液体动静压球形轴承动态特性分析

分析了轴承参数对球形液体轴承的动态特性的影响规律,为液体球轴承的动态刚度、阻尼以及稳定性提供理论指导。以液体动静压球轴承为研究对象,建立液体球轴承的润滑分析数学模型,采用小扰动法推导出层流状态下动态液体润滑方程,采用有限差分法求解扰动压力偏微分方程,数值计算液体球轴承的刚度系数和阻尼系数,通过数值分析研究轴承的转速、偏心率、平均油膜间隙等参数对轴承的动态特性系数的影响规律。结果表明：转速、偏心率以及平均油膜间隙对油膜的刚度和阻尼有着重要的影响。     

气穴现象对动静压浮环径向轴承压力场的影响研究

由Navier-Stokes方程得出计入惯性项的变密度、变粘度的深浅腔动静压浮环径向轴承的内、外油膜无量纲非定常Reynolds方程,给出深腔压力边界条件和流量边界条件,对不同偏心率下不同含气率的内、外油膜压力场进行了分析。计算表明,深腔气穴使动静压浮环径向轴承的内、外油膜的压力峰值下降,在小偏心率下影响较为明显,对内油膜压力峰值的影响大于外油膜。     

计入气穴影响的径推浮环轴承静特性研究

给出了控制径向推力联合浮环动静压轴承内、外层油膜的气油两相流变密度、变粘度无量纲非定常Reynolds方程及压力边界条件和深腔流量平衡方程,对不同偏心率下含气率为0和0.1的径向、推力部分内外油膜进行了有限元计算,得到压力分布及各静态特性曲线.结果表明,小偏心率时深腔气穴对轴承性能影响较为明显,使径向油膜压力峰值下降20%以上,轴向油膜压力峰值下降10%以上,并使浮环轴承径向、轴向部分的承载力、摩擦功耗减小,流量增大.随着偏心率的增大及转速的提高,气穴的影响程度减小.     

内外膜独立供油向心浮环轴承稳定性研究

用有限元法计算内外膜独立供油的高速径向浮环动静压轴承的刚度系数和阻尼系数,用Routh-Hurwitz准则给出计入轴颈和浮环质量的稳定性判据。分析供油压力对浮环轴承内外膜无量纲临界质量的影响,结果表明动静压浮环轴承小偏心工作时,降低供油压力可提高系统稳定性;大偏心下工作时,采用较高的供油压力可提高系统的稳定性。     

计入浮环质量的浮环动静压轴承稳定性分析

以径向浮环动静压轴承为研究对象,将浮环质量考虑在内,建立轴颈和浮环的动力学方程;用Routh-Hurwitz准则推导径向浮环轴承的稳定性判据;用差分法计算某结构高速径向浮环动静压轴承的刚度系数和阻尼系数,得到不同偏心率下的失稳转速,并探讨浮环质量对轴承稳定性的影响。结果表明：浮环质量对轴承稳定性有一定影响,且影响随浮环质量与转子质量的比值增大而增大;考虑浮环质量会使得相应的失稳转速有所降低,且降低幅度随偏心率先增大后减小。     

球面螺旋槽动静压气体轴承动态特性分析

以半球螺旋槽动静压气体轴承为研究对象,建立球面动静压混合气体轴承的非线性动态润滑计算分析数学模型,采用偏导数法推导出扰动压力控制方程;在广义坐标系下,采用有限差分法对扰动压力控制方程离散化,推导出扰动压力的差分表达式;推导出半球螺旋槽动静压气体轴承刚度和阻尼系数与扰动压力之间的关系表达式;采用VC++6.0编制程序,数值计算出三维微气膜的瞬态扰动压力分布、非线性气膜力及动态刚度系数和动态阻尼系数。研究转速、偏心率及供气压力对气膜动态特性系数的影响规律,结果表明:随着转速、偏心率及供气压力的增大,气膜刚度和阻尼系数均有不同程度的变化。     

螺旋槽气体轴承动态特性及失稳分析

针对高速动静压气体轴承气膜的复杂非线性动力学行为,以球面螺旋槽动静压气体轴承为研究对象,建立润滑分析数学模型;采用有限差分法与导数积分法进行求解,得到动态扰动压力分布及动态特性系数,并研究切向供气条件下螺旋槽参数、径向偏心率、供气压力、转速对气膜刚度阻尼系数的影响规律;建立线性稳定性计算模型,预测气膜涡动失稳转速,分析运行参数对失稳转速的影响。结果表明:气膜阻尼是一种抑制涡动的因素,气膜的稳定性取决于气膜刚度与阻尼的协同作用;气膜刚度阻尼随着槽宽比、槽深比、螺旋角的增大,整体上呈先增大后减小的趋势;刚度随转速的升高而增大,阻尼则随转速的升高而减小;径向偏心率和供气压力越大,气膜刚度和阻尼越大;在一定范围内,提高供气压力、增大径向偏心率能够提高系统失稳转速;合理地选取轴承结构参数和运行参数,能够优化轴承动态特性,保证气体轴承较高的运行稳定性。     

运行参数对静压气体轴承动力学特性的影响

基于MATLAB编程,利用有限差分法耦合比例分割法求解Reynolds方程,获得静压气体轴承的压力分布;采用偏导数方法,获得静压气体轴承扰动状态下的润滑方程,求解其动态刚度系数以及动态阻尼系数。针对双排孔供气、每排8孔均布的气体轴承模型进行数值计算,分析在特定结构尺寸下静压气体轴承的运行参数(供气压力、转速、偏心率)对其动力学参数及稳定性的影响。结果表明:静压气体轴承的主刚度和主阻尼系数随供气压力及偏心率的增加而增大,主刚度随着转速的增加而增加,主阻尼系数随转速的增加而减少;低频扰动更易使气体轴承发生失稳,适当提高运行偏心率可以提高轴承稳定性。     

考虑热效应的涡轮增压器浮环轴承动态特性研究

以流体润滑为基础,考虑热效应对油膜黏度的影响,研究涡轮增压器浮环轴承的动态特性,利用DyRoBesBeperf软件建立涡轮增压器浮环轴承的参数化模型,在环速比一定时分析浮环轴承内外油膜压力的分布,以及偏心率、油膜的刚度、阻尼随转速的变化规律。研究表明:在浮环轴承结构参数及载荷一定的情况下,随转子转速的增加,其偏心率下降,Sommerfeld数和功耗均增大,且内油膜的Sommerfeld数、功耗大于外油膜的Sommerfeld数及功耗,因此内油膜承载力大于外油膜承载力;因偏心率随转速的增大而减小,因此油膜等效刚度和等效阻尼下降。     

透平膨胀机组动静压向心浮环轴承静动态性能及稳定性研究

提出一种新型结构的动静压轴承——径向推力联合浮环动静压轴承,将径向浮环和推力浮环做成一体。给出该轴承径向部分的内、外油膜Reynolds方程和边界条件,进行了静、动特性计算和稳定性分析。与同等工况下高速旋转机械中广泛使用的五瓦可倾瓦轴承进行比较,该联合浮环动静压轴承具有摩擦功耗低和较高的旋转稳定性等特点。计算结果表明,这种轴承摩擦功耗降低约20%,失稳转速为125685r/min,可以取代五瓦可倾瓦轴承。     

透平膨胀机组动静压径向推力联合浮环轴承推力部分静动态性能研究

给出了动静压径向推力联合浮环轴承推力部分内、外层油膜Reynolds方程和边界条件,通过有限元计算得到了不同间隙和转速下内、外层油膜的压力分布和静、动态特性参数。采用深腔作为节流腔,分析计算了该内置扁毛细管节流的相当节流比。该推力浮环轴承与透平膨胀机组原来使用的五瓦可倾瓦轴承相比,稳定工作时摩擦功耗降低约26%。     

Analysis of tapered-land hybrid aerostatic journal bearings

Results of the analysis of hybrid (aerostatic and aerodynamic) taperedland ournal bearings are presented. For a known bearing geometry, the Reynolds equation is reduced to a set of partial differential equations by using a first-order perturbation method. These differential equations are solved by a finite-difference numerical technique. The effects of various design and operational parameters on the load-carrying capacity and the attitude angle of the bearing were studied. The results are expressed in terms of non-dimensional parameters to enable their direct use for design purposes.     

透平膨胀机组动静压浮环轴承稳定性研究

对一种新型结构的动静压轴承－－径向－推力联合浮环动静压轴砂进行动态性能计算和稳定性分析。结果表明该轴承不仅具有较低的摩擦功耗，而且具有较高的稳定性，可以取代目前高速旋转机械中广泛使用的五瓦可倾瓦轴承。     

Comparative study of the performance of six-pocket and four-pocket hydrostatic/hybrid flexible journal bearings

This paper compares the performance of a six-pocket capillary compensated hydrostatic/hybrid flexible journal bearing to that of a simi ar four-pocket journal bearing. The comparison is based on theoretically computed results. The finite-element method has been used to obtain simultaneous solutions of the three-dimensional elasticity equations and the Reynolds equation. It is observed that the six-pocket journal bearing may be more efficient from a stability point of view as compared to a similar four-pocket journal system.     

主动混合滑动轴承的可控性分析

针对动静压混合滑动轴承,分析了主动节流轴承的可控性,并提出以可控性系数来加以衡量。通过有限差分法迭代求解Reynolds方程,根据油腔内的流量平衡关系修正油腔压力,继而得到轴承间隙内的油膜压力分布和油膜合力;采用小扰动法求解得到轴承的8个动力特性系数和可控性系数。结果表明:增大油腔面积,将能有效提高轴承的可控性;油腔轴向宽度对轴承可控性系数的影响较大,而周向包角的影响相对较小;轴承的同心节流比对轴承的可控性有较大影响,提高节流比将能得到较好的可控性;油腔轴向宽度和轴承的同心节流比对轴承流量影响甚大,需要综合考虑轴承可控性和流量的关系,以达到最优性能。     

Non‐Newtonian and thermal effects in constant flow valve compensated symmetric hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing

Every high speed machine, demanding high level of perfection, can operate successfully through a precise design of bearings. Such a design can be formulated after carefully studying both static and dynamic characteristics of the journal bearing. The present paper described the study of static and dynamic performance of a hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system compensated with constant flow valve restrictor by considering the combined influence of thermal effects and non‐Newtonian behaviour of the lubricant. The variation of the viscosity due to the non‐Newtonian behaviour of the lubricant and temperature rise has been considered in the study. The numerical solution of the generalized Reynolds equation governing the flow of the lubricant, having variable viscosity along with the energy and heat conduction equations, was obtained using finite element method. The non‐Newtonian lubricant has been assumed to follow the cubic shear stress law. The study included the performance of a double row symmetric hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing configuration containing 12 holes per row. The results presented in this paper indicate that change in viscosity of lubricant affects the performance of the hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system quite significantly. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal characteristics of a non-newtonian fluid in a porous thrust bearing

A study of the behavior of an externally pressurized circular porous thrust bearing using a non-newtonian fluid lubricant was made. The governing Navier-Stokes equations were reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations and were solved numerically with the cross-flow Reynolds number and the Prandtl number as parameters. The pressure distribution and the lift force were evaluated. The effects of cross-viscosity coefficients on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the bearing were determined.     

Influence of micropolar lubricants on the performance of slot-entry hybrid journal bearing

A theoretical study concerning the slot-entry hybrid journal bearing lubricated with micropolar lubricants is presented. The modified Reynolds equation for micropolar lubricant is solved using finite element method along with equation of lubricant flow through slot-entry restrictors as a constraint together with appropriate boundary conditions. It has been observed that a slot-entry hybrid journal bearing operating with micropolar lubricant shows an increase in the value of minimum fluid film thickness and a reduction in the value of coefficient of friction as compared to a corresponding similar slot-entry hybrid journal bearing operating with Newtonian lubricant.