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西部原油管道冷热交替输送技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在对管道冷热油交替输送技术一般性规律研究的基础上,提出了鄯兰管道冷热油交替顺序输送方案并付诸实施,2008年底在长达749 km的鄯善—玉门管段上成功进行了4种原油共40批次的冷热交替顺序输送现场工业性试验,同时在2009年底在鄯善—兰州管段近1 700 km的长距离管道上实现3种物性波动较大原油的冷热交替顺序输送。文章介绍了冷热交替顺序输送的物理数学模型,应用编制的计算软件进行计算,并将各站的最低油温计算值与实验值进行对比,验证了水力热力计算软件的准确、可靠性。冷热交替输送运行的实践和经验可为其他原油长输管道提供借鉴。 相似文献
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随着大庆油田进入开发后期,原油产量逐年递减,管道大多处于低输量运行状态。为保证大庆油田R区块A—B段含蜡原油管道在低输量下安全、经济地运行,根据管道主要运行参数,设计了掺水输送、新建加热站输送和正反输三套安全保障方案,确定了各方案主要设备型号。综合考虑管道运行能耗费用和建设投资费用,最终优选出掺水输送作为大庆油田含蜡原油管道低输量运行安全保障方案,即首站外输含水原油至末站、扩建末站污水站、剩余污水在污水站处理后就地回注方案。研究成果对含蜡原油管道低输量安全保障方案的提出具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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为减少管道冬季运行的安全隐患,降低能耗,西部某原油管道从运行环境和油品物性等方面采取了一系列举措,包括从单一油品的顺序输送到四种油品的混合输送;从全线启炉到一站式启炉;从外输温度50~55℃降至35~40℃(余热回收)等。对比混合输送和单一油品顺序输送,及热媒油换热和油油换热(即余热回收)的优缺点,得出混合输送和余热回收更具优越性,不仅有利于冬季安全运行(增加冬季安全停输时间,避免凝点异常反弹等),还极大地降低了管道能耗,其中四混油的外输也为管道冬季常温输送提供了理论支持。 相似文献
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The wax deposition in the tubing, pipeline, and surface flow line is the major problem in the oil fields. It generates additional pressure drop and causes fauling and ultimately increases the operating cost during production, transportation, and handling of waxy crude oil. In this work, attempts were made to study the wax deposition in the flow lines due to Indian crude oil under dynamic condition. The experimental work was carried out for neat crude oil and pour point depressants treated crude oil at different ambient/surface temperature and pumping/reservoir temperature. It was observed that temperature has significant effect on the wax deposition of the crude oils. From these studies, ideal temperature of crude oil to pump in the pipeline or flow line was determined. The present investigations also furnishes that the selected pour point depressant in this work decreases the wax deposition significantly and may be used for controlling the wax deposition problems in case of Indian crude oil. 相似文献
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广州石油化工总厂为满足原油供给的需要,减少进口油的中转费用,兴建了惠州港原油码头及其配套系统,1997年3月投入生产。原油码头可满足30~250kt级油轮的靠油作业;整个罐区的实际储油能力为288 dam~3,超过了设计能力;长输管道实际输油能力比原设计输油能力高18%。码头和输送管道及各项设施运转良好,达到了设计要求。它的建成和投产解决了该厂加工的国内外原油进厂的“瓶颈”问题,为把建成10Mt/a级炼油厂打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
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《中国炼油与石油化工》2021,(1)
In order to ensure the safety of the non-heating gathering and transportation processes for high water fraction crude oil, the effect of temperature, water fraction, and flow rate on the flow characteristics of crude oil with high water fraction was studied in a flow experimental system of the X Oilfield. Four distinct flow patterns were identified by the photographic and local sampling techniques. Especially, three new flow patterns were found to occur below the pour point of crude oil, including EW/OW stratified flow with gel deposition, EW/OW intermittent flow with gel deposition, and water single-phase flow with gel deposition. Moreover, two characteristic temperatures, at which the change rate of pressure drop had changed obviously, were found during the change of pressure drop. The characteristic temperature of the first congestion of gel deposition in the pipeline was determined to be the safe temperature for the non-heating gathering and transportation of high water cut crude oil, while the pressure drop reached the peak at this temperature. An empirical formula for the safe temperature was established for oil-water flow with high water fraction/low fluid production rate. The results can serve as a guide for the safe operation of the non-heating gathering and transportation of crude oil in high water fraction oilfields. 相似文献
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塔里木油田轮南作业区天然气站共有5套油、气处理装置:40×104 m3/a轻烃回收装置;400×104 t/a原油稳定装置;90×104 m3/a气举装置;液化气、轻烃储运站;8×104 m3/a轻烃综合利用厂。这5套装置在生产流程上既紧密相联,又互相制约、相互影响,其中任何一套装置的运行平稳与否直接关系到其他装置的运行。文章旨在分析研究这5套装置相互间的制约因素,并在现有工艺流程及生产条件的基础上制定合理的优化方案,充分挖掘装置生产潜能,提高生产效益。 相似文献
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输油管道运行优化理论与方法的分析 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
根据输油工艺实际,以进站油温为变量,建立了泵管耦合逐站计算优化分析模型及给定输量及稳态条件下长距离密闭输送原油管道运行优化目标函数、约束条件和越站条件,引入了进泵原油粘性对泵性能的影响,提出了泵性能粘液影响修正系数动态查取及粘液性能曲线自动换算数解方法,应用非线性规划方法,实施了全线运行方案优化分析,探讨了管壁结蜡及主要约束条件值变化对运行优化的影响。相对于泵管解耦模型,本文方法更接近于工程实际,具有更高的分析精度。应用方法所基的分析软件,可直接得到给定输量输油管道包括最佳进站油温、各站泵炉运行方式、加热温度、出站压力等优化运行控制参数及预计的经济指标等在内的经济运行方案,以提供实际工程参考。 相似文献
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Heavy crude oil shows high viscosity combined with low mobility, which affects the efficient transportation through pipelines. Drag has long been identified as the main reason for the loss of energy in pipeline fluid transmission and other similar transportation channels. The main contributor to this drag is the viscosity as well as friction against pipe walls, which will result in more pumping power consumption. Various methods such as heating, upgrading, dilution, core annular flow, and emulsification in water have been used for their transportation. The influence of toluene and naphtha as a viscosity and drag reducing solvent on flow of Iraqi crude oil in pipelines was investigated in the present work. The effect of additive type, concentration, pipe diameter, solution flow rate, and heating on the percentage of drag reduction (%Dr) and percentage flow increase (%FI) were the variables of study. The maximum drag reduction was observed to be 40.48% and 34.32% using heavy oil flowing in pipeline diameter of 0.0508 m I.D. at 27°C containing 10 wt% naphtha and toluene, respectively. Also, the dimensional analysis is used for grouping the significant quantities into dimension less group to reduce the number of variables. 相似文献
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特高含水采油期安全混输温度界限试验研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
随着油田开发的深入,大庆油田原油综合含水率不断升高,大部分油井产出液含水率在90% 左右。随着含水率的升高,集输原油的能耗也呈急剧上升趋势。为了实现安全不加热集输及降低能耗和生产成本,在大庆油田建立了一套试验装置,以大庆油田采油六厂喇嘛甸油田特高含水油井产出的油气水混合物为试验介质,测试了不同温度、不同含水率、不同产液量及不同含气情况下的压降及油气水混合物的流动状态。试验研究结果表明,在含水率超过85% 、产液量为11~105t/d、气油比为40~60m3/t及油气水混合物的流速为0.2~2m/s、气相折算速度为0.15~1.8m/s的条件下,油、气、水三相在水平管道内的流动属于冲击流,油、水两相属于分层流或水为连续相的乳状/悬浮液。在不加任何药剂的情况下,特高含水采油期,油气水安全混输温度界限为23℃,低于原油凝固点。 相似文献