黄芪多糖对感染型脑室周围白质软化新生大鼠的脑保护作用

目的 观察黄芪多糖对感染型脑室周围白质软化新生大鼠的脑保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 通过脑内注射脂多糖(LPS) 1 mg/kg,建立2日龄感染型脑室周围白质转化(PVL)新生大鼠动物模型。将新生大鼠分为假手术对照组(Sham组)、PVL组、黄芪多糖治疗组。黄芪多糖组于模型制备后在脑内注射脂多糖(LPS)后,通过腹腔注射黄芪多糖100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1,连续治疗3 d。在LPS脑内注射后第5天,观察脑病理组织学变化,检测脑组织TLR-4、iNOS蛋白表达以及一氧化氮含量。结果 脑病理显示黄芪多糖组的脑白质病变较PVL组明显改善,其中重度白质病变的发生率较PVL组降低了30%,另有16.7%的脑白质完全正常;与PVL组比较,黄芪多糖治疗组的TLR-4、iNOS蛋白表达量较PVL组明显减少,一氧化氮含量明显降低。结论 黄芪多糖对LPS引起的脑白质损伤具有良好的保护作用,与其抑制TLR4信号通路、减少iNOs和一氧化氮生成有关。     

白果内酯对早产仔鼠WMI的改善作用及其机制

目的 探讨白果内酯对早产仔鼠脑室周围白质损伤(WMI)的改善作用及其机制.方法 对Wistar孕鼠腹腔注射脂多糖致子宫炎症建造早产仔鼠WM I模型,建模仔鼠分为模型组、白果内酯组、激动剂组,另取腹腔注射生理盐水孕鼠作为对照组.白果内酯组、激动剂组分别腹腔注射白果内酯、Ras同源基因(Rho)/Rho相关卷曲螺旋形成蛋白...     

孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠脑皮质体积及脑组织内锌和铜水平的影响

目的:探讨孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠脑皮质容量及脑组织内锌和铜水平的影响.方法:孕期雌性小鼠于怀孕第7～17天每日腹腔注射生理盐水或1.2 g/kg体质量的缬草提取物,分别作为对照组和实验组.怀孕第20天,处死母鼠并取出胚胎.对胎鼠的脑组织解剖、称取质量并进行形态学观察.根据卡瓦列里原理测量胎鼠脑皮质的体积,并使用原子吸收光谱测试法测量胎鼠脑组织中的锌和铜的水平.结果:孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠的大脑质量、脑皮质的体积及脑组织中铜的水平没有影响;然而实验组与对照组相比,胎鼠脑组织中锌的水平明显降低(P＜0.05).结论:虽然孕中期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠没有明显影响,只是降低了胎鼠脑组织中锌的水平,但孕期使用缬草仍应引起注意.     

宫内感染中TNF-α的作用及对新生鼠脑髓鞘碱性蛋白表达变化的影响

目的:研究妊娠18 d孕鼠腹腔注射脂多糖(LPS)致胎鼠损伤中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)作用及新生鼠脑髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)表达的变化.方法:孕18 d大鼠随机分为盐水对照组、LPS组,观察孕鼠腹腔注射LPS(0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 mg/kg)后胎盘病理变化,免疫组化技术检测胎盘TNF-α表达并统计胎鼠死亡率;免疫组化技术检测孕鼠注射LPS0.2 mg/kg后两组新生鼠生后1,3,7,14 d脑组织MBP表达的变化.结果:LPS组胎盘组织炎性病理改变及TNF-α表达明显增强.LPS组药物剂量越大,胎鼠死亡率越高.新生鼠生后7 d有MBP表达,14 dMBP表达增多.LPS组脑组织内MBP表达与同日龄对照组比较减弱,灰度值明显高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:TNF-α可能是致胎鼠损伤的关键细胞因子;母体注射LPS可对新生鼠髓鞘发育产生重要影晌,导致新生鼠脑损伤.     

电针对先天性脑损伤仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘修复的影响

目的观察和探讨电针对宫内感染致脑损伤仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘修复的影响和机制。方法连续两天对孕第17天的孕鼠腹腔注射脂多糖（LPS）[450μg/（kg.d）],制备先天性脑损伤仔鼠模型;对照组孕鼠腹腔注射等量无菌生理盐水,随机选取对照组仔鼠22只;随机选取LPS组仔鼠40只,随机分为非干预组22只和电针组18只,电针组电针组于第7天开始进行干预,分别于第14天、第28天用电子显微镜观察各组仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘,并应用体视学技术测量和计算出脑白质神经髓鞘厚度平均值。结果非干预组、电针组仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘厚度平均值均明显低于对照组（P﹤0.01）,电针组仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘厚度平均值高于非干预组（P﹤0.01）。结论电针干预可促进脑损伤仔鼠脑白质神经髓鞘修复。     

缺血致新生大鼠脑室周围白质软化和远期神经行为变化

目的:建立新生大鼠脑白质损伤模型,探讨脑白质损伤后少突胶质细胞(OL)凋亡和远期神经行为的变化.方法:5日龄新生大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,制作缺血性脑白质损伤动物模型;术后不同时间点观察生长发育,HE染色、免疫荧光标记观察脑组织病理形态改变、细胞变化,悬吊试验、旷场试验、拒俘反应测试神经行为学改变.结果:实验组生长发育明显慢于对照组,HE染色脑室周围白质疏松,侧脑室增大,髓鞘磷脂蛋白(MBP)免疫荧光标记实验组阳性细胞数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05),神经行为学检测实验组大鼠神经行为能力减退.结论:成功建立5日龄新生大鼠脑白质损伤模型,显示新生大鼠脑白质损伤是以脑白质少突胶质细胞损伤为主的病变.     

新生大鼠脑白质损伤后的神经系统修复潜能研究

目的 通过观察实验动物脑组织形态学改变及神经行为改变,了解新生大鼠脑白质损伤后的神经系统自我修复潜能.方法 将48只2-3日龄SD新生大鼠随机分为脑室周围白质软化(PVL)模型组(24只)和对照组(24只),模型组结扎右侧颈总动脉并缺氧2.5 h制备成PVL模型,对照组仅游离右侧颈总动脉但不结扎及缺氧,分别于建模后3 ...     

孕期补充DHA对脂多糖所致宫内感染仔鼠脑组织TLR4表达的影响

目的探讨宫内感染的孕鼠经二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)干预后,对围产期炎症暴露的仔鼠脑组织炎症状态的影响。方法将孕鼠随机分为3组,①实验组(LPS+DHA组):孕期第1天开始给予DHA 130 mg/kg灌胃至分娩。于孕第17、18天连续2次腹腔注射LPS,剂量为350μg/kg;②模型组(LPS组):无菌生理盐水灌胃,同期连续2次腹腔注射LPS,剂量同上;③对照组(NS组):无菌生理盐水灌胃,同期腹腔注射无菌生理盐水0.6 mL。取各组孕21天,生后第1、7、14天(G21,P1,P7,P14)的胎鼠及幼鼠脑组织,用苏木精-伊红染色法观察不同时间点脑组织的病理改变。Realtime-PCR法检测脑组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)、IL-1βmRNA转录水平,Western blot法检测脑组织TLR4、IL-1β蛋白表达水平。结果模型组新生鼠平均出生体重较实验组及对照组减低(均P<0.05)。模型组脑组织苏木精-伊红染色见细胞水肿,组织疏松,细胞数减少。实验组脑细胞水肿较模型组减轻,细胞数减少不明显,而对照组脑组织炎性改变不明显。模型组及实验组IL-1βmRNA、IL-1β蛋白表达较对照组高(均P<0.05),但实验组表达较模型组减低(均P<0.05)。模型组及实验组TLR4mRNA、TLR4蛋白表达较对照组升高(均P<0.05),实验组表达较模型组减少(均P<0.05)。结论孕期LPS腹腔注射可引起孕鼠胎盘和胎儿的炎症反应,导致子代的脑损伤。孕期补充DHA能减少仔鼠脑内致炎细胞因子的表达,因此可能会降低宫内炎症暴露仔鼠脑损伤的发生率。     

孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠脑皮质体积及脑组织内锌和铜水平的影响

目的：探讨孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠脑皮质容量及脑组织内锌和铜水平的影响。方法：孕期雌性小鼠于怀孕第7～17天每日腹腔注射生理盐水或1．2g／kg体质量的缬草提取物,分别作为对照组和实验组。怀孕第20天,处死母鼠并取出胚胎。对胎鼠的脑组织解剖、称取质量并进行形态学观察。根据卡瓦列里原理测量胎鼠脑皮质的体积,并使用原子吸收光谱测试法测量胎鼠脑组织中的锌和铜的水平。结果：孕期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠的大脑质量、脑皮质的体积及脑组织中铜的水平没有影响;然而实验组与对照组相比,胎鼠脑组织中锌的水平明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论：虽然孕中期小鼠腹腔注射缬草提取物对胎鼠没有明显影响,只是降低了胎鼠脑组织中锌的水平,但孕期使用缬草仍应引起注意。     

人脐带间充质干细胞对新生鼠脑白质软化灶的神经保护作用

目的:探讨人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,HUcMSCs),对新生未成熟鼠脑室周围白质软化灶受损神经细胞的保护作用.方法:建立新生大鼠PVL(periventricular leukomalacia)动物模型,造模后随机分为两组.于第5天(P5d)分别给两组大鼠腹腔注射5-溴脱氧尿核苷(5-bromodeoxyuridine,BrdU)标记的第二代HUcMSCs[每只1×107(0.05 ml)-1]或0.05 ml PBS无菌溶液.24 h后(P6d)处死一组大鼠,行BrdU染色观察HUcMSCs在鼠脑内的迁移;另一组于移植HUcMSCs后14 d(P19d)行微型MRI(MicroMRI)扫描观察受损区域修复程度,髓磷脂碱性蛋白(myelin basic protein,MBP)染色观察移植HUcMSCs对大鼠脑室周围脑白质损伤的保护.结果:HUcMSCs在宿主体内明显向侧脑室周围白质损伤区域迁移,且脑室周围存活少突胶质细胞数量明显多于注射PBS组,微型MRI扫描观察到HUcMSCs可缩小受损脑白质病灶,远期神经行为学观察到HUcMSCs移植组神经行为学高于PBS组(P<0.05).结论:HUcMSCs对新生大鼠PVL具有神经保护作用,可缩小病变范围.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.