高危复杂腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术临床分析

目的 评估应用多种腔内技术治疗高危复杂腹主动脉瘤的可行性.方法 2001年1月至2010年12月,共138例腹主动脉瘤患者接受腹主动脉腔内修复术(EVAR),其中9例患者为高危复杂性腹主动脉瘤.男性8例,女性1例,年龄26～87岁,平均67岁.其中2例近肾腹主动脉假性动脉瘤,5例近肾腹主动脉瘤,1例腹主动脉瘤合并双髂总动脉瘤及左侧髂内动脉瘤,1例EVAR术后右髂内动脉瘤.所采用的腔内技术包括:主动脉支架开窗技术和扇形技术2例,烟囱技术5例,球囊辅助下髂内动脉瘤腔内治疗1例和球囊辅助反转支架技术1例.结果 所有腔内技术均获得成功.术中支架释放后即刻发现内漏4例,其中1例患者为Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型内漏,经大动脉球囊扩张后内漏消失;2例Ⅰ型内漏,其中1例行弹簧栓栓塞成功,另1例行近端裸支架成功.1例Ⅱ型内漏,经随访瘤腔直径未增大,未处理.随访4～79个月,平均25.9个月.无动脉瘤破裂,动脉瘤瘤体直径均有不同程度的缩小.随访过程中7例患者的靶血管(肾动脉、肠系膜上动脉和髂内动脉)均保持通畅.1例髂内动脉重建支架术后18个月血栓形成,但无盆腔缺血等症状.结论 对于不能耐受手术的高危复杂腹主动脉瘤患者,选择合适的腔内技术可以增加EVAR术的成功率,近、中期效果满意.     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术后髂支闭塞的治疗

目的 总结腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术(abdominal aortic aneurysm endovascular repair,EVAR)后髂支闭塞患者的病因、治疗选择,并评价治疗结果.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月至2012年12月收治的305例患者的临床资料,所有患者使用分叉支架型血管,术后6例男性患者的髂支(1.97％)在EVAR术后0～36个月发生闭塞.其中4例患者出现髂支移植物扭曲,出现扭曲的3个分支中全部发生血栓形成.临床表现为1例患者出现静息痛；4例患者出现跛行；另1例患者无症状.治疗:1例患者采用取栓+股-股旁路；1例采用髂支封堵+股-股旁路；4例患者采用取栓+支架植入.结果 6例患者手术均成功,静息痛和跛行症状消失.6例患者随访时间为6 ～18个月,平均(10±8)个月.5例患者无下肢缺血症状发生,1例患者术后半年跛行症状再次加重,行下肢动脉球囊扩张+支架植入术治疗后症状消失.结论 髂动脉扭曲可能是EVAR术后髂支闭塞的重要因素.外科旁路手术和血管腔内治疗是治疗EVAR术后发生的髂支闭塞有效和安全的方法.     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中特殊远端锚定区的处理经验

目的探讨腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中特殊远端锚定区的处理方法以及并发症。方法自1997年5月至2006年12月在150例包括髂总动脉瘤、髂内动脉瘤、髂动脉狭窄、严重成角等特殊远端锚定区的腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中,根据情况选择不同的处理方式,术后观察内漏、缺血并发症、髂动脉瘤形态以及旁路血管的通畅性。结果围手术期死亡率4％（6／150）,总死亡率42．5％（51／120）。6例原发性远端I型内漏,5例自愈,1例转化为持续性内漏;3例髂内动脉返流引起的Ⅱ型内漏随访中均自愈。7例单臂支架型血管,股股旁路手术2年通畅率为86％;4例髂内动脉旁路手术2年通畅率为100％。11例栓塞单侧髂内动脉出现臀肌缺血症状,平均症状消失时间42 d（5-90 d）。结论结合传统外科技术以及腔内技术,并选择合适的产品处理腹主动脉瘤特殊远端锚定区可取得满意疗效。中远期结果仍需观察。     

腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤7例分析

目的总结腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的经验。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年3月复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科收治的腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤7例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤4例,左髂总动脉瘤2例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。结果7例均取得技术成功。3例右髂总动脉瘤累及右髂内动脉,选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUI(Aortouniiliac)支架型人工血管腔内修复加股动脉旁路术。2例左髂总动脉瘤选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影(DSA)造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余6例无手术并发症。术后随访1～19个月(平均10.6±6.42个月),瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果尚须进一步随访。     

复杂瘤颈的近肾腹主动脉瘤腔内修复中烟囱技术的应用

目的探讨瘤颈解剖复杂的近肾腹主动脉瘤(juxtarenal aortic aneurysms,JAA)腔内修复(endovascular aneurysmrepair,EVAR)中应用烟囱技术的价值。方法 2007年1月～2011年10月,对7例瘤颈复杂的JAA采用EVAR治疗。由于瘤颈解剖结构不适于标准的腔内修复方案,术中自肱动脉穿刺预先于可能被覆膜支架主体覆盖的肾动脉置入导丝,置入修复腹主动脉瘤的覆膜支架主体后造影明确肾动脉覆盖情况,于相应肾动脉置入自膨支架或球囊扩张支架,以延长瘤颈长度使之符合EVAR要求,并有效保护肾动脉(即烟囱技术),然后再完成标准EVAR操作。结果 7例手术全部获成功。7例使用9枚肾动脉支架,其中5枚球扩支架,4枚自膨支架。腔内治疗最后的造影显示:腹主动脉瘤(abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA)瘤腔隔绝良好,肾动脉血流良好。术中1例近端Ⅰ型内漏,近端增加Cuff后内漏消失;1例造影显示少量的Ⅱ型内漏,无须处理。7例随访1～52个月,平均11.6月:1例术后2个月因心功能衰竭死亡;1例Ⅱ型内漏术后3个月随访内漏消失;肾动脉烟囱支架均保持通畅。结论对于不适宜行开腹手术治疗的瘤颈解剖不佳的JAA,烟囱技术是传统EVAR技术的有效补充,远期效果及肾动脉支架长期通畅性尚需要进一步观察。     

带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝术治疗腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤

目的探讨带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝技术在腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤治疗中的应用。方法回顾性分析2011年6月～2012年6月我院收治的10例腹主动脉瘤合并双髂动脉瘤患者的临床资料。患者均于术前行CT血管造影(CTA)检查,腹主动脉瘤均为肾下型;髂动脉瘤仅累及髂总动脉8例,累及髂内动脉开口处2例。手术先置入带髂内分支的髂动脉带膜支架,再置入腹主动脉瘤的分叉型带膜支架。结果患者均一次手术成功,无死亡。9例患者获得随访,随访时间3～6个月,患者腹部搏动性肿块均消失,均未出现臀部、骶尾部坏死,无明显性功能障碍,1例出现臀部的轻度间歇性跛行。8例术后3个月行腹主、双髂动脉彩超检查,未见明显内瘘,移植的髂内分支支架血流通畅。3例术后6个月行腹主、双髂动脉CTA检查,未见Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型内瘘,髂内分支支架内血流通畅。结论带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝技术在腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤的治疗中是安全、有效的;可以有效地保留一侧髂内动脉,减少或避免因髂内动脉封闭而带来的并发症。     

肾下腹主动脉瘤105例腔内修复的早中期疗效

目的 评估肾下腹主动脉瘤腔内修复治疗的早中期疗效.方法 回顾分析2001年1月至2007年2月105例肾下腹主动脉瘤行腔内修复治疗的经过、结果和并发症.结果 所有患者均获技术成功,82例(78.09%)获随访,随访时间1～73个月,平均(8.9 4±5.8)个月.围手术期死亡3例(2.86%),分别死于急性心肌梗死、多系统器官功能衰竭和上消化道大出血.1例(1.21%)术后30个月死于肝癌.原发性内漏21例:Ⅰ型18例,其中10例行球囊扩张(9例)或延伸段植入(1例)后治愈,8例自愈;2例Ⅱ型内漏自愈;1例Ⅲ型内漏支架植入后治愈.1例于术后2周支架的一侧髂支血栓形成,急诊行股-股动脉人工血管旁路术.4例迟发性Ⅰ型内漏.随访观察.1例于术后6年支架向远心端移位,无明显内漏而随访观察.2例支架感染发生于术后1和3个月,行清创引流和抗感染治疗后痊愈.随访期间,9例股-股或髂-股动脉旁路和3例髂内动脉旁路通畅.结论 腔内修复治疗肾下腹主动脉瘤安全、有效,早、中期疗效较好.     

彩色多普勒超声辅助无造影剂腹主动脉瘤合并髂内动脉瘤腔内覆膜支架修复术

目的探索常规多普勒超声辅助腹主动脉瘤腔内覆膜支架修复术(EVAR)的技术可行性和有效性。方法对1例造影剂肾功能受损的腹主动脉瘤合并左侧髂总动脉瘤和左侧髂内动脉瘤患者,行无造影剂的术中常规超声辅助EVAR和左侧髂内动脉瘤栓塞术,总结该患者的临床资料。结果透视下借助常规超声辅助,主动脉支架释放成功,左侧髂内动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞成功,腹主动脉瘤及左侧髂总动脉瘤隔绝成功。术中超声显示来自肠系膜下动脉的Ⅱ型内漏,右侧髂支Ⅰb型内漏。患者的手术时间为120 min,术中出血量为20 m L。术后1周常规彩超显示,右侧髂支Ⅰb型内漏消失,来自肠系膜下动脉的Ⅱ型内漏仍然存在,于术后1周顺利出院。等待后续随访结果。结论常规超声辅助EVAR治疗解剖条件良好的腹主动脉瘤时,能清楚显示近远端锚定区域以及内漏情况,尤其适合存在碘造影剂禁忌的患者。     

支架植入预防腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术后髂支血栓形成的疗效研究

目的探讨裸支架植入对于腹主动脉瘤腔内修复(EVAR)术后髂支血栓形成的预防效果。方法 2005年1月～2010年12月,我院共实施322例EVAR术。为预防支架内闭塞的发生,根据血管造影并结合术前CT血管造影(CTA)检查评估,42例患者EVAR术中行裸支架植入,通过术后血管彩超及增强CT检查定期随访患者中期支架通畅率。结果 EVAR术技术成功率为100%,均应用分叉型支架型人工血管,其中不锈钢支架26例(61.9%),镍钛记忆合金支架16例(38.1%)。42例EVAR术中行裸支架植入的患者中,围手术期死亡率7.1%(3/42),髂支血栓形成1例,其余患者均恢复顺利出院。平均随访时间(15.4±8.7)个月,随访期间死亡率5.1%(2/39),髂支血栓形成1例。支架总体通畅率为94.9%(37/39)。结论通过术中多角度血管造影结合术前CTA检查结果,裸支架植入有助于预防EVAR术后髂支血栓形成。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中髂动脉瘤的处理策略

目的:探讨腹主动脉瘤合并髂动脉瘤的腔内修复术(EVAR)方法。方法:回顾性分析2007年8月—2014年3月35例腹主动脉瘤合并髂动脉瘤行EVAR术患者资料,其中9例合并单侧髂内动脉瘤,1例合并双侧髂内动脉瘤,14例合并单侧髂总动脉瘤(直径18 mm),11例合并双侧髂总动脉瘤,所用腔内技术包括栓塞髂内动脉瘤后覆盖,髂内动脉瘤单纯覆盖,"喇叭口"支架,以及"三明治"技术重建一侧髂内动脉等。结果:所有腔内技术均获得成功,手术时间(125±40)min,出血量(173±65)m L。术中发现内漏8例(22.9%),其中I型内漏4例(近端2例,远端2例)均经球囊扩张后内漏消失,III型内漏1例,经扩张及部分加弹簧圈栓塞后内漏消失,II型内漏2例及IV型内漏1例,均未予处理。35例术后随访6~60个月,无动脉瘤破裂,2例术后6个月发现腹主动脉瘤体增大,造影确诊远端I型内漏,经弹簧圈栓塞后内漏消失,其余33例瘤体直径无增大。结论:对于合并髂动脉瘤的腹主动脉瘤患者,有效处理髂内动脉,然后根据髂总动脉直径选择合适的治疗方法可以达到理想的近期效果。     

腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤14例

目的探讨腔内治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年5月腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤14例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤8例,左髂总动脉瘤5例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。髂动脉瘤腔内修复的标准是瘤体直径〉3．0cm。结果14例均取得技术成功。8例右髂总动脉瘤,钢圈栓塞右髂内动脉后选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。其中1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUl支架型人工血管腔内修复加股．股动脉旁路术。5例左髂总动脉瘤栓塞同侧髂内动脉后选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余13例无手术并发症。术后CTA随访10．2个月（3～19个月）,瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果需进一步随访。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中特殊远端锚定区的处理策略

目的 探讨对腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术(EVAR)中特殊远端锚定区的评估及处理方法.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2010年12月应用EVAR治疗的66例复杂远端锚定区腹主动脉瘤患者的临床资料.其中男性45例,女性21例,年龄53～87岁,平均62岁.本组Ⅰ型及ⅡA型病例共20例,其中髂总或髂外动脉＞50％狭窄10例,髂总或髂外动脉严重扭曲者6例,合并以上情况者4例;双髂总合并髂内动脉瘤46例(单侧32例,双侧14例).支架血管移植物采用Medtronic 46例,COOK 14例,Microport 4例,Lifetech 2例.结果 平均手术时间90 min,术中移植物明显短缩22例(33.3％),Ⅱ型内漏18例(18/66,27.3％),Ⅲ型内漏5例(7.6％),髂支＞50％的狭窄2例(3.0％),同时合并Ⅱ、Ⅲ型内漏5例(7.6％),同时合并髂支狭窄及Ⅲ型内漏4例(6.1％).本组随访时间3～36个月,平均22个月,随访期间内移植物向远端移位2例(3.0％),移位均＜10 mm,髂支再狭窄(＞50％)2例,Ⅱ型内漏自行消失18例(18/23,78.3％),Ⅲ型内漏0例;死亡2例.结论 复杂远端锚定区增加了EVAR并发症发生率.熟悉移植物特性,合理应用处理策略,可提高EVAR技术成功率.     

Durability of femorofemoral bypass grafting after aortouniiliac endovascular aneurysm repair

INTRODUCTION: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with aortouniiliac prostheses extends the morphologic range of aneurysms that can be treated and is potentially a more rapid and simple operation than bifurcated endovascular repair. It may, however, be limited by durability of the femorofemoral extra-anatomic bypass graft required to revascularize the contralateral lower limb. Previous studies of femorofemoral bypass grafts were performed almost exclusively in patients with occlusive disease. An 8-year single center experience with use of the femorofemoral bypass graft in aneurysmal disease is reported. METHODS: All patients undergoing EVAR with an aortouniiliac endovascular stent graft over eight years (1994-2002) at a single institution were included in a retrospective study. Patient data were collected from a prospectively maintained local endovascular database. All patients gave informed consent and were part of an endovascular program approved by the local ethics committee. RESULTS: Over the 8 years, 231 patients underwent EVAR with an aortouniiliac endovascular stent-graft. Median follow-up was 22 months. Localized wound complications were observed in 25 patients (11%). Cumulative 3-year patency rate for the femorofemoral bypass graft was 91%. At the end of 5 years 83% of grafts remained patent. CONCLUSIONS: The femorofemoral bypass graft used during EVAR with aortouniliac stent grafts offers encouraging medium and long-term patency. When graft occlusion occurs, it is usually directly attributable to inadequate inflow from the endovascular stent graft itself or to endoluminal damage of the external iliac artery. Awareness and early detection of stent-graft distortion or complications in the external iliac artery may result in improved patency rates.     

Failure of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm graft limbs

OBJECTIVE: Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) grafts are subject to subsequent failure of endograft limbs. We sought to determine what device-related factors could be identified that might contribute to limb failure. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients who had undergone endovascular AAA repair and femorofemoral bypass grafting at a single institution. RESULTS: Endovascular AAA repair was performed in 173 patients. There were 137 bifurcated endografts and 36 aortomonoiliac grafts combined with femorofemoral bypass grafts, yielding a total population of 310 aortic graft limbs and 36 femorofemoral grafts. Thirty-nine additional patients underwent femorofemoral bypass grafting for occlusive disease. The cumulative primary patency of all endografts performed for AAA was 92% at 21 months. Secondary patency was achieved for all failed endograft limbs. There were 24 aortic graft limb "failures" that required intervention: seven limbs underwent thrombosis requiring revision; kinked limbs requiring stenting either at the time of graft placement (17) or subsequently (7) were identified. Fully supported endograft limbs had better primary patency (97% at 18 months) than unsupported limbs (69% at 18 months, P <.001). The aortomonoiliac grafts with femorofemoral bypass grafts tended to have better patency (97% at 18 months) than bifurcated endografts (90% at 18 months), but this did not reach statistical significance (P =.28, not significant). Femorofemoral grafts performed for occlusive disease were found to have somewhat lower patency than those performed for AAA (83% vs 92% at 18 months of follow-up, P =.37, not significant). CONCLUSIONS: Fully supported AAA endografts provide superior endograft limb patency compared with unsupported designs. Consideration should be given to routine stenting of all unsupported endograft limbs. Aortomonoiliac grafts and bifurcated grafts provide similar results for endograft limb patency. Femorofemoral bypass grafts performed in conjunction with aortomonoiliac grafts for AAA disease provide excellent short-term patency.     

解剖条件复杂的肾下型腹主动脉瘤的腔内治疗

目的 探讨腔内修复术治疗复杂解剖条件肾下型腹主动脉瘤的安全性和有效性.方法 对2003年1月至2011年3月接受经股动脉植入分体式覆膜支架治疗解剖条件复杂的48例腹主动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.男性37例,女性11例;年龄50～81岁,平均71.4岁.其中近端短瘤颈(＜15 mm) 14例,近端瘤颈成角大(＞60°)13例,复杂髂动脉解剖者21例,其中髂动脉严重扭曲者15例,髂动脉狭窄(直径＜7 mm)者6例.结果 所有病例治疗均获成功,术中无中转开腹手术者,围手术期生存率100％.40例患者获得随访,随访时间4-122个月,平均63个月,死亡2例,均为心脑血管意外,其余生存良好,累积生存率95.8％.Ⅰ型内漏2例,其中1例2周后消失,1例长期存在,随访过程中未发现新发内漏、支架移位或堵塞、瘤体扩大或瘤体破裂等并发症;2例封堵一侧大部分肾动脉的患者恢复良好,术后未出现肾功能不全.结论 腔内修复术治疗复杂解剖条件肾下型腹主动脉瘤安全、有效.随着经验的不断积累,腔内修复术在治疗解剖条件复杂的肾下型腹主动脉瘤中将发挥更重要的作用.     

Is cross-femoral bypass grafting a disadvantage of aortomonoiliac endovascular aortic aneurysm repair?

PURPOSE: The need for cross-femoral bypass grafting (CFBG) is considered by some to be a major disadvantage of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with the aortomonoiliac technique. To determine the durability of CFBG in this setting, we examined data from 148 consecutive high-risk patients in a clinical trial of EVAR with a custom-made aortomonoiliac endovascular stent graft. METHODS: All data were collected prospectively. After hospital discharge, patients were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months and annually thereafter. All CFBG was constructed of expandable polytetrafluoroethylene. RESULTS: During follow-up averaging 23.6 +/- 16.2 months, nine CFBG complications developed in 8 patients (5.4%), including disruption (n = 2), infection (n = 3), thrombosis (n = 2), and pseudoaneurysm (n = 3). Four patients with CFBG complications died, of consequences of infection (n = 2), intracranial hemorrhage during attempted CFBG thrombolysis (n = 1), and intracranial hemorrhage during anticoagulation (n = 1). There were no amputations. At life table analysis, freedom from CFBG complication was 96.3% +/- 1.6% at 12 months, 94.1% +/- 2.2% at 24, 36, and 48 months, and 86.2% +/- 7.8% at 60 months. Overall survival for this high-risk patient group was 83.4% +/- 3.1% at 12 months, 70.4% +/- 4.1% at 24 months, 56.5% +/- 5.3% at 36 months, and 44.8% +/- 6.4% at 48 months. CONCLUSION: CFBG is durable, with a low rate of complications in patients undergoing aortomonoiliac EVAR. Need for CFBG should not discourage use of aortomonoiliac devices in patients with anatomy unfavorable for other EVAR approaches.     

Internal iliac artery revascularization as an adjunct to endovascular repair of aortoiliac aneurysms.

PURPOSE: Endovascular repair of aortoiliac aneurysms may be limited by extension of the aneurysm to the iliac bifurcation, necessitating endpoint implantation in the external iliac artery. In such cases the circulation to the internal iliac artery is interrupted. Bilateral internal iliac artery occlusion during endovascular repair may be associated with significant morbidity, including gluteal claudication, erectile dysfunction, and ischemia of the sigmoid colon and perineum. We have employed internal iliac artery revascularization (IIR) to allow endograft implantation in the external iliac artery while preserving flow to the internal iliac artery in patients with aneurysms involving the iliac bifurcation bilaterally. METHODS: A total of 11 IIR procedures were performed in 10 patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair (9 men, 1 woman; mean age, 74 years). IIR was accomplished via a retroinguinal incision in 9 cases and a retroperitoneal incision in 2 cases. Six-mm polyester grafts were used for external-to-internal iliac artery bypass in 10 cases and internal iliac artery transposition onto the external iliac artery was used in one case. Endovascular AAA repair was performed using a modular bifurcated device (Talent-LPS, Medtronics, Minneapolis, Minn) after IIR. Bypass graft patency was determined immediately after the surgery, at 1 month, and every 3 months thereafter, using duplex ultrasound scanning and computed-tomography angiography. Mean aneurysm diameters were as follows: AAA, 6.4 +/- 0.7 cm; ipsilateral common iliac, 3.7 +/- 1.0 cm; contralateral common iliac, 3.9 +/- 0.8 cm. RESULTS: Successful IIR and endovascular AAA repair were accomplished in all cases. No proximal, distal, or graft junction endoleaks occurred. Two patients demonstrated retrograde aneurysm side-branch endoleaks originating from the lumbar arteries. One thrombosed spontaneously within 3 months. One perioperative myocardial infarction occurred. Reduction in aneurysm size was documented in 5 aortic, 5 ipsilateral iliac, and 3 contralateral iliac aneurysms. Gluteal claudication, erectile dysfunction, colon and perineal ischemia, and mortality did not occur. All IIRs have remained patent during a follow-up period of 4 to 15 months (mean, 10.1 months). CONCLUSIONS: IIR may be used with good short-term to intermediate-term patency to prevent pelvic ischemia in patients whose aneurysm anatomy requires extension of the endograft into the external iliac artery. This may allow endovascular AAA repair to be performed in patients who might otherwise be at risk for developing complications associated with bilateral internal iliac artery occlusion.