ATO纳米粉体的性能特点与制备研究现状

详细介绍了锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)纳米粉体良好的导电抗静电性能、浅色透明性、良好的耐候性和稳定性、纳米粒子特性、多功能性等性能特点,简述了ATO纳米粉体的应用领域;综述了目前制备ATO纳米粉体的固相法、水热法和化学共沉淀法等方法,对几类制备方法优缺点进行分析,进一步确定改进的化学共沉淀法和水热法制备ATO纳米粉体时的最佳实验条件.指出了目前ATO纳米粉体制备存在的几点问题,为进一步研究ATO纳米粉体的制备提供参考依据.     

单分散锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)纳米材料的制备及其自组装(英文)

通过水热法制备了单分散的锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)纳米材料,TEM表征显示所得的ATO纳米材料分散性好,粒径小,粒度分布窄。在使用特定表面活性剂的情况下,ATO纳米颗粒表现出一些自组装的行为,颗粒组装成规则的高分散纳米球体。     

Effect of antimony doped tin oxide on behaviors of waterborne polyurethane acrylate nanocomposite coatings

A multi-functional waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA) nanocomposite coating was prepared through introducing the acrylate groups into the end of the polyurethane main chains and then modified by antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles by ultrasonic dispersion. Structural and morphological features of coatings were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a 3D measuring laser microscope. Performance of the coatings was evaluated using water resistance studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and mechanical tests such as tensile strength, elongation at break. The data showed that the WPUA/ATO coatings possessed good mechanical properties and thermal stability. The UV-visible-near infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) spectra results suggested that the WPUA/ATO coatings could absorb near infrared radiation so that it would prevent heat transmission and heat diffusion effectively.     

不同体系水热制备银氧化锡复合粉体的研究

分别采用氨水和柠檬酸作为溶液中银离子的配体,草酸、亚硫酸钠和柠檬酸作为还原剂,水热制备Ag-SnO2复合粉体。对Ag-SnO2复合粉体进行了差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和元素面扫描分析。结果表明:不同体系均可水热制备银氧化锡复合粉体。在以氨水为配体,分别以亚硫酸钠和草酸为还原剂的体系中,银和二氧化锡沉积完全。以亚硫酸钠为还原剂的体系中所得复合粉体为片状结构,厚度约为300nm,而以草酸为还原剂所得复合粉体为球形结构,粒径约为100nm。以柠檬酸为配合剂和还原剂的水热体系中二氧化锡沉积不完全,所得复合粉体为不规则球形,粒径较小,约为30nm。     

One-step synthesis of antimony-doped tin dioxide nanocrystallites and their property

Antimony-doped tin dioxide(ATO) nanoparticles with primary diameter in the range of 9-10 nm were rapidly synthesized via a novel combustion technique, starting with antimony trichloride and tin tetrachloride as metal sources and self-assembly compounds as fuels. The combustion phenomena and characteristics of products were controlled by assembling components in fuel compounds according to appropriate molar ratio. The as-synthesized products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS, respectively. The electrical conductivity was evaluated through measuring the antistatic property of polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized products. The results show that a mild combustion phenomena without release of smoke can be taken on and perfect azury rutile ATO crystal with complete substitution can be formed rapidly under the appropriate synthetic conditions. The antistatic property of the polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized ATO products is enhanced remarkably. The triboelectricity voltage below 1.0 kV, half life below 1.0 s and surface resistance below 1.0×106 Ω can be attained.     

Sb掺杂量对ATO纳米颗粒结构及激光吸收性能的影响(英文)

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用共沉淀法制备不同Sb掺杂量的氧化锡锑(ATO)纳米粉末。分别采用XRD、FESEM、紫外可见分光光度计和激光器对晶体结构、形貌、激光反射率进行表征,研究Sb掺杂量对ATO纳米颗粒的结构、晶粒尺寸和激光反射性能的影响。结果表明:共沉淀法制备的ATO纳米颗粒为四方相金红石结构,粒径大小约为几十纳米;随着Sb掺杂量的增加,ATO的晶粒尺寸减小,晶胞体积则逐渐增大;与未掺杂的SnO2粉末相比,Sb掺杂后的ATO粉末在1.06μm激光波长处的反射率明显低于未掺杂的SnO2的反射率;随着Sb掺杂量的增加,反射率值呈先减小后增大的趋势,在Sb掺杂量为20%时,ATO粉末在1.06μm激光波长处的反射率低于0.02%,激光隐身性能最佳。     

两步法制备镧掺杂氧化铈纳米粉体

采用共沉淀法合成镧掺杂氧化铈的前驱体,经高温煅烧后得到纳米镧掺杂氧化铈粉体,对所得产物进行了TG-DSC、XRD、FE-SEM、HR-TEM及XPS一系列表征.结果表明,两步法制备的镧掺杂氧化铈是由平均尺寸为2～8 nm的纳米晶粒组成的花状微米球.镧最大掺杂量可达70%,且产物仍能保持氧化铈的立方萤石结构.大比例镧掺杂可以在氧化铈晶体中产生大量的晶体缺陷及氧空位.     

A Comparative Study on the Microstructure and Properties of ITO Targets and Thin Films Prepared from Two Different Powders

With the rapid development of indium tin oxide(ITO) in the electronic display industry, choosing which raw powders to prepare high-quality ITO targets has always been a controversial topic. In the work, in order to clearly understand the effect of the raw powders on the microstructure and properties of ITO targets and thin films, tin-doped indium oxide(dITO) and In_2O_3-SnO_2 mixed(mITO) powders were chosen to prepare ITO targets for depositing the films and a comparative study on their microstructure and properties was conducted. It is found that,(1) dITO targets possess a higher solid solubility of tin in indium oxide and more uniform elemental distribution, while there are a higher density, a finer grain size and a higher mass ratio of In_2 O_3 to SnO_2 for the mITO targets;(2) dITO films with more coarser columnar grains and a rougher surface prefer to grow along the [100] direction in an Ar atmosphere;(3) the conductive property of ITO films only depends on the doping amount of tin and is independent of the raw powders and the preparation process of the target source;(4) dITO films possess the superior optical property and narrower optical band gap;(5) the etching property of mITO films is superior to that of dITO films due to the lower solid solubility of tin in indium oxide.     

Preparation of silver tin oxide powders by hydrothermal reduction and crystallization

Silver tin oxide composite powders were synthesized by the hydrothermal method with a silver ammine solution and a Na2SnO3 solution as raw materials. H2C2O4 was used as the co-precipitator of silver ions and tin ions. The co-precipitation conditions were investigated. The results show that the co-precipitate of Ag2C2O4 and Sn（OH）4 is available when the pH value of the solution is 4.27-8.36. Using the obtained precipitate as precursor,the reduction of Ag＋ and the crystallization of tin oxide were carried out simultaneously by the hydrothermal method and silver tin oxide composite powders were obtained. The composite powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis,scanning electron microscope （SEM）,and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the silver tin oxide composite powders are small with a diameter of about 2 μm and with homogeneous distribution of tin.     

Influences of dehydrating process on properties of ATO nano-powders

1　INTRODUCTIONCrystallineSbdopedtinoxide (ATO) ,cassiteritestructure ,isawidebandgapn typesemiconductor.Be causeofitsopticalproperty (transparentforvisiblelightandreflectiveforIR )andelectroconductibility ,goodchemicalandmechanicalstability ,ithasmanyapplica tions,suchastransparentconductiveelectrodes ,photo voltaicdevices ,photosensors ,catalyst,antistaticcoatingsandelectrochromicmaterials[14 ] .AvarietyoftechniqueshavebeenusedtoprepareATOsuperfinepowders ,someinvolvedryprocesses ,ot…     

Preparation and characterization of Y3Al5O12:Ce and Y2O3:Eu phosphors powders by combustion process

A nickel hydroxide, Ni(OH)₂, was prepared by microwave-assisted heating technique from nickel nitrate aqueous solution and sodium hydroxide (assigned as PM). Then, the as-prepared PM was oxidized by liquid oxidation with sodium hypochlorite (assigned as PMO). Further, pure nanocrystalline nickel oxide (NiO) particles were obtained from the as-prepared PMO by calcination at 300, 400, 500, 600, 650 and 700 °C (labeled as C300, C400, C500, C600, C650 and C700, respectively). The as-prepared powders (PM and PMO) and the NiO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the particle size of nickel oxide was controlled by the calcined temperature. The average crystal size of the NiO nanoparticles ranges from about 5 to 35 nm at 300–700 °C. Mechanism of nickel oxide nanocrystallite growth during thermal treatment was investigated.     

Preparation of pure SnO_2 powders from tin slag of printed circuit boards waste

The recycling method and principle of SnO2 from the tin slag of printed circuit boards(PCB) waste were investigated. In this study, pure SnO2 powders were obtained through a multi-step process including ball-milling, roasting, dissolving, precipitating, and pickling. The total recovery rate of tin can be up to 91 %. The SnO2 powders obtained is the single phase, and the content of SnO2 is up to 99.9 %. However, the SnO2 particles are easier to agglomerate during the precipitation process. The agglomerate SnO2 particles are about 7.778 lm in mean particle size(D50). This preparation method presents a viable alternative for the tin slag recycling. The tin is not only recycled, but also reused directly to prepare pure SnO2 powders.     

Self-assembled flower-like microstructure in Zn1-xCdxO nanoparticles

The structural and optical characterization of cadmium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation method was studied. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the substitution of cadmium dopant without disturbing the basic wurtzite structure of zinc oxide. The average crystalline size, lattice constants and unit cell volume also increased up to 4% of cadmium doping. Energy gaps of the samples were determined from the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum as well as Tauc's plot which infers that the energy gap decreases with the increase of cadmium content. Fourier transformation infrared spectrum confirms the cadmium dopant through peak shifting from 485 to 563 cm^?1. Photoluminescence spectrum also defines the cadmium dopant by intensity increase. The broad Raman peak at 437 cm^?1 indicates that the wurtzite structure of zinc oxide is weakened by 5% cadmium doping. Field emission scanning electron microscope study also confirms the existence of particles in nanometer size and it indentifies the microstructure transformation from nanoparticles to jasmine flower-like structure on 5% cadmium doping.     

The effect of parameters on the formation of ZnO nanoparticles by statistical experimental design method in vibrating milling process

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by vibrating milling process. Amorphous ZnO powders prepared by the milling process were washed with water to remove NaCl, and then the powders were sintered at 300–500 °C for 2 h. In this work, statistical experimental design method was used and it was found that the particle size and size distribution of ZnO nanoparticles were dependent on the milling time and mass ratio of ball to powder. Therefore, ZnO nanoparticles with about 100 nm of mean crystallite size were obtained.     

Preparation of flake AgSnO2 composite powders by hydrothermal method

Silver-tin oxide composite powders and silver powders were synthesized by hydrothermal method using NHs to complex Ag^＋, SO3^2- to reduce Ag（NH3）2^＋ and Na2SnO3 as the source of tin. The powders were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDX. The results show that there are macroscopic and microscopic differences between two kinds of powders. Spherical silver powders are 3μm in diameter, and silver-tin oxide composite powders are mainly flake of about 0.3μm in thickness. Silver crystal in silver-tin oxide composite powders is preferentially oriented in the （111） crystallographic direction and its oriented index is 2.581. Crystal lattice parameter of silver crystal of silver tin-oxide composite powders is 0.409 34 nm, larger than 0.408 68 nm of silver powders. The XPS analysis shows that silver in silver-tin oxide composite powders is metallic silver and tin oxide in silver tin-oxide composite powders has the red shift for Sn^4＋（3d（5/2）） and O^2-（1s）.     

Nanoscale synthesis and optical features of metallic nickel nanoparticles by wet chemical approaches

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) were successfully synthesized and attached on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate by two different methods: from solution reduction process by using sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) as reducing agent in the presence of poly(N-vinilpyrrolidone) (PVP) as protective and stabilizing agents and by polyol process under ethylene glycol EG as a solvent. The results indicated that the samples prepared in aqueous solution show the occurrence of face-centered cubic metallic nickel nanoparticles with a medium diameter of ∼31 nm and good size dispersion compared to the preparation in EG that revealed large size ∼150 nm. The dynamics of the nanoparticle's growth in the solvents and comparison with optical absorption is presented.     

不同稀土氧化物对ODS-W和ODS-Mo合金粉末形貌和尺寸的影响（英文）

采用喷雾法(固液混合法)结合炭黑和氢气还原,成功合成含有不同类型纳米氧化物粒子的超细Mo(ODS-Mo)和W(ODS-W)粉末。结果表明,溶液浓度和稀土氧化物种类对ODS-Mo合金粉末的晶粒尺寸没有影响,但对ODS-W合金粉末的晶粒尺寸有明显的影响。所用稀土溶液浓度越高,ODS-W合金粉末的平均晶粒尺寸越小。此外,与掺杂CeO₂相比,掺杂La₂O₃和Y₂O₃的WO₃的还原产物晶粒尺寸相对较大。与未掺杂情况相比,ODS-Mo合金粉末的晶粒尺寸几乎没有变化,而ODS-W合金粉末的晶粒尺寸变大。这可能是由于钨氧化物与稀土氧化物反应形成的复合氧化物(如La₂WO₆)的出现,促进ODS-W还原过程中钨晶粒的异相成核和长大;而在ODS-Mo的还原过程中,不存在由钼和稀土氧化物组成的复合氧化物。     

Novel method for preparation of silver-tin oxide electrical contacts

A novel method of coating tin oxide particles with silver by an electroless plating process has been developed to produce silver-tin oxide electrical contact materials. A powder metallurgy process has been developed to consolidate the electroless plated silver- tin oxide composite powders. The effect of the various plating conditions on the morphology of the composite powder was studied using the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). An optical microscope and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) were used to characterize the structure of the sintered silver-tin oxide compact. Ductility and hardness were measured to ensure that the mechanical properties are adequate, and electrical conductivity was also measured.     

Preparation and electrochemical properties of nanosized tin dioxide electrode material by sol-gel process

1　INTRODUCTIONTinoxideisawideenergy gapsemiconductorandhasfoundmanytechnologicalapplicationssuchascatalystsforoxidationoforganics,solid stategassen sorsandopticalelectronicdevices[1,2 ] .Recently ,sev eraltin oxide basedcompoundswerereportedtobegoodcandidatesasanodesforlithiumionbatteriesin steadofcarbonaceouselectrodes[36 ] ,theelectro chemicalreactionoccurringinthesecompoundsisnottheintercalationoflithiumintoahoststructure .Forbulksamplesofamorphousandcrystallinetinoxide ,adecomposition…     

Synthesis and sintering of indium tin oxide nanoparticles by citrate-nitrate combustion method

Spherical indium tin oxide(ITO) nanoparticles were synthesized by combustion method using citric acid as fuel and nitrates as oxidizer.The obtained ITO nanoparticles were characterized by TG-DSC,FT-IR,XRD,BET,TEM,and SEM.The ITO nanoparticles grew steadily with the increase of heat treatment temperature,and the 700℃ calcined particles had a crystallite size of 25.3 nm and a specific surface area of 26.1 m2·g-1.The avoidance of chlorine ions in the synthesis process decreases particle agglomeration and promotes powder densification.The 900℃ sintered pellet had a density of 67.6% of theoretical density(TD) and increased steadily to 97.3% for the 1400℃ sintered ceramics,respectively.