以富锰渣为原料制备氯化锰溶液

以富锰渣为原料,用工业盐酸浸出时,添加盐酸时可采用定时分次加酸法,提高第１次锰浸出率至８０％左右,减少渣量,成功地制备出适用于电解金属锰的氯化锰－氯化铵电解液。     

碳锰渣分段加酸浸出制取硫酸锰试验研究

通过碳锰渣浸出硫酸锰试验,分析碳锰渣化学成分,研究初始酸浓度、补酸浓度、矿酸比、温度、时间、碳锰渣碱度及添加剂对浸出率的影响,在综合条件下全锰浸出率在93%以上。     

富锰渣综合利用研究

本文进行了加压结晶法综合回收富锰渣中有价金属的实验研究,试验结果表明,加压结晶法可将富锰渣中的锰回收制备成工业级硫酸锰产品;     

制备硫酸锰最佳工艺条件的研究

对软锰矿与黄铁矿、硫酸直接浸取制备硫酸锰进行了实验研究,得出了最佳工艺条件。当浸出条件为软锰矿：黄铁矿：硫酸为1：0,3：0．45,浸出温度为96℃,浸出时间7h,固液比1：5时,锰的浸出率可达97．00％。该工艺具有能源消耗少,生产成本低。锰的回收率高等优点。     

用SO_2-H_2SO_4-H_2O体系浸出电解锰阳极泥试验研究

研究了用SO_2-H_2SO_4-H_2O液相体系还原浸出电解锰阳极泥,考察了SO_2流量、H_2SO_4质量浓度、温度、浸出时间对锰、硒、铅浸出率及浸出液中连二硫酸锰质量浓度及浸出渣中铅质量分数的影响。结果表明:在固液体积质量比1∶5、SO_2流量100mL/min、硫酸质量浓度36g/L、温度25℃条件下浸出60min,锰浸出率为95%,硒浸出率为83%,铅浸出率为0.3%,浸出液中连二硫酸锰在总锰中占比为5%,尾渣中铅质量分数为28.2%,浸出效果较好。     

富锰渣制备工业硫酸锰的工艺研究

对富锰渣通过硫酸浸出、除杂净化、结晶等，制备出合格的工业级硫酸锰的工艺过程进行了研究。     

SO_2脱除黑色风化物中锰及回收稀土的研究

本文针对四川冕宁稀土矿床中含锰高（１７．５６％ ）的黑色风化物难以用氯化法回收稀土这一问题,采用ＳＯ２ 作为还原剂,在液固比３∶１ 的条件下,常温浸取黑色风化物中的锰,经３ｈ 通ＳＯ２ 浸取,锰浸出率达９０％ 以上。经预处理脱锰的浸渣,进一步采用氯化铵焙烧－ 水浸方法回收稀土,稀土浸出率达７５．６％ 。     

黄铁矿法从锰银矿中提取银的研究

应用黄铁矿直接还原氧化锰新工艺处理银锰矿石，解决了银锰分离问题。当浸出条件为：矿石粒度－２００目占８０％，黄铁矿重占矿重１５％，硫酸重占矿重４５．２５％，温度９５℃，浸出液固比４或５，搅拌时间４ｈ时，锰浸出率可达９７．２６％，银的损失小于３％。浸锰渣采用氰化法提银，银浸出率８０％左右，浸锰——氰化二步浸出银的浸出回收率７３％以上，黄铁矿还原银锰矿石得到的含锰溶液按照传统工艺制取硫酸锰，可得符合国家一级品标准的工业硫酸锰。     

废锰催化剂中锰,铁,镍,钴的硫酸直接浸出

本文报道了对苯二酚生产过程中废锰催化剂内所含主要元素锰、钴、镍、铁的硫酸浸取行为。认为锰的浸取反应原理由硫酸与二氧化锰的氧化还原反应,及铁、氧化亚铁与硫酸反应所生成的硫酸亚铁与二氧化锰的氧化还原反应组成。实验中选择了不同的搅拌转速、液固比、浸取剂硫酸的浓度、温度等操作条件,考察了锰、铁、镍、钴的浸取情况,其中温度的影响最显著。在浸取温度为80℃,浸取剂硫酸浓度为2.8mol/L,液固比为6.6:1,搅拌转速为250rpm,浸取反应时间为3.5h的条件下,锰的浸出率几乎达到100％,铁的浸出率为75％。镍,钴在所有的实验条件下,浸出率均接近100％。     

富锰渣在广西桂林大锰锰业投资有限责任公司电解金属锰工艺中生产实践

研究了以富锰渣为原料,经过硫酸浸出,制取硫酸锰液用于电解金属锰生产,并总结了在生产中的使用情况及在使用过程中采取的技术措施。     

Silicomanganese production from manganese rich slag

Abstract

Manganese rich slag produced by the appropriate treatment of high manganese pig iron has a high manganese content and results in low fines, is low cost and gives low excess oxygen. Manganese recovery from this slag in the form of manganese ferroalloys compensates for the excess cost of the treatment process. Manganese rich slags produced from the injection of high manganese pig iron under at optimum conditions have levels of (Mn)>35 wt-%, (Mn)/(Fe)>7.65, (Mn)/(Si)>2 and (Mn)/(P)>285, which satisfy requirements for use as raw material in silicomanganese alloy production. Various experiments were carried out to smelt high manganese slag resulting from the treatment of high manganese pig iron to produce silicomanganese in a bench scale submerged electric arc furnace. Use of such manganese rich slag in the proportion of 40% of the blend has been found to be optimum to obtain a silicomanganese alloy with the highest metallic yield and highest manganese recovery. The silicomanganese alloy produced satisfies the standard chemical specifications, with manganese and silicon contents 68 and 18%, respectively.     

软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣回收锰钴镍工艺研究

以电解二氧化锰过程中硫化除重金属的硫化渣为原料,基于热力学分析结果,以稀硫酸为浸出剂,辅以软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣,以回收其中的锰、钴、镍有价金属。考察了矿渣比、始酸浓度、液固比、反应温度对锰、钴、镍浸出率的影响。结果表明,适宜条件为：温度363.15 K、矿渣比0.08、始酸浓度90 g/L、反应时间180 min,锰、钴、镍的浸出率分别为93.5%、87.4%、86.3%。     

铁锰矿和贫锰矿的合理利用

本文通过生产实践得出,含 Mn18—28％,(Mn Fe)38—48％的铁锰矿都可在高炉中生产富锰渣。利用高磷高铁的铁锰矿和低磷高硅贫锰矿进行配矿入炉,采用自然碱度酸性渣操作,控制渣中SiO_2含量在24—30％,可以炼出低磷低铁优质富锰渣。     

二氧化锰和硫化锰两矿法制备高纯硫酸锰

利用天然二氧化锰粉与硫化锰精矿为原料制备高纯一水硫酸锰,并取得了初步成功。其最优工艺为：以二氧化锰与硫的摩尔比为2．25：1,在温度90~C条件下浸出3h后,除渣,再用A试剂1．5倍理论用量除去硫酸锰溶液中的钾钠,按工业硫化钡1．5倍理论用量除去各重金属,用氟化锰5倍理论用量除去钙镁后蒸发结晶烘干,得到高纯一水硫酸锰产品。     

从锌阳极泥中综合回收锌锰并富集铅银的研究

主要以锌电积过程中产生的锌阳极泥为原料,采用全湿法工艺流程,开展对锌阳极泥综合回收处理,先经酸洗,然后在硫酸介质中进行还原浸出,浸出液经净化、合成等工序,生产出更具应用与市场前景的锰产品。试验结果表明：锌阳极泥通过酸洗,锌的脱除率达90％以上,再经还原浸出,锰的浸出率超过92％,合成得到的锰产品符合国家标准要求,锰回收率在90％以上。浸出渣为铅银渣,渣中铅、银含量较锌阳极泥富集了3～4倍,利于后续铅银等贵金属的回收利用。     

Production of high carbon ferromanganese using manganese rich slag in the charge

The possibility of replacement of the high cost sinter manganese ore by manganese rich slag for the production of high carbon ferromanganese was experimentally demonstrated. The experimental heats were designed and carried out to optimize this replacement through the adjustment of different production parameters. The results of pilot plant experimental heats showed that replacement of 50% of the sinter in the blend (or 25% of the blend) by slag containing 32% Mn and operation under slag basicity 0.9 and low (MgO)/(CaO) ratio of about 0.2-0.3 are the optimum conditions to attain the highest manganese content in the produced ferromanganese, the highest manganese recovery and the highest metallic yield. The industrial application of reusing manganese slag clarified the economic efficiency of charging manganese slag up to 20-25% of the blend in reducing the production cost due to reducing the cost of manganese ores. Charging of 20-25% manganese slag reduces the cost of manganese ores and the total production cost by about 13 and 6% respectively, comparing with the conventional technology (without using manganese slag in the blend).     

用矿热炉和摇炉生产金属锰的工艺探讨

该工艺是在矿热炉中用焦炭还原锰铁矿石,将还原反应的温度控制为1500℃以下,渣碱度ω(CaO)/ω(SiO2)为0.16,SiO2的质量分数为18%,生产出的富锰渣中MnO的质量分数不小于70%,同时有副产物碳素锰铁产生。然后将富锰渣热兑入摇炉中,加石灰精炼生产调和渣,使其碱度提高到2.0,这样有利于脱除磷、硫,并降低SiO2的活度。最后在摇炉中加入工业硅还原调和渣中的锰,获得锰质量分数不小于99%的金属锰,节能效果明显。     

转炉锰矿熔融还原工业试验研究

为打通转炉炼钢过程锰矿熔融还原技术路径,提高锰的收得率,对锰矿熔融还原过程和提高锰收得率的工艺参数进行了热力学探讨,并在某钢厂200 t转炉上开展了工业试验研究。研究结果表明:高效稳定的铁水“三脱”预处理技术是锰矿熔融还原技术成功的基本前提;通过理论计算,在炉渣中的(MnO)质量分数为5%～10%,终点[C]质量分数控制在0.13%～0.36%时,终点钢液[Mn]质量分数可控制在0.3%以上。工业试验主要通过采用双渣法冶炼操作,在确保前期铁水低磷的条件下尽可能控制少渣量、降低炉渣中氧化铁,从而实现加入锰矿后提高锰收得率;并在现有工艺控制条件下,锰矿加入10 kg·t?1以内时,工业试验可使锰矿还原过程锰收得率超过40%,平均为51.40%;为进一步提高锰收得率,建议严格将锰矿熔融还原渣料总量控制在40～60 kg·t?以内,石灰加入量控制在10～15 kg·t?1以内;研究结果为锰矿熔融还原技术的开发和应用提供重要参考。      

Factors Affecting Silicomanganese Production using Manganese Rich Slag in the Charge

Silicomanganese is widely used as a complex reducer and an alloying addition in the production of various grades of steel due to its economic and metallurgical advantages. It is also used as a semi‐product in the manufacture of medium‐ and low‐carbon ferromanganese and metallic manganese. Manganese‐rich slag, resulting from high carbon ferromanganese production, has the advantages of high manganese content, high Mn/Fe ratio, low excess oxygen, low phosphorus content, low fine content and low cost. Such slag seems to be very attractive to use as raw materials for the production of silicomanganese alloys. In the present study, experimental heats were designed and carried out to optimise the factors affecting the production process of silicomanganese using manganese rich slag in the charge. The results of pilot plant experimental heats showed that the optimum metallic yield and recoveries of manganese and silicon are obtained with an initial slag basicity, (CaO + MgO) / (Al₂O₃), of 1.8 by using dolomite as fluxing material and charging quartzite and fluorspar in percentage of 25% and 4% of the blend, respectively. The results also showed that an amount of 30% of coke in excess of the stoichiometric amount should be added. These results are relative for the specific high Al₂O₃ ores used.     

Al2O3、MgO在锰硅炉渣中的作用探讨与提高Mn回收率的实践

研究了Al2O3、MgO对锰硅合金炉渣冶金物理化学性质的影响，提出选择Al2O3、MgO两种组元含量都比较高渣型的观点。介绍了在大、中型电炉上，应用此渣型提高锰硅合金Mn回收率的生产实践。实践结果表明，普通锰硅合金电炉Mn回收率达85％。