经皮穿刺椎间盘激光气化减压术联合臭氧介入治疗脊髓型颈椎病

目的探讨经皮穿刺椎间盘激光气化减压术联合臭氧介入治疗治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床价值。方法脊髓型颈椎患者212例，颈椎间盘突出263个97例行单纯PLDD治疗，将波长为980nm半导体激光光纤（直径200nm）在透视下插入钩椎关节内进行气化（功率5W，能量200—400J）。115例行PLDD联合臭氧治疗，即在上述PLDD治疗后5min在光纤插入部位用注射器吸取臭氧5—20ml注入病变椎间盘。追踪1—24个月，以Macnab标准判定疗效。结果PLDD组优良率76．3％，联合治疗组优良率91．3％，差异有显著意义（P〉0．05）。结论经皮穿刺激光气化减压术联合臭氧介入治疗脊髓型颈椎病安全、微创、痛苦小、恢复快。     

等离子射频结合臭氧注射治疗颈椎间盘突出症的临床应用

目的探讨等离子刀装置射频消融结合椎间盘内臭氧注射治疗颈椎间盘突出症的操作方法及其疗效。资料与方法对46例颈椎间盘突出症患者采用盘内射频消融结合盘内臭氧注射的方法进行治疗和评价。椎间盘穿刺后,先经穿刺针管行低剂量髓核消融,然后经穿刺针管向髓核内注入60μg/ml的臭氧4～8ml。术后1天、1周和3个月分别进行疗效评价。结果联合治疗的中长期有效率为97.8%～100%,优良率达93.5%,部分患者术后有轻微反应,无明显并发症。结论等离子射频结合盘内臭氧注射,利用低温消融和臭氧溶核的不同作用,直接靠近颈椎间盘突出部位进行治疗,综合疗效较高,是治疗颈椎间盘突出症的有效方法。     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法在CT引导下,选择L3～S1间隙,将穿刺针从双侧插入椎间隙近中心处,然后插入600nm光导纤维,以自动脉冲式半导体激光烧灼髓核,每个间隙发射波长810nm,输出功率15W,能量1600～2400J,使椎间隙形成部分空腔,从双侧穿通式注射臭氧(即一侧推注臭氧时、对侧同时抽吸,交替进行),每个间隙注入浓度为50～60μg/ml臭氧50～60ml。共治疗51例61个间盘,形成穿通式共53个间盘。结果随访6个月,总有效率98.0%,无一例感染或发生其他严重并发症。结论经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有创伤小、痛苦少、安全性高、疗效较佳等特点,是微创治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法之一。     

MRI导引椎间盘切割联合臭氧治疗颈椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨应用0.23 T开放性MR导引,椎间盘切割联合臭氧治疗颈椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 经MRI证实为颈椎间盘突出症的患者7例8个椎间盘,侧突型5个、旁中央型2个、中央型1个.在0.23 T开放式MR及iPath 200光学追踪系统的导引下,自健侧颈前外侧进针,避开颈动脉鞘、甲状腺、食管及椎动脉等结构,穿刺至椎间盘中心,并继续进针至椎间盘突出部分.应用椎间盘切除器切除突出部分后注射60 μg/ml O_2～O_3混合气体2 ml,然后退针至椎间盘中心髓核处,切除部分髓核组织并注入60 μg/ml O_2～O_3混合气体2 ml.术后随访:4例经电话随访、3例经门诊随访,随访时间6个月,观察患者临床症状改善情况.疗效评价采用Williams术后评价标准.结果 疗效评估优5例、良1例、可1例.本组除1例术中感觉颈部一过性疼痛外,其他患者无并发症出现.结论 开放性MR导引经皮颈椎间盘切割联合臭氧消融治疗颈椎间盘突出症安全、有效、创伤小.     

激光气化减压术加臭氧联合脊柱调衡手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效分析

目的探讨激光气化减压术加臭氧联合脊柱调衡手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法腰椎间盘突出症患者147例,分为：治疗组（A组）患者73例,采用激光气化减压术加臭氧联合脊柱调衡手法治疗;对照组（B组）患者74例,采用激光气化减压术联合臭氧注射治疗。术后1、3和6个月随访,根据M~nab标准进行疗效判定,比较两组患者术后疗效。结果两组患者手术成功率100．0％。A组术后1、3和6个月有效率分别为65．8％、74．0％、80．8％;B组术后1、3和6个月有效率分别为43．2％、47．3％、48．6％,两组患者疗效比较差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）。结论激光气化减压术加臭氧联合脊柱调衡手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效显著,是一种中西医结合治疗腰椎间盘突出症的新思路、新方法。     

多种介入方法联合应用治疗腰椎间盘突出症256例疗效观察

目的 观察多种介入方法联合应用治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 采用臭氧盘内消融术、胶原酶溶解术、纤维环开窗减压术多种方法盘内、盘外联合应用治疗腰椎间盘突出症.结果 治疗腰椎间盘突出症256例,437个椎间盘,采用Macnab标准评价疗效,优良率82.4%;远期疗效似更佳,纤维环破裂组疗效优于未破裂组.结论 本项技术治疗...     

CT引导下双侧入路经皮激光椎间盘汽化减压术联合臭氧髓核溶解术治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛

<正>目的:探讨在C T引导下双侧入路经皮激光椎间盘汽化减压术联合臭氧髓核溶解术治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛的临床疗效。方法:椎间盘源性下腰痛56例均采用双侧入路经皮激光椎间盘汽化减压术,输出功率15W,每个间隙发射激光能量1600～2600J;后行臭氧髓核融解术,臭氧浓度为20～50μg/ml,一般15～30ml。随访时间6个月至3年,平均1.8年。结果:优:1     

经皮穿刺激光椎间盘减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及其影响因素

目的分析经皮穿刺激光椎间盘减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及其影响因素。方法腰椎间盘突出症患者145例,应用经皮穿刺激光椎间盘减压术治疗,分别于术后7 d、3和12个月评定疗效。结果术后7 d、3和12个月的优良率分别为89.6%、92.4%和93.1%;17～40岁患者疗效明显优于40～60岁患者,而以61岁以上患者优良率最低;L3/L4、L4/L5和L5/S1椎间盘高度指数,术前分别为0.35±0.14、0.41±0.09和0.38±0.05,术后12个月分别为0.33±0.08、0.39±0.11和0.36±0.07,手术前后相比差异无显著意义。结论经皮激光气化减压术治疗椎间盘突出症近期和远期疗效良好,并发症少,不影响脊柱稳定性。术后时间及患者年龄是影响疗效的因素。     

经皮激光椎间盘汽化术加臭氧髓核氧化术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘汽化术（PLDD）加臭氧（O3）髓核氧化术微创治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法应用医用半导体激光和医用臭氧发生器,在DSA引导下采用18G穿刺针经皮穿刺至髓核区,然后由穿刺针插入600μm光导纤维,用自动脉冲式激光汽化髓核,以每个椎间盘600～1200J汽化,再向椎间盘注入O3约10ml,共治疗30例35节椎间盘。结果30例患者术后随访3～24月,结果是治愈24例（80%）,显效4例（13.3%）,有效2例（6.7%）,优良率93.3%,无1例并发症出现。结论经皮激光椎间盘汽化术（PLDD）加臭氧（O3）髓核氧化术治疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症,创伤小、安全性高、疗效佳。     

高能激光减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床应用研究

目的　探讨高能激光减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床应用价值。方法　确诊腰椎间盘突出症患者89例,利用穿刺针将激光纤维导入椎间盘内,输出激光将髓核组织气化并吸出。结果　术后随访6～12个月,总优良率95.5%。结论　严格选择适应证,正确掌握操作方法,激光减压术创伤小,疗效肯定。     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术在治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症的应用.方法 应用SLT30半导体激光治疗仪,在C型臂X线机引导下,选择颈部前外侧经气管、食管与颈动脉鞘之间入路,用穿刺针插入椎间隙中心,然后插入光导纤维,激光输出能量为500～1 000 J.结果 共治疗32例患者,有效率为87.5%,无一例出现感染及其他严重并发症.结论 经皮激光椎间盘减压术具有创伤小、痛苦少、安全性高、恢复快等特点,是治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症的有效方法之一.     

经皮腰椎间盘激光汽化减压术的围手术期处理

目的　探讨围手术期处理在经皮穿刺腰椎间盘激光汽化减压术 (PLDD)中的重要性。方法　对 86例腰椎间盘突出症患者PLDD围手术期处理结果的回顾性分析。结果　 86例患者均安全度过围手术期 ,治愈 35例 (4 1% ) ,显效 32例 (37% ) ,显效率达 78% ,有效 10例 (12 % ) ,无效 9例 (10 % )。结论　加强围手术期处理是确保PLDD手术效果、减少并发症的重要保障。     

X线导向Nd:YAG激光介入椎间盘减压(PLDD)术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

经显微内窥镜椎间盘切除术(MED)具有创伤小、失血少等优点[1,2],经皮椎间盘切吸术(APLD)和椎间盘溶核术(DL)治疗腰椎间盘突出(LDH)已有很多文献报道[3-5],两者均为微创性的治疗方法.为了探讨微创伤、痛苦小、恢复快、效果佳以及远期效果理想的非手术疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症,我们1999年10月至现在,用日本产Nd:YAG Laser CL50激光器、日产105C型臂X线机及电视监视系统,共做经皮激光腰椎间盘减压术(Percutaneous Laserpisc Decompression.PLDD)378例,取得了令人满意的临床治疗效果.总结如下.     

Percutaneous laser disc decompression for lumbar discogenic radicular pain

PurposeThe aim of our study was to directly evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) for treatment of lumbar discogenic radicular pain.Materials and methodsFrom June 2006 through July 2009, 205 patients with contained disc herniation demonstrated on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance, concordance between the radicular pain and the nerve root compressed by the herniated disc, neurological findings referring to a single nerve root and no improvement after conservative therapy for a minimum of six weeks were enrolled. All patients were treated with PLDD under CT guidance and local anaesthesia. Follow-up was scheduled at 1, 2 days, 3, 6 months. Subsequent follow-ups at 12, 24 and 36 months were carried out through visits or by telephone. Clinical outcome was quantified using the MacNab criteria.ResultsThe age of patients ranged from 27 to 78 years (mean 58 ± 11 years). The levels of involvement were 18 cases at L3-L4, 123 cases at L4-L5 and 64 cases at L5-S1. Using the MacNab criteria, the results were as follows: 67% (n = 137) showed a good outcome and 9% (n = 18) a fair outcome. There were no serious complications in our series.ConclusionPLDD is effective treatment for lumbar discogenic radicular pain, associated with only minimal discomfort to the patient. This minimally invasive technique is a valid alternative for those patients not responding to conservative medical treatment, allowing in many cases to obviate the need of spine surgery.     

MR guidance of laser disc decompression: preliminary in vivo experience

The purpose of this study was to perform percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) under MR guidance in an open configuration 0.5-T MR system. Following failed conservative treatment for 6 months, eight patients with contained disc herniations were enrolled in the study. Following MR guided introduction of the laser fiber into the targeted disc space, the laser-induced temperature distribution was visualized using a color-coded subtraction technique based on a T1-weighted GRE sequence. In seven patients PLDD could be performed. In all cases laser effects were depicted by MR. In this regard the color-coded technique was found to be superior to conventional magnitude images. Whereas no apparent decrease in the extent of herniation was discovered immediately following PLDD, T2-weighted FSE images showed signal intensity alterations in two of the seven patients. Clinical evaluation, obtained 3–4 months after PLDD, revealed a fair (n = 2) or good (n = 4) response to the treatment. One patient showed no change in symptoms. MR guidance and monitoring of PLDD is feasible within an open 0.5-T system and seems to render PLDD more safe and controllable. Received 15 July 1997; Revision received 10 October 1997; Accepted 17 October 1997     

CT导引下经皮激光椎间盘减压术的护理

目的:探讨CT导引下经皮激光腰椎间盘减压术(CT-PLDD)中相关的护理问题。方法:对15.6例CT导引下经皮激光腰椎间盘减压术患者的相关资料进行了回顾性的分析。结果:经过规范化的护理,15.6例患者均配合良好,顺利完成治疗,无并发症的发生。33例术后2～6天腰痛明显加重,经心理护理及服消炎镇痛药1周后恢复正常。结论:细致、周到的术前、术中与术后护理工作,是CT-PLDD成功实施的重要保障     

X线导向Nd:YAG激光器行介入椎间盘减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨在X线电视监控下采用日本产Nd：YAG Laser CL-50激光器行经皮激光腰椎间盘减压（PLDD）术。方法 分析378例术后病例，病程1个月至16年。L2～3椎间盘突出17例，L3～4椎间盘突出35例，L4～5椎间盘突出140例，L5～S1椎间盘突出116例，2个椎间盘同时突出60例，3个椎间盘同时突出10例，共施行PLDD术458个椎间盘。所选病例均经CT或MR检查及临床症状、体征符合腰椎间盘突出症的诊断标准。结果 行PLDD术后1个月治愈268例，治愈率70．90％；3个月治愈259例，治愈率68．52％；6个月治愈260例，治愈率68．25％，治疗效果满意率、有效率及失败率是稳定的。结论 X线导向下行经皮激光介入椎间盘减压术有微创、患者痛苦小、恢复快、效果较稳定的特点，治疗的近期临床效果较佳，远期临床效果也很理想。     

经皮椎间盘激光减压术的早期病理与影像变化研究

目的 探索经皮腰椎间盘激光减压术(PLDD)术中患者短期内出现不良反应的原因、影响因素及可行的解决方法.方法 用16只杂种犬模拟PLDD,术后不同时相点行CT、MRI检查,观察术后早期病理变化特点.结果 常规组犬早期病理观察见穿刺侧椎间孔处软组织水肿、部分动物出现小片状坏死;抽吸组犬变化较轻微.CT、MRI可清晰显示术后椎间盘及其周围组织的变化.结论 常规方法PLDD术可导致组织的可逆性损伤,使用持续负压抽吸技术可很好地防止术后并发症.CT、MRI能很好监测术后病理变化.     

单节段颈椎间盘突出症前路减压术后上肢近端麻痹的研究

 目的 探讨单节段颈椎间盘突出症(cervical disc herniation ,CDH)行前路减压术后继发上肢近端麻痹(proximal upper limb palsy ,PULP)的发作特征及危险因素。方法 回顾性分析颈椎管前路减压分别联合融合或非融合固定术,治疗235例单节段CDH患者资料,术后随访时间均在12个月以上。术前PULP组和非PULP组一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义。按照术前临床表现,分为以脊髓型和神经根型损害两组。减压节段包括C_3/4、C_4/5、C_5/6和C_6/7椎间隙。分别比较不同手术节段或术前定位体征亚组间术后PULP发生率。以C₅椎体为界,比较其上(下)椎间水平减压术后总体PULP发生率。结果 术后26例PULP患者均接受非手术治疗,末次随访均获得基本缓解。除C_4/5椎间隙和C₅髓节外,其余节段减压术后亦可继发PULP。C₅椎体上(下)各两个椎间减压术后PULP发生率和中下水平4个颈椎间隙减压术后PULP发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义。术前脊髓型表现者,术后PULP发生率高于神经根型表现者,差异有统计学意义。结论 术前为上运动神经元通路损害为主要表现者,CDH前路减压术后更易继发PULP。PULP发作应与固有束神经元体系的早期、可逆和暂时损害密切相关。     

MR guidance and thermometry of percutaneous laser disc decompression in open MRI: an initial clinical investigation

Objectives

To assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of real-time MR guidance and thermometry of percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD).

Methods

Twenty-four discs in 22 patients with chronic low-back and radicular pain were treated by PLDD using open 1.0-T magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI). A fluoroscopic proton-density-weighted turbo spin-echo (PDw TSE) sequence was used to position the laser fibre. Non-spoiled gradient-echo (GRE) sequences were employed for real-time thermal monitoring based on proton resonance frequency (PRF). Radicular pain was assessed over 6 months with a numerical rating scale (NRS).

Results

PLDD was technically successful in all cases, with adequate image quality for laser positioning. The PRF-based real-time temperature monitoring was found to be feasible in practice. After 6 months, 21 % reported complete remission of radicular pain, 63 % at least great pain relief and 74 % at least mild relief. We found a significant decrease in the NRS score between the pre-intervention and the 6-month follow-up assessment (P?<?0.001). No major complications occurred; the single adverse event recorded, moderate motor impairment, resolved.

Conclusions

Real-time MR guidance and PRF-based thermometry of PLDD in the lumbar spine under open 1.0-T MRI appears feasible, safe and effective and may pave the way to more precise operating procedures.

Key Points

? Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) is increasingly used instead of conventional surgery. ? Open 1.0-T MRI with temperature mapping seems technically successful in monitoring PLDD. ? Pain relief was at least ‘great’ in 64?% of patients. ? No major complications occurred. ? Open 1.0-T MRI appears a safe and effective option for patient-tailored PLDD.