3-溴甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷的合成

以2,2-二溴甲基丙醇（BBMP）为初始原料,通过与碱发生关环反应生成3-溴甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷（BrMMO）。讨论了碱的种类和用量对BBMP关环产率的影响以及反应体系中碱的浓度、反应温度和反应时间对合成BrMMO产率的影响。通过实验确定的最佳工艺条件为：BBMP与NaOH摩尔比为1.0∶1.1,NaOH醇溶液的质量分数为12%,反应温度为78℃,反应时间为4h时,BrMMO产率为65%。最终产品经元素分析、IR和1HNMR检测确定为BrMMO。该试验工艺简单,原料易得,且溶剂便于回收、污染小。     

3-溴甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷均聚物的合成及表征

以1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为引发剂,三氟化硼乙醚络合物(BF3·Et2O)为催化剂,3-溴甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷(BrMMO)为单体,CH2Cl2为溶剂,按阳离子开环聚合机理,合成出有机黏合剂3-溴甲基-3-甲基氧杂环丁烷均聚物(PBrMMO).研究了低温条件下单体转化率随时间的变化情况,得出BrMMO转化率-时间曲线,考察了催化剂用量和反应体系温度对可控聚合的影响,确定出BrMMO可控聚合的最佳条件:BF3·Et2O与BDO的摩尔比为0.5∶1.0,0℃下加入单体并熟化3d.用IR、1HNMR、DSC及TGA对最终产物的结构与性能进行了表征.     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐的合成研究

以1-溴丁烷和N-甲基咪唑为原料合成了中间体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑,以中间体与NaBF4进行复分解反应制备了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐。探讨了投料比、反应时间、反应温度对中间体和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐产率的影响,确定了最佳合成条件。在此工艺条件下,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐产率可达85%以上。     

1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐的合成研究

以溴乙烷和N-甲基咪唑为原料合成了中间体溴化1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑,以中间体与NaBF4进行复分解反应制备了离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐。探讨了投料比、反应时间、反应温度对中间体和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐产率的影响,确定了最佳合成条件。在此工艺条件下,1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐产率可达94%以上。     

溴化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体的制备

以N-甲基咪唑和1-溴代辛烷为原料合成出溴化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑[OMIM]Br。研究了反应时间、反应温度及N-甲基咪唑与1-溴代辛烷的物质的量比(原料比)对[OMIM]Br收率的影响,产物结构经~1H NMR表征。实验确定的最佳工艺条件是:反应时间12 h,N-甲基咪唑与1-溴代辛烷物质的量比1:1.3,反应温度80℃,收率为93.32%。     

4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-甲基)苯甲酸二盐酸盐的合成

以4-甲基苯甲酸为起始原料,经α-位溴化、胺化后不经分离直接酸化制得4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-甲基)苯甲酸二盐酸盐.考察了溴化剂、引发剂对溴化反应及原料配比、反应温度、反应时间等对胺化过程的影响.得到的工艺条件为:①N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)为溴化剂、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,4-溴甲基苯甲酸收率为88.7%;②n(4-溴甲基苯甲酸)∶n(N-甲基哌嗪)=11∶.2,碳酸氢钠为缚酸剂,反应温度20～25℃,反应时间8 h,产品收率81.5%.通过熔点、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱确定了目标化合物的结构.     

N,N-二甲基-3-氯丙胺盐酸盐的相转移催化合成

以1,3-溴氯丙烷和33%二甲胺水溶液为原料,PEG-600为相转移催化剂进行烷基化反应得到了N,N-二甲基-3-氯丙胺盐酸盐,考察了相转移催化剂用量、二甲胺水溶液与1,3-溴氯丙烷摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对产率的影响。确定适宜反应条件为:n(二甲胺水溶液)∶n(1,3-溴氯丙烷)=1.2,PEG-600 2.0 g,反应时间4 h,反应温度为35~40℃,产率可达73.7%。     

氢氧化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑的合成与表征

以N-甲基咪唑和1-溴丁烷为原料,两步合成法合成碱性离子液体[Bmim]OH。考察了反应物摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间对碱性离子液体中间体产率的影响,碱化配比、碱化时间对碱性离子液体产率的影响。结果表明,合成碱性离子液体中间体的最佳条件为:反应温度70℃,反应时间20 h,物料比为1.2∶1,此时中间体产率最高,为92.64%;由中间体合成离子液体的最佳条件为:碱化时间为10 h,碱化配比为1.3∶1,此时碱性离子液体产率最高,为54.98%。用紫外光谱、红外光谱等对碱性离子液体的结构进行了表征和分析。     

(3S)-3-[(苄氧羰基)-甲基]-吗啉-2,5-二酮的合成研究

以β-苯甲基-L-天冬氨酸酯和溴乙酰溴为原料合成了(3S)-3-[(苄氧羰基)-甲基]-吗啉-2,5-二酮,产物用FTIR图谱、1H-NMR图谱进行结构表征.通过考察酰化反应中体系pH值和环化反应中反应物滴加速度对反应产率的影响,确定了pH=8、滴加速度0.006 mol/h为较佳的合成条件.通过对合成工艺的改进,反应...     

N,N-二甲基-3-氯丙胺的合成工艺研究

以1-溴-3-氯丙烷和33%二甲胺水溶液为主要原料进行胺的烷基化反应合成N,N-二甲基-3-氯丙胺。通过单因素试验和正交试验的考察,确定了最佳合成工艺条件,即原料摩尔比1∶1.5、反应温度30~35℃、反应时间4.5 h、继续反应时间1.5 h、碱化pH=10~11,总收率70.2%。该实验工艺流程简单、原料易得、成本较低。     

Ferroelectric Ceramics in the PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbCd1/3Nb2/3O3 System

Solid solutions (1-x)PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O₃ + xPbCd_1/3Nb_2/3O₃ with x = 0-0.30 are investigated with purpose to work out a capacitor ceramics with good dielectric properties and low sintering temperature. It is found that the perovskite phase forms at sintering near to 980°C and begins to decompose at higher temperatures. When x grows from 0 to 0.30, the Curie temperature linearly grows from -10°C to +25°C, the dielectric permittivity ε_m in the Curie point T_C decreases from 18000 to 6800 and the phase transition becomes more diffused. The dielectric permittivity at room temperature is rather high and the temperature stability is improved. The system is of interest, because it can serve as a base for working out some ceramic materials for capacitors with low sintering temperature, which needs of no special atmosphere at burning.     

3-叠氮甲基-3-甲基氧丁环的合成

以三羟甲基乙烷与碳酸二乙酯为原料,经环化反应合成了3-羟甲基-3-甲基氧丁环(HMM O)。在低温下,HMM O与对甲苯磺酰氯反应生成3-磺酸酯甲基-3-甲基氧丁环(M TM O)。M TM O和叠氮化钠发生叠氮化反应形成叠氮单体3-叠氮甲基-3-甲基氧丁环(AMM O)。三步反应收率分别为76%,96%,85%。用核磁、红外、元素分析和DSC表征了化合物的结构与性能。结构鉴定表明为目标化合物AMM O。     

The Preparation and Crystal Structure of TlMnCl3, TlFeCl3, TlCoCl3 and TlNiCl3

The compounds TlMnCl₃, TlFeCl₃, TlCoCl₃ and TlNiCl₃ were prepared by heating T1C1 with the corresponding transition metal dichloride in an evacuated ampoule. Atomic positions were determined from powder photographs. All four compounds were found to be related to the perovskite type structure. TlMnCl₃ has a cubic structure, space group Pm3m, with a_o = 5.025 Å. The other three compounds are hexagonal, probable space group P6₃mc, with cell dimensions (in Å) a₀ = 6.976 and c₀ = 6.008 for the Fe compound, a₀ = 6.907 and c₀ = 5.981 for the Co compound and a₀ = 6.863 and c₀ = 5.881 for the Ni compound. The three hexagonal compounds are isomorphous. A measureable concentration of basal plane stacking faults was found to occur in TlFeCl₃ and also, to a lesser degree, in TlCoCl_3.     

Tunable color emission in LaScO3:Bi3+,Tb3+,Eu3+ phosphor

LaScO₃:xBi³⁺,yTb³⁺,zEu³⁺ (x = 0 − 0.04, y = 0 − 0.05, z = 0 − 0.05) phosphors were prepared via high-temperature solid-state reaction. Phase identification and crystal structures of the LaScO₃:xBi³⁺,yTb³⁺,zEu³⁺ phosphors were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Crystal structure of phosphors was analyzed by Rietveld refinement and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The luminescent performance of these trichromatic phosphors is investigated by diffuse reflection spectra and photoluminescence. The phenomenon of energy transfer from Bi³⁺ and Tb³⁺ to Eu³⁺ in LaScO₃:xBi³⁺,yTb³⁺,zEu³⁺ phosphors was investigated. By changing the ratio of x, y, and z, trichromatic can be obtained in the LaScO₃ host, including red, green, and blue emission with peak centered at 613, 544, and 428 nm, respectively. Therefore, two kinds of white light-emitting phosphors were obtained, LaScO₃:0.02Bi³⁺,0.05Tb³⁺,zEu³⁺ and LaScO₃:0.02Bi³⁺,0.03Eu³⁺,yTb³⁺. The energy transfer was characterized by decay times of the LaScO₃:xBi³⁺, yTb³⁺, zEu³⁺ phosphors. Moreover absolute internal QY and CIE chromatic coordinates are shown. The potential optical thermometry application of LaScO₃:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺ was based on the temperature sensitivity of the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR). The maximum S_a and S_r are 0.118 K⁻¹ (at 473.15 K) and 0.795% K⁻¹ (at 448.15 K), respectively. Hence, the LaScO₃:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺ phosphor is a good material for optical temperature sensing.     

2,2,3-三氯-3-苯基-3-(3-甲基苯甲酰基)丙腈的合成研究

以苯甲酰氯、四氯化碳、间甲基苯甲酰氰为原料,合成了标题化合物。重点考察了氰化过程中不同原料配比、反应温度、时间、溶剂和催化剂用量对收率的影响。实验结果表明,其最佳反应条件为:n(1,1,2-三氯-2-苯基乙烯)∶n(3-甲基苯甲酰氰)=1∶1.2,二氯甲烷为反应溶剂,3 mmol催化剂三乙胺,室温反应5 h,总收率达80.6%。     

Thermal analyses of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)

Thermal analyses of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(HB–HV)], and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [P(HB–HHx)] were made with thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the thermal degradation of PHB, the onset of weight loss occurred at the temperature (°C) given by T_o = 0.75B + 311, where B represents the heating rate (°C/min). The temperature at which the weight-loss rate was at a maximum was T_p = 0.91B + 320, and the temperature at which degradation was completed was T_f = 1.00B + 325. In the thermal degradation of P(HB–HV) (70:30), T_o = 0.96B + 308, T_p = 0.99B + 320, and T_f = 1.09B + 325. In the thermal degradation of P(HB–HHx) (85:15), T_o = 1.11B + 305, T_p = 1.10B + 319, and T_f = 1.16B + 325. The derivative thermogravimetry curves of PHB, P(HB–HV), and P(HB–HHx) confirmed only one weight-loss step change. The incorporation of 30 mol % 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) and 15 mol % 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) components into the polyester increased the various thermal temperatures T_o, T_p, and T_f relative to those of PHB by 3–12°C (measured at B = 40°C/min). DSC measurements showed that the incorporation of HV and HHx decreased the melting temperature relative to that of PHB by 70°C. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 90–98, 2001     

Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+的制备与发光性质

采用高温固相法合成了Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+红色荧光粉,并研究了Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+的发光特性。Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+的激发光谱包含250nm～330nm和350nm～400nm的2个宽带,最大峰值位于383nm,可以被紫外-近紫外发光二极管(light-emitting diodes,LED)有效激发。Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+的发射谱显示出4组发射峰,其主发射峰位于620nm,对应Eu3+的5D0→7F2跃迁;Eu3+掺杂摩尔分数为2%时,Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+发光亮度最高。经分析发现Ba3Tb(BO3)3:Eu3+存在Tb3+→Eu3+的能量传递。