达的影响,为临床上选择相对理想的血管硬化剂、合理的注射方式以及重复治疗的时机提供依据。【方法】选择3妇的雄性新西兰兔作为研究对象,取其耳缘静脉36支,随机分成5组：1％乙氧硬化醇组（n=8）、无水酒精组（n=8）、5％鱼肝油酸钠组（n=8）、凝血酶组（n=8）以及生理盐水对照组（n=4）。各实验组均分成静脉内硬化剂注射方式及静脉内和静脉旁联合法硬化剂注射方式。分别于注药后d1、d”3、d7、d14处死实验动物取不同硬化剂注射的静脉及周围组织进行常规HE染色以及免疫组化法检测VEGF和CD34的表达情况。【结果】HE染色显示三种硬化剂注射后血管内皮及周围组织损伤以乙氧硬化醇最轻,鱼肝油酸钠次之,无水酒精最重;VEGF及C34在乙氧硬化醇组表现明显升高趋势,鱼肝油酸钠组表现轻度上升继而明显下降趋势,无水酒精组表现明显下降趋势。【结论】从动物实验中HE染色所见病理改变,以及VEGF和CD34的表达情况来看,证实1％的乙氧硬化醇是一种比较理想的硬化剂。     

The usefulness of endoscopic hemoclipping for bleeding Dieulafoy lesions

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage, most commonly from the proximal stomach. Surgery was regarded as the treatment of choice in the past, but recently endoscopic management has become the standard approach. However, the effectiveness of various endoscopic modalities in treating bleeding Dieulafoy lesion has been little studied. This study was therefore done to compare the hemostatic efficacy of endoscopic hemoclipping and epinephrine injection therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2001, a consecutive series of 32 patients with bleeding Dieulafoy lesion underwent endoscopic treatment. They were randomly treated either by endoscopic epinephrine injection therapy (n = 16) or by hemoclipping (n = 16). We compared mortality rate, primary hemostasis rate, and rebleeding rate between two groups. RESULTS: There was no bleeding-related death in either group. There was no significant difference in primary hemostasis rates between the hemoclipping group (93.8 %) and epinephrine injection group (87.5 %, P = 1.00). There was a trend toward a lower rate of need for multiple endoscopic sessions to achieve permanent hemostasis in the hemoclipping group compared with the epinephrine injection group (6.3 % vs. 31.3 %, P = 0.086). Hemoclipping was significantly more effective in preventing recurrent bleeding than epinephrine injection therapy (0 % vs. 35.7 %, P < 0.05). With regard to lesion site, hemoclipping was significantly more effective in preventing recurrent bleeding of gastric body Dieulafoy lesion than epinephrine injection therapy (0 % vs. 50 %, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bleeding from Dieulafoy lesion was well controlled by therapeutic endoscopic procedures. Hemoclipping was more effective for Dieulafoy lesion than epinephrine injection therapy, with less need for subsequent endoscopy.     

49例急诊内镜诊治Dieulafoy病的护理配合

目的：探讨急诊内镜下诊治Dieulafoy病的护理配合方法。方法：在内镜下对49例Dieulafoy病病人进行诊治护理,内容主要包括内镜检查前常规准备,活动性出血伴休克的抢救及术中止血治疗的护理配合等。结果：本组病人均在消化道出血12 h内行急诊诊治,其中4例诊断后直接转外科治疗,其余45例经内镜成功止血。49例Dieulafoy病病人均成功获救。结论：急诊内镜诊治应争取在消化道出血后24 h内进行,生命体征不平稳的病人,可在内科抗休克的同时进行内镜下治疗。护士熟练掌握配合内镜止血治疗的护理措施至关重要。     

Endoscopic management and follow up of Dieulafoy lesion in the upper gastrointestinal tract

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Dieulafoy's lesion is an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment have been widely accepted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic management, including hemoclipping and injection methods, for bleeding Dieulafoy lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1995 and 2003, 61 patients with bleeding Dieulafoy lesions underwent endoscopic treatment. The available hemostatic methods were hemoclipping, hypertonic saline-epinephrine injection, and pure ethanol injection. Clinical data, endoscopic features, and treatment outcome were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Comorbid conditions were present in 39 patients (64 %). Active bleeding was noted in 20 patients (33 %). Hemoclipping was a selected treatment in 48 patients (79 %). Initial hemostasis was achieved in 61 patients (100 %). One patient had rebleeding 6 days after the initial procedure but was successfully treated endoscopically. The 30-day mortality was 0 %. During follow-up, for a mean of 47 months, 15 patients (25 %) died of causes unrelated to the Dieulafoy lesion. Two patients had recurrent bleeding due to non-Dieulafoy gastric ulcer, and responded to endoscopic therapy. We encountered no patients who required surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Dieulafoy lesion can be successfully managed by endoscopic treatment. The long-term outcome is acceptable.     

Life-threatening intraabdominal arterial embolization after histoacryl injection for bleeding gastric ulcer

N-butyl-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl) injection has become the treatment of choice for acutely bleeding esophagogastric varices, and is the only effective option for endoscopic treatment of gastric varices. Recent reports confirm the ability of Histoacryl injection therapy to achieve immediate hemostasis in cases of gastric ulcer bleeding or Dieulafoy ulcer, where conventional endoscopic hemostatic treatment had failed. Although the overall safety record of Histoacryl injection has been relatively good, there have been scattered cases of serious complications. Here, we present two patients showing life-threatening intraabdominal arterial embolization after Histoacryl injection. They had chronic gastric ulcers with active arterial bleeding. In spite of attempts at hemostatic treatment, complete hemostasis was not achieved. We injected Histoacryl, diluted with Lipiodol, into bleeding gastric ulcers, resulting in successful hemostasis. Soon after the procedure, intraabdominal arterial embolization developed in both patients. One patient survived and the other died. Based on these experiences, we would like to warn gastrointestinal endoscopists to be alert to these fatal complications, and we propose that less diluted Histoacryl seems to be preferable in cases of bleeding peptic ulcers.     

Dieulafoy病的诊断与治疗(附18例报告)

目的：探讨Dieulafoy病的内镜诊断与治疗。方法：回顾性分析18例引起上消化道出血的Dieulafoy病的临床表现，内镜下特征，治疗方法与效果。结果：18例中有13例（72.2%)为1次检查确诊，5例为2次或2次以上检查确诊；其中15例经内镜止血成功，首次治疗成功12例（66.7%)，3例经2次内镜止血成功（16.6%)，3例需外科手术（16.6%)。结论：在Dieulafoy病的诊断及治疗中，内镜为首选方法。     

硬化剂注射治疗胃Dieulafoy病

目的：评价硬化剂注射对胃内Dieulafoy病的治疗效果。方法：对16例胃内Dieulafoy病引起上消化道出血的患者进行内镜下硬化剂注射治疗。并对临床及治疗效果进行分析。结果：15例患者经注射后上血成功。一次注射止血成功者13例（81．2％）。再次注射上血成功者2例,（13．3％）。由于活动出血未能控制而需手术治疗者1例。随访1年,无一例再发生出血。结论胃Dieulafoy病引起的出血可以成功地采用内镜下注射硬化剂止血,该方法简单且疗效良好,临床上值得首先选用。     

内镜微波治疗胃贲门粘膜撕裂综合征

评价胃贲门粘膜撕裂综合征内镜波微治疗的效果。方法：将１９９３ 年１ 月～１９９９ 年１ 月收治的３４例有活动性出血的胃贲门粘膜撕裂综合征病例随机分组，实验组应用内镜微波治疗，对照组经内镜局部用药。结果：内镜微波治疗组一次止血率明显高于局部用药组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ，两者对裂伤粘膜愈合的影响无显著性差异。内镜治疗未见远期并发症。结论：内镜微波治疗胃贲门粘膜撕裂综合征治疗效果肯定，方法简便，恰当使用能避免外科手术     

Endoscopic hemostasis by injection therapy and electro-hydro-coagulation in high-risk patients with active gastroduodenal bleeding ulcer

For the purpose of arresting hemorrhage from bleeding gastric or duodenal ulcers we developed, in 28 high-risk patients, a new method of endoscopic local injection of epinephrine (1:10,000) followed by electro-hydro monopolar coagulation and injection of Polidocanol (1%). Nine patients had signs of shock at the time of admission. The average blood requirements were 3.9 units in the first 24 hours. All patients had important factors militating against surgery, namely age and serious primary disease. In 26 out of 28 patients (92.8%) hemostasis was accomplished during endoscopy. Three patients (10.7%) rebled within the first 36 hours, requiring emergency surgery. Thus definitive hemostasis was achieved in 23 patients (82.1%). There were no complications as a result of endoscopic treatment.     

经内镜钛夹与应用奥曲肽序贯疗法对Dieulafoy病变出血的疗效研究

目的研究内镜下钛夹与应用奥曲肽序贯疗法对Dieulafoy病变出血的疗效。方法对15例Dieulafoy病变患者在内镜下确诊后即行钛夹止血,再连续应用奥曲肽持续静脉泵入0.0125~0.025 mg/h,共用3~5 d。结果 15例患者胃镜下钛夹止血均成功,即时止血率100.00%,再出血率6.67%,全组均未见并发症。结论经内镜钛夹与应用奥曲肽序贯疗法是治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的安全而有效的手段。     

Dieulafoy病14例诊治分析

目的:分析Dieulafoy病诱发消化道大出血的发病机制,探讨其临床特点及治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析因消化道出血而收治的14例Dieulafoy病患者的临床资料。结果:14中首发表现为呕血伴黑便8例,仅呕血4例。仅黑便2例。14例中内镜治疗9例,其中注射高渗盐水或硬化剂4例,射频治疗3例,内镜下金属夹钳夹止血2例,均立即止血。手术5例,均治愈。所有患者随访1年均无复发。结论:消化道出血是Dieulafoy病的主要临床症状,内镜是诊断和治疗Dieulafoy病的首选方法;对于不能内镜治疗者,手术治疗可彻底解决血管畸形问题,仍为重要治疗手段。