氢氧化铝粒径及添加量对硅橡胶性能的影响

考察了在硅橡胶中添加氢氧化铝的粒径和添加量对其力学性能、电性能、阻燃性能、憎水性及耐热老化性能等的影响。结果表明,1.2 μm的氢氧化铝不易分散,在硅橡胶中的分布不均匀;为满足硅橡胶的漏电起痕和阻燃性能,氢氧化铝添加量应在115份（质量,同下）以上。硅橡胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度均随氢氧化铝添加量的增加而先增大后减小,门尼黏度随添加量增加逐渐增大,而氢氧化铝粒径和添加量对其体积电阻率和表面电阻率都没有明显的影响。综合技术和经济因素考虑,以在硅橡胶中添加粒径2.6 μm、添加量135份的氢氧化铝为宜。     

粉煤灰泡沫陶瓷的研制

以粉煤灰和氧化镁粉末为主要原料,添加适量粘结剂、分散剂和稳定剂等助剂,用添加造孔剂工艺研制粉煤灰泡沫陶瓷。通过对制品表观密度、开口孔隙率、吸水率等性能的测试,分析了造孔剂掺量、粉煤灰掺量对泡沫陶瓷性能的影响,并确定了其最佳掺量。     

抗菌醇酸树脂家具涂料的研制

将抗菌剂十四烷基甲基二羟乙基溴化铵(TMDAB)添加到醇酸树脂涂料中,以制备抗菌家具涂料。考察了抗菌涂料的抗菌性能及不同的抗菌剂添加量对涂料的基本性能和涂膜的外观、力学性能等的影响,并确定了抗菌剂的适宜添加量。实验结果表明,当抗菌剂在醇酸树脂涂料中的添加量为2%~3%时,不仅抗菌涂料具备优良的抗菌性能,而且抗菌剂对醇酸树脂涂料及涂膜的基本性能影响也较小,达到企业标准的要求。     

苯丙乳液的合成及其在内墙涂料中的应用

采用预乳化法制备了具有优良耐擦洗性能的苯丙乳液,讨论了乳液玻璃化温度、乳化剂类型、乳化剂添加量、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺等功能单体添加量以及反应性有机硅的添加对乳液和涂膜性能的影响,制备了可用于高PVC的内墙涂料体系,添加少量乳液亦可使内墙涂料具有优良的耐擦洗性.实验表明,当乳液玻璃化温度(Tg)为25 ～ 27 ℃,非离子乳化剂与阴离子乳化剂质量比为1∶2,乳化剂添加量为单体量的2.5％(质量分数,下同),丙烯酸(AA)添加1.5％,丙烯酰胺(AM)添加2％时,所制备的乳液及涂膜各项性能优良.     

水溶性电池壳镀镍层保护剂研究

以水溶性油酸酯为电池壳镀镍层基础保护剂组分,分别研究了硫醇、MF缓蚀剂和葵二酸三乙醇胺酯等辅助保护剂对保护膜层性能的影响。采用正交试验对保护剂组分进行了优化,通过中性盐雾实验、高温高湿实验、SEM和EDS等研究了保护膜层的性能。结果表明,当硫醇添加量为1.0%,MF缓蚀剂添加量为1.0%,葵二酸三乙醇胺酯添加量为8.0%时,保护剂制备的膜层综合性能最好。     

顺酐气相加氢制γ-丁内酯催化剂初步研究

考察了制备方法、铜锌比、载体种类、添加方式及其添加量等因素对催化剂性能的影响。研制出的催化剂的性能达到或超过国内同类产品的水平     

CTC-IPN型原位改性废橡胶粉技术应用研究

将共轭三组分互穿聚合物网络（CTC-IPN）原位改性废橡胶粉技术应用于生产配方中,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDX）分析了复合材料的结构,研究了混炼胶的门尼粘度、复合材料的热氧老化性能、迁移性能等。实验结果表明,在43%-55%含胶量的生产配方上,添加较多的250μm改性胶粉后（配方含胶量降为34%-42%）,复合材料的性能优于或达到生产配方的性能;添加改性胶粉的复合材料的性能好于添加相同量杂胶粉的复合材料性能。     

影响SBS改性沥青质量的主要因素分析

分析了不同类型改性沥青的优缺点,确定了SBS改性沥青以其良好的高低温性能得到了广泛的使用和发展。文中从SBS化学结构、SBS微粒的大小、SBS添加量、稳定剂添加量及相容剂添加量等方面进行了分析,探讨了生产中各因素对改性沥青产品质量的影响,指出了生产中的常用配比。     

色浆和助剂对金属防腐涂料的影响

在涂料中添加各种助剂来改善涂料的性能,已经成为防腐蚀涂料研究的一个热点领域。将水性硅溶胶与硅丙树脂复配,并与色浆复合,制得一种金属防腐涂料。研究了色浆的添加量对涂层性能的影响,同时在金属防腐涂料中添加光稳定剂、消光粉以及增稠剂并通过调节各种助剂的加入量来改善涂料的性能,考察了漆膜的附着力、硬度、耐盐雾性等性能的变化情况,最终得到各助剂加入量的最佳值。     

光敏性微凝胶在光固化电泳涂料中的应用

将自制的光敏性微凝胶添加到光固化电泳涂料中,以进一步提升光固化电沉积体系的综合性能.研究了光敏性微凝胶添加量对光固化电沉积体系电泳过程、电沉积膜光固化行为、固化膜玻璃化转变温度及机械性能等的影响.研究结果表明:当光敏性微凝胶添加量不大于6％时,光敏性微凝胶的添加并不影响电沉积过程的有效进行,且随着光敏性微凝胶添加量的增大,光固化电泳涂料固化膜的玻璃化转变温度、贮能模量及拉伸强度等性能均得到有效提升.     

From laboratory experiments to simulation studies of methanol dehydration to produce dimethyl ether—Part I: Reaction kinetic study

Most of the reaction rate equations for methanol dehydration are derived from the experiments conducted for crude methanol as feed and laboratory prepared catalysts, which are not exactly the same as industrial reactors conditions. In the present contribution, it is attempted to find suitable rate of reactions for pure methanol with no water as feed and commercial catalysts of HZSM-5 and γ-alumina at industrial conditions in methanol dehydration process. In addition, a comparison between the performances of the catalysts is performed. It is found that HZSM-5 has superior performances compared to the γ-alumina in terms of conversion. Modeling results are also indicated that the proposed rate of reaction predicts the behavior of the process, properly.     

聚乙烯醇纤维改性茂金属POE阻隔性研究

以聚乙烯醇(PVAL)纤维材料为阻隔改性剂,与茂金属乙烯–辛烯共聚物(POE)熔融共混,改善POE对非极性溶剂的耐受性和阻隔性。PVAL纤维可在一定的温度区间内与POE熔融共混加工,且可维持较好的纤维状态。PVAL纤维含量提高可降低共混物二甲苯吸收率和渗透率,相容剂的加入可增强效果。成型温度的提高有益于共混物阻隔性能的提高,但过高的成型温度会造成力学性能显著下降。     

复配型水处理剂的阻垢缓蚀性能初步研究

采用静态阻垢法和旋转挂片失重法评定了在高浓度钙离子水系统中的水处理剂的阻垢性能和缓蚀性能,并研究了栲胶与水处理剂复配后水处理剂的阻垢缓蚀性能。结果表明,PBTCA具有广泛高效的阻垢性能,可忍受较高的Ca2＋浓度。栲胶与PBTCA、HPMA复配后在阻垢性能上具有良好的协同效应,当栲胶与PBTCA配比为3∶1时,阻垢缓蚀性能最佳。     

熔盐吸热管非稳态对流换热特性

实验研究了高温熔盐吸热管的非稳态对流换热特性。研究发现：加热热通量与熔盐流量变化将引起吸热管内熔盐的非稳态对流换热过程,熔盐出口温度与管壁温度变化趋势一致但变化速度较慢。熔盐进口温度越低时,熔盐黏度越大,非稳态过程进行得越慢;热通量变化量增大时,温度变化速率加大,但非稳态持续时间变化不大;熔盐流量变化的影响最为显著,熔盐流量增大时,非稳态过程显著加快。吸热管有保温层时,熔盐的非稳态对流换热特性与无保温层时基本一致,但管壁温度相对较高。     

改性木素磺酸盐GCL2-D1缓蚀阻垢性能研究

采用旋转挂片失重法、电化学极化法以及鼓泡法综合评价了改性木素磺酸盐GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢性能。结果表明,GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢性能比未改性的木素磺酸盐均有大幅度提高。当质量浓度为50mg·L-1时,GCL2-D1对20#碳钢的缓蚀率可达95%;当质量浓度大于8mg·L-1时,GCL2-D1的阻垢率大于95%。通过对比发现,GCL2-D1的缓蚀和阻垢性能比有机膦缓蚀阻垢剂HEDP好。文中还初步探讨了GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢作用机理,GCL2-D1属于混合型缓蚀剂,主要通过在金属表面吸附成膜实现缓蚀作用,其阻垢机理包括络合增溶、分散作用和晶格畸变。     

三聚氰胺包覆聚磷酸铵阻燃环氧树脂的研究

研究了三聚氰胺包覆聚磷酸铵(MPP)与季戊四醇(PER)阻燃环氧树脂的燃烧性能。通过热重分析初步探讨了MPP/PER阻燃剂对环氧树脂的阻燃机理。结果表明:MPP/PER对环氧树脂具有很好的阻燃作用,能有效提高环氧树脂的氧指数和垂直燃烧性能,降低环氧树脂的热释放速率,使燃烧过程变得稳定,降低环氧树脂的火灾危险性。热重分析表明:添加了阻燃剂以后,环氧树脂的初始分解温度降低,残炭量显著增加,阻燃剂发挥了凝聚相阻燃的作用。     

MAH改性SEBS性能影响因素探讨

利用双螺杆熔融接枝反应制备聚苯乙烯-聚乙烯-聚丁二烯-聚苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐（SEBS—g—MAH）．考察各种因素对接枝的影响。研究表明。当MAH的加入量从0．8份增加到1．2份时,接枝率从0．60％增加到0．85％;随着SEBS相对分子质量的增大,反应接枝率逐步降低;对双叔丁过氧异丙苯（BIBP）的用量为0．10～0．12份时,有利于接枝产品综合性能的控制;共聚聚丙烯（CO—PP）的加入能改善产品的加工流动性。     

Friction and wear performances of Si3N4 ceramic matrix composites: A review from the perspectives of doped phase,layered structure design,and laser surface texturing

Si₃N₄ ceramic matrix composites (SN-CMCs) have been designed and widely used in many engineering fields under externally loading conditions. It is well known that the wear of materials is closely related to components’ mechanical reliability and service life. Understanding of the friction and wear performances is very important to provide insights into how to improve the wear resistance of materials. Coefficient of friction and wear rate, in general, are the most critical parameters of tribological behavior of materials. In this paper, friction and wear performances of SN-CMCs are reviewed from the perspectives of doped phase, layered structure design, and laser surface texturing. The article describes the change of friction and wear performances of SN-CMCs sintered with different additive phases. Tribological behavior of SN-CMCs with engineering designed layered structure is also analyzed from the aspects of surface coating and gradient structure. In addition, friction and wear performances of SN-CMCs under different lubrication conditions are also discussed. As an ideal processing method for hard and brittle ceramic materials, laser surface texturing has been proved to be an effective way to improve the wear resistance of SN-CMCs. Researches have shown that the better wear resistance can be obtained by combining laser surface texture with layered structure. At the end of paper, studies on friction and wear performances of SN-CMCs are summarized and prospected.     

泡沫相塔壁对泡沫分离牛血清蛋白分离性能的影响

In order to enhance foam drainage, the column with an inner sleeve in the foam phase was designed for studying effect of the column wall of foam phase on foam separation performances using bovine serum albumin(BSA) as the research system. The effects of the wall on the liquid holdup out of the top column, bubble size, enrichment and recovery percentage were investigated. The results indicated that the experimental column with the inner sleeve decreased the liquid holdup, accelerated the coarsening and coalescence of bubbles and increased enrichment of BSA compared the contrasted column without the inner sleeve. Under the conditions of the initial concentration 0.2 g?L-1 of BSA, air flow rate 400 ml?min-1, the experimental column achieved up to a 2.06 fold increase in enrichment compared to the contrasted column. The enrichment of BSA increased with the increase of inner sleeve length. Channel theoretical analysis showed that the ratio of exterior channels to interior channels increased with the increase of bubble diameter. So the experiment column obtained the better performances at the lower concentration and the lower air flow rate. The better performances obtained by experimental column showed that the drainage rate of plateau borders on wall was greater than that of plateau borders between bubbles. So the inner sleeve provided more plateau borders on wall and improved foam drainage.     

非晶态氢氧化镍复合碳纳米管电极材料的电化学性能

采用快速冷冻化学共沉淀法制备非晶态Ni(OH)2粉体,将其作为电化学活性物质复合碳纳米管合成镍电极材料,研究了其电化学性能. 结果表明,加入碳纳米管有效减少了镍电极的电荷转移电阻,增大了电极反应过程的质子扩散系数. 复合0.5%(w)碳纳米管合成的非晶态氢氧化镍电极材料在1 C充放电制度下,放电终止电压为1.0 V时,其放电比容量高达336.5 mA×h/g,放电中值电压为1.251 V,充放电循环30次,放电比容量保持率为96.74%,表现出较好的高倍率充放电性能.