烃源岩有机碳测井预测模型优选及应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞地区延长组长9为例

总有机碳(TOC)质量分数是烃源岩评价的重要指标。为了对鄂尔多斯盆地东南部安塞地区延长组长9烃源岩有机碳进行测井评价,本文先立足于岩心分析实测w(TOC)资料,基于烃源岩对不同测井曲线的响应特征,运用多元回归模型、传统Δlog R模型以及Δlog R模型的改进型和广义型,分别建立烃源岩w(TOC)测井定量预测模型;然后将这几种模型加以分析和组合运用,从改进Δlog R模型中提取拟合叠合系数应用到两种广义Δlog R模型的计算当中,应用效果良好;最后对模型进行对比和优选,提出最适合研究区的烃源岩w(TOC)测井定量预测模型。结果表明:考虑密度的广义Δlog R模型准确度最高,平均相对误差为7.78%;多元回归模型次之,平均相对误差为9.65%。二者均满足w(TOC)测井定量预测的精度要求。     

基于相关指标的裂隙岩体渗透系数估算模型研究

掌握岩体的渗透性是精细化描述一个地区水文地质特征的重要工作。渗透系数是表征岩体渗透性的重要指标,研究渗透系数估算模型对于实际工程应用具有重要意义。在现有的渗透系数估算模型中,单因子模型忽略了其他因素对该地区渗透系数的综合影响,复合因子模型存在参数选取不够灵活、部分参数较难获取等问题。基于公开数据,分类整理和对比分析了影响裂隙岩体渗透性的正、负相关参数,提出一种拟合效果好、参数选取灵活的渗透系数估算模型——PNC（Positive and Negative Correlation）模型。研究结果表明:在研究区一,PNC模型的拟合效果（可决系数R2=0.964和R2=0.801）优于HC模型的拟合效果（R2=0.905和R2=0.563）;在研究区二,PNC模型的拟合效果（R2=0.959）优于RMP模型的拟合效果（R2=0.927）;在研究区三,PNC模型的拟合效果（R2=0.94～0.99）优于ZRF模型的拟合效果（R2=0.92～0.99）。利用纳什效率系数（Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient,NSE）进行模型误差分析,7组数据中有5组数据的误差系数在0.95以上。这说明PNC模型具有便利性和可靠性,可以为实际工程估算和验证渗透系数提供一定的参考。     

隧道施工引起横向地层沉降的随机预测

运用随机介质理论推导的横向地层沉降理论公式计算隧道施工引起的横向地层沉降时 ,影响范围角 β和隧道收敛值ΔR比较难以确定。详细分析了这两个参数的确定问题 ,并通过工程实例验证了横向地层沉降理论公式。     

节理卸荷岩体非线性本构关系再研究

对地质材料模型、石膏模型、砂浆模型、进行了模型试验,通过对模型试验得出的数据进行分析、拟合,得出初步的节理卸荷岩体的增量本构。针对其不足,从参数选择、物理意义等方面进一步进行修正得出一改进的增量本构关系,并在有限元分析程序ADINA中接入该本构关系,对清江隔河岩电站厂房高边坡三维模型进行有限元分析。     

多矿物测井解释模型及其在砂泥岩地层测井解释中的应用

多矿物模型分析基于测井响应分析原理,采用最优化解释方法处理砂泥岩地层和复杂岩性地层的测井资料,可分辨出单井剖面中地层矿物类别,进行矿物体积含量、孔隙度、饱和度等测井参数解释.该方法弥补了全井段取心分析费用高的缺陷,可为计算地层参数提供可靠的岩性模型.应用该模型在洛带气田进行了实例计算,获得连续的地层矿物含量和各种储层参数,与传统的SAND2模型测井解释结果和岩心分析结果对比后证实,多矿物模型分析优于传统测井解释模型.     

水文地质模型参数估计的一种数值方法

给出了用于水文地质模型参数估计的一种改进的基因算法,分析了该算法参数的寻优特性,得到了该算法参数的简便设置技术,并结合实例说明了它的应用。     

储层参数平面分布预测方法评价

利用逐步回归分析、神经网络、相关滤波、协克里金和非参数回归分析等方法，实现了由地震资料与测井资料联合应用对孔隙度参数的平面分布预测。通过实例分析比较了各自的地质效果。归纳总结出各种方法的特点及应用条件。     

对地面高精度磁测T_0测定的探讨

通过地面高精度磁测磁异常ΔT的计算公式推导及剖析,分析了与ΔT计算有关各参数的物理意义,提出了在实际工作中对T0的测定和应用方面的新认识。     

基于动态参数线性回归模型的路堤沉降预测

随着观测信息的丰富,常规的线性模型的不足凸现,影响了模型的精度.为了克服常规模型的缺点提出了动态参数线性回归模型.根据动态参数线性回归模型要求,在参与建模数据个数保持不变的情况下,利用新观测的数据取代旧有的数据,获取新的模型参数,进而建立动态参数线性回归模型,并进行沉降预测.通过实例验证,效果比较理想.     

改进加权马尔科夫链模型在喀什地区承压含水层参数动态识别中的应用研究

承压含水层的估算对于地下水开发利用的合理规划十分重要。而承压含水层参数识别对于含水层水量参数估算至关重要。结合改进加权马尔科夫链模型,以喀什为研究实例,对该地区承压含水层参数进行动态识别,从置信区间分析结果可看出,喀什地区承压含水层参数的变幅为7.93 m^2/min,而承压含水层参数μ的变幅为0.048,从不同置信度下的变幅结果可看出,相比于传统模型,改进加权马尔科夫链模型提高了参数识别收敛效率和计算精度。计算结果的可靠性程度较高。研究成果对于喀什地区含水层水量估算具有重要的参考价值。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an