一种流量预测的服务质量区分MAC退避算法

为提高流量大且流量变化急剧的中高速无线传感器网络性能, 针对竞争型MAC协议的退避算法进行研究, 基于BDQR退避算法提出了一种流量预测的服务质量区分MAC退避算法FPQoSD。该算法引入流量预测因子, 以实现流量精确预测而窗口动态适应目的; 引入优先级因子, 进行服务质量区分而满足关键数据实时性要求; 利用能耗因子来自适应信道接入概率, 均衡能耗而延长整体网络生命周期。NS2仿真结果表明, 该FPQoSD退避算法在节点高密度与高负载环境下网络性能优越, 其中吞吐量比BDQR算法提高15%, 平均时延降低25%, 平均能耗下降10%, 整体生命周期得以延长。     

CIMLD：多跳Ad Hoc网络中一种自适应的MAC退避算法

针对现有MAC退避算法无法适应多跳Ad Hoc网络的问题,本文提出一种自适应的MAC退避算法CIMLD(Conic Increase,MuItiplicative/Linear Decrease).CIMLD利用CWbasich阈值将竞争窗口分为两个区域,通过分段二次曲线计算每个区域冲突退避时的倍乘因子,从而能够快速解决节点碰撞问题和提高信道利用率.仿真结果表明,与BEB等其他算法相比,CIMLD在网络吞吐量和流间公平性上表现出了更好的网络性能.     

Ad hoc网络中动态阈值岭型函数退避算法*

无线自组织网络(Ad hoc)在MAC层中使用IEEE 802.11 DCF的接入机制来解决节点传输竞争问题,为了解决高负载环境下的网络拥塞状况问题,在退避算法中加入了动态阈值和岭型函数来降低数据传输的冲突概率并利用NS2对改进的退避算法进行网络仿真。仿真结果表明,相对于传统的退避算法,在负载较重的网络中改进后的退避算法大概能够提高网络性能20%左右,优化后网络的时延、吞吐量和公平性均得到明显改善。     

无线多跳网络中基于区分策略的退避算法

针对无线多跳网络环境,改进了IEEE 802.11 DCF的二进制指数退避算法,提出一种基于源节点和转发节点区分机制的退避算法。该算法能根据网络冲突状况,自适应地调节退避窗口,更适合多跳网络中流量分布不均的特点。仿真结果表明,该种区分退避机制能同时适应于低速和高速的网络环境,与BEB和AASC两种退避算法相比,在提高网络的吞吐量的同时,也提高了流间的公平性,表现出了更好的网络性能。     

Ad hoc网络中的自适应退避算法的研究

本文提出了一种适用于高等级节点的二进制负指数退避算法BNEB,验证了竞争窗口平均值较小的节点信道竞争能力较强的结论,并根据此结论,针对多跳Ad hoc网络中由于MAC层竞争导致的拥塞问题提出了两种具有拥塞控制功能的退避算法RBAB和CABEB,在节点发生拥塞时调整其分组进入速率和转发速率,能够提高网络的端到端吞吐量并有效缓解网络拥塞。     

无线传感器网络中一种自适应的退避算法

802.15.4协议中CSMA/CA信道接入方式为了避免再次碰撞使用BEB退避算法,在重负载的情况下网络性能较差。提出一种自适应的退避算法,它用报文的冲突概率来预测节点附近信道的争用状况,在不同的网络状况下,竞争窗口的取值采用相应的退避策略,动态地控制节点的退避范围,以达到改善网络性能的目的。分析与仿真结果表明,新的算法与传统的退避算法BEB算法相比,在网络负载重的情况下,有效地降低了数据包的冲突概率,减少了时延,提高了网络的吞吐量,同时对信道的公平性也有所改善。     

Ad Hoc中MAC层一种基于动态预测的退避算法

提出了MAC层一种新的动态退避算法DPBA,它以报文的冲突概率来预测节点附近信道的争用状况,对不同的网络状况下竞争窗口的取值采用相应的退避策略,以达到改善网络性能的目的。分析与仿真结果表明,与传统的退避算法BEB算法相比,本算法有效地降低了数据包的碰撞概率,提高了网络的吞吐量,同时对信道的公平性也有所改善。     

IEEE 802.11p车载自组网络协议的EDCA自适应退避算法研究

IEEE 802.11p是IEEE针对车辆网络颁布的物理层与MAC层标准,网络中车辆密度是动态变化的,而IEEE 802.11p协议没有提出根据网络情况动态调整EDCA参数来优化网络性能。为了解决网络中节点密度变化带来的吞吐量低、碰撞率高的问题,提出一种EDCA自适应退避优化算法。仿真实验结果表明,该算法相对于传统EDCA算法,性能大幅度提高。     

基于功率退避的MAC协议优化算法

针对多跳稠密的移动Ad hoc网络面临的网络生存时间、无线资源利用效率以及时延要求等问题,提出一种新的功率控制MAC协议,该协议在功率退避基础上结合改进的时间退避机制,采用较灵活的竞争窗口调节方法有效地缓解冲突。仿真结果表明,该协议可以减少移动节点消耗的功率,提高节点的能量利用效率和系统的吞吐量性能。     

基于对数函数的Ad Hoe网络MAC退避算法

针对IEEE802．11MAC协议二进制退避算法存在的缺陷,引入随网络状态变化的参数,提出了一种基于对数函数的新退避算法。该算法使用以网络节点数为变量的对数函数,动态调整竞争窗口初始值和窗口退避增大幅度,降低了数据传输的冲突概率,利用OPNET软件实现对退避算法的网络仿真。仿真结果表明,基于对数函数的退避算法对提高AdHoe网络的吞吐量性能和公平性、降低网络延时有明显的效果,性能优于二进制退避算法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.