消退素D2对CVB3诱导的病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的保护作用及机制研究

目的探讨消退素D2（RvD2）对柯萨奇B3病毒（CVB3）诱导的病毒性心肌炎心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用以及可能的机制。方法40只雄性BALB/c小鼠通过随机数字表法分为4组,每组10只,分别为正常对照组、病毒性心肌炎组、RvD2治疗组以及丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶（AKT）抑制剂处理组。后3组小鼠腹腔内注射CVB3病毒构建病毒性心肌炎模型;然后RvD2治疗组和AKT抑制剂处理组小鼠连续腹腔注射相应药物7d。7d后处死4组小鼠并留取心脏及血清标本。前3组小鼠通过病理染色评估心肌组织炎症程度,ELISA法测定血清肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）、B型脑钠肽（BNP）水平,Westernblot法测定心肌组织中凋亡相关蛋白半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）、B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因（Bcl-2）、Bcl-2关联X蛋白（Bax）水平以及AKT蛋白磷酸化水平;最后,通过Westernblot法测定AKT抑制剂处理组小鼠心肌组织中AKT蛋白磷酸化水平以及凋亡蛋白水平。结果与对照组相比,病毒性心肌炎组小鼠心肌组织内炎症反应增加,血清cTnI、BNP水平上调,心肌组织内Caspase-3、Bax水平和AKT磷酸化水平上调,而Bcl-2水平下调（均P＜0.05）。与病毒性心肌炎组相比,RvD2治疗组小鼠心肌组织内炎症反应降低,血清cTnI、BNP水平下调,心肌组织内Caspase-3、Bax水平下调,而Bcl-2水平和AKT蛋白磷酸化水平上调（均P＜0.05）。与RvD2治疗组相比,AKT抑制剂处理组小鼠心肌组织内Caspase-3、Bax水平上调,而Bcl-2水平和AKT蛋白磷酸化水平下调（均P＜0.05）。结论RvD2可通过调控AKT信号通路抑制CVB3感染诱导的病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞凋亡。     

心肌康对慢性病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞的保护作用

目的 观察心肌康对病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞的保护作用.方法 对清洁级Balb/c小鼠采用柯萨奇病毒(CVB3)腹腔注射染毒,制成慢性病毒性心肌炎动物模型,按照随机数字表法分为三组:A组为病毒性心肌炎(VMC)组、B组为心肌康组、C组氯沙坦组.另设20只腹腔接种不含病毒的Eagle's液小鼠为正常对照组,观察心肌康对模型鼠的生存率的影响及对CVB3 RNA表达、Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量的影响.结果 心肌康组、氯沙坦组小鼠的生存率明显高于病毒对照组,心肌康对CVB3感染鼠有保护作用,心肌康组对感染鼠的治疗作用要优于氯沙坦组.结论 心肌康可通过下调CVB3 RNA表达、抑制胶原增生而对心肌细胞产生保护作用.     

黄芪皂甙对小鼠柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用

目的:探讨黄芪皂甙对BALB/c小鼠柯萨奇B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用。方法:雄性BALB/c小鼠腹腔接种CVB3,制成急性病毒性心肌炎模型,接种1 h后腹腔内注入黄芪皂甙5.64×10-3 mg/g,1次/d ×7 d,观测小鼠存活率、血浆乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)、体温、心肌病理变化和心肌病毒滴度的影响。结果:黄芪皂甙治疗组比病毒感染组存活率明显增高,血浆LDH和GOT明显降低,体温保持正常,心脏质量/体质量值显著降低,心肌病理变化减轻,心肌匀浆病毒滴度降低(P＜0.05)。结论:黄芪皂甙有治疗病毒性心肌炎的作用。     

蛋白酶体抑制剂对急性心肌缺血再灌注大鼠心脏结构及功能的影响

目的:观察蛋白酶体抑制剂MG-132对急性缺血,再灌注大鼠心肌结构及功能的影响.方法:44只SD大鼠随机分为假手术(Sham)组12只、缺血再灌注(I/R)组16只及缺血再灌注治疗(I/R+T)组16只;根据再灌注时间不同,各组大鼠又被分为24h及7 d亚组.结扎左冠状动脉前降支30 min制作心肌缺血再灌注模型,I/R+T组于再灌注前5 min静脉注射MG-132(0.75mg/kg),I/R组及Sham组注射生理盐水,观察各组恶性心律失常的发生率、血流动力学参数、心肌组织结构改变及脑钠肽水平.结果:与I/R组相比,豫+T组室性心动过速发生率明显降低(34%vs 67%,P<0.05),心律失常起始时间比IR组显著延迟[(102.0±11.0)s vs(406.0±36.7)s,P<0.01];心功能检测显示,7d后左心室收缩压(Left ventricular systolic pressure,LVSP)及左心室等容收缩期内压最大上升速率(The maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise,+dp/dtmax)增加显著,[分别为(126.45±13.41)mmHg vs(108.64±15.61)mmHg,P<0.05;5 355±754mmHg/s vs 4 860±680mmHg/s,P<0.05],左心室舒张未压(Left ventricular end-diastolicpressure,LVEDP)明显降低[(15.50±6.94)mmHg/s vs(20.66±8.80)mmHg/s,P<0.05],脑钠肽水平由I/R组的(1 486±142)pg/ml降低至(231±134)pg/ml(P<0.01).病理形态学发现,MG-132能显著减少心肌缺血再灌注后心肌细胞坏死、炎症细胞浸润和纤维结缔组织增生,改善心肌组织重塑.结论:蛋白酶体抑制剂能够改善缺血再灌注后的心肌结构和功能,具有心脏保护作用.     

芪芍五味子复方制剂抗CVB3病毒抑制心肌细胞凋亡机制的研究

目的 研究中药芪芍五味子复方制剂抗柯萨奇B3病毒(CVB3)效果及抑制病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的机制.方法 采用细胞培养法观察细胞病变效应(CPE)与广谱抗病毒药物病毒唑对照,进行复方制剂体外抗病毒实验;BALB/c小鼠接种CVB3建立病毒性心肌炎动物模型,随机分为正常对照组、病毒对照组、复方制剂治疗组和维生素C与病毒唑联用组,观察各组心肌病理变化,Real-time定量PCR检测小鼠心肌CVB3RNA水平,流式细胞仪检测心肌细胞凋亡和坏死率.结果 复方制剂体外最大无毒浓度为19.53g/L,预防给药、同时给药和治疗给药3种方式细胞培养所需有效药物浓度均低于病毒唑;与同期病毒对照组小鼠比较,复方制剂治疗组小鼠心肌炎症性病理变化明显减轻,CVB3RNA拷贝数降低(P<0.05),心肌细胞凋亡和坏死率显著降低(P<0.05).结论 芪芍五味子复方制剂可有效抗病毒,抑制病毒诱导心肌细胞凋亡,对CVB3感染小鼠心肌有良好的保护作用.     

大蒜多糖对病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌酶的影响

目的 探讨大蒜多糖对实验性病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌酶的影响。方法 采用BALB/C小鼠腹腔注射柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)建立实验性小鼠病毒性心肌炎模型。小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、大蒜多糖I组、大蒜多糖Ⅱ组、大蒜多糖Ⅲ组和黄芪组。注射病毒1小时后给药，连续7天，于第8天处死存活鼠取材。观察小鼠存活率及心肌病理变化，测定血清心肌酶及心肌组织中的病毒滴度。结果 大蒜多糖治疗组与模型组相比小鼠存活率明显增高，心肌组织病理损伤减轻，血清心肌酶含量和心肌组织中病毒滴度明显降低。结论 大蒜多糖对实验性小鼠病毒性心肌炎具有治疗作用。     

芪芩Ⅰ号对小鼠柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎的防治作用

目的:探讨复方制剂芪芩Ⅰ号(QiqinⅠ)水煎剂对柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)的抑制作用和对小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎的防治作用. 方法:①在Hep-2细胞上采用微量细胞病变抑制法,从直接灭活病毒、抑制细胞内病毒复制、阻断病毒吸附三方面研究芪芩Ⅰ号对CVB3的抑制作用. ②采用BALB/c鼠建立CVB3病毒性心肌炎的动物模型,建立病毒对照组和芪芩Ⅰ号组,然后在不同时间点处死小鼠,记录其心肌组织病变积分. 结果:①芪芩Ⅰ号水煎剂对细胞无毒且效应明显的原生药浓度是2.88 g/L和1.44 g/L. ②芪芩Ⅰ号可能具有直接灭活CVB3、抑制细胞内CVB3复制、阻断CVB3吸附细胞的作用. ③芪芩Ⅰ号组小鼠的心肌病变积分明显低于病毒对照组,二者比较有显著差异(P<0.01). 结论:体外实验证实芪芩Ⅰ号可能对CVB3有抑制作用,动物实验进一步证明芪芩Ⅰ号在体内对小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎有良好的防治作用.     

玉丹荣心丸抗急性病毒性心肌炎的实验研究

目的观察中成药玉丹荣心丸对B组柯萨奇病毒(CVB)感染Balb/c小鼠所致急性病毒性心肌炎的治疗效果的研究。方法Balb/c鼠腹腔接种1000 TCID50/0.1ml CVB,经过两周的持续注射成功获得急性病毒性心肌炎的动物模型。将动物随机分为病毒对照组、药物组,药物组使用中成药玉丹荣心丸进行灌胃给药,而病毒对照组不使用任何药物,28天后观察小鼠心肌组织的病理改变。结果药物组小鼠心肌组织的病理改变轻微,并有好转迹象,而病毒对照组病理改变严重,有死亡。结论玉丹荣心丸对B组柯萨奇病毒感染所致的急性病毒性心肌炎有很强的治疗效果。     

大蒜多糖对小鼠病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用

目的 :探讨大蒜多糖对实验性小鼠病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用。方法 :采用BALB C小鼠腹腔注射柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)建立实验性小鼠病毒性心肌炎模型。小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、大蒜多糖组、黄芪组。注射病毒 1h后给药 ,连续 7d ,于第 8d处死存活鼠取材。观察小鼠存活率及心肌病理变化 ,测定血清心肌酶、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮 (NO)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活力、心肌组织中病毒滴度及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达。结果 :大蒜多糖治疗组与模型组相比小鼠存活率明显增高 ,心肌组织病理损伤减轻 ,血清心肌酶、MDA、NO含量显著降低 ,GSH Px活力升高 ,心肌组织中病毒滴度及iNOS表达降低。结论 :大蒜多糖对实验性小鼠病毒性心肌炎具有治疗作用     

ADAMTS-1与小鼠急、慢性病毒性心肌炎心肌纤维化相关性的初步研究

目的检测ADAMTS-(a disintegrin and metalloprotease with throm- spondin type 1 motifs)在急、慢性柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)心肌炎小鼠心肌组织中的表达,并分析其与心肌纤维化的关系。方法以CVB3单次感染或重复增量感染Ba1b／C小鼠分别建立急性病毒性心肌炎(急性组,20只)及慢性病毒性心肌炎(慢性组,25只)模型,同期小鼠腹腔无菌注射等剂量不含病毒的EMEM液作为各自正常对照组(均为10只)。以苦味酸天狼猩红行心肌胶原组织特异性染色,并运用图像分析软件计算心肌组织中的胶原容积积分(collagen volume fraction,CVF,％;用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫组织化学方法分别检测小鼠心肌组织中ADAMTS-1基因水平和蛋白水平的表达。结果两组病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌组织中CVF显著增加,且慢性组更为显著(P<0．01):急、慢性组ADAMTS-1 mRNA均明显高于其正常对照组,尤以慢性组升高更为显著(P<0．05);免疫组织化学检测结果显示, ADAMTS-1在心肌组织细胞胞质内表达;各实验组小鼠心肌组织中ADAMTS-1 mRNA的表达与CVF呈正相关。结论ADAMTS-1在急、慢性病毒性心肌炎心肌组织中呈进行性增加并与胶原增生密切相关,表明ADAMTS-1可能通过调节胶原代谢参与心肌纤维化的发生、发展。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.