接枝共聚法合成淀粉丙烯酸吸水性树脂的研究

本文使用接枝共聚法制备马铃薯淀粉丙烯酸吸水性树脂,通过单一因素实验和正交实验对马铃薯淀粉丙烯酸吸水性树脂合成条件进行优化,通过吸水倍率确定合成淀粉丙烯酸吸水性树脂的最佳工艺条件。     

玉米芯制取高吸水树脂的研究

本文以玉米芯制取的淀粉为原料,与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备了高吸水性树脂,考察了反应温度、丙烯酸用量、单体中和度和交联剂用量、引发剂用量等因素对高吸水性树脂性能的影响。     

吸水性淀粉接枝共聚树脂的研究进展及应用

综述了淀粉接枝丙烯腈类和丙烯酸类两大系列吸水性树脂的研究进展和生产概况;介绍了自由基聚合法合成淀粉接枝共聚树脂的主要方法,并对各种生产工艺进行了评述;最后对淀粉类高吸水性树脂在农业中广阔的应用前景及发展趋势作了展望。     

淀粉制取高吸水树脂的研究

利用淀粉为原料,与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备了高吸水性树脂,考察了糊化温度、聚合反应时间、丙烯酸单体中和度等因素对接枝产物吸水性能的影响,并比较了吸自来水、蒸馏水及盐水情况。     

丙烯酸类高吸水性树脂的合成及性能研究

研究了以水为介质,丙烯酸——淀粉接枝共聚合成高吸水性树脂,讨论了交联剂用量、中和度、丙烯酸浓度、引发剂用量、淀粉用量等对树脂的吸水能力、保水能力、吸水速率、凝胶强度的影响。     

淀粉接枝共聚高吸水树脂的研究进展及应用

介绍了淀粉系高吸水性树脂的制备引发方式,阐述了利用化学引发法合成的淀粉接枝丙烯腈类、丙烯酸类和丙烯酸酯或丙烯酰胺类3个系列吸水树脂的研究进展,并且介绍了淀粉接枝共聚高吸水树脂在个人卫生、医药、农业园林等方面的应用。简要指出了高吸水树脂的研究及发展方向。     

高吸水性树脂对微肥吸持作用的研究

以淀粉接枝丙烯酸共聚工艺为基础，在共聚物主链上引入非离子基团—CONH2，确定了适宜丙烯酸／丙烯酰胺质量比。提高了高吸水性树脂耐电解质性。实验分析了微肥对树脂吸水性的影响及高吸水性树脂对各种微量元素的吸持作用。结果表明：耐电解质高吸水性树脂提高了树脂在实际使用环境中的吸水性，并对微量元素有更高的吸持作用。     

添加辣椒碱类化合物合成抗菌高吸水树脂

以过硫酸铵、亚硫酸氢钠作为引发剂，N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂，将木薯淀粉与丙烯酸、辣椒碱在水溶液中接枝共聚，合成了具有抗菌性的高吸水性树脂。文章主要考察了添加辣椒碱形式、反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量、丙烯酸中和度、交联剂用量对合成产物吸水性能的影响。     

丙烯酸类高吸水性树脂的合成及性能研究

研究了以水为介质,丙烯酸－淀粉接枝共聚合成高吸水性树脂,讨论了交联剂用量,中和度,丙烯酸浓度,引发剂用量,淀粉用量等对脂的吸水能力,保水能力,吸水速率,凝胶强度的影响。     

淀粉接枝丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺类超强吸水性树脂的合成与性能研究

以玉米淀粉,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺等为原料,经接枝聚合合成了淀粉接枝丙烯酸／丙烯酰胺类超强吸水性树脂,讨论了淀粉,引发剂,交联剂,丙烯酰胺等用量以及反应时间等因素对树脂吸水性的影响。     

淀粉接枝共聚高吸水性树脂的研究进展

分别以化学引发法和辐射引发法阐述了淀粉接枝高吸水树脂的研究进展和生产情况。介绍了化学引发接枝聚合淀粉接枝丙烯腈类树脂、淀粉接枝丙烯酸类树脂、淀粉接枝多元单体类树脂、复合型淀粉接枝脂类树脂的研究现状,对化学引发的主要影响因素进行了评述。讨论了辐射引发淀粉接枝高吸水树脂中所应用的微波辐射引发、紫外光辐射引发和γ射线辐射引发的技术优势和应用现状。指出今后淀粉类高吸水性树脂的研究应该向多元接枝共聚、制备复合型树脂和抗盐性树脂、微波固相合成、简单工艺、高效引发剂和加强理论基础研究方向发展。     

Swelling and rheology of saponified starch–g–polyacrylonitrile copolymers. Effect of starch granule pretreatment and grafted chain length

A series of well-characterized starch–g–polyacrylonitrile (PAN) graft copolymers was prepared from corn starch which had been heated in water at temperatures up to 94°C to vary the extent of starch granule swelling and disruption. Graft polymerization onto gelatinized starch gave less frequent grafting of higher molecular weight PAN than comparable graft polymerizations onto ungelatinized starch. A graft copolymer was also prepared from gelatinized starch under high dilution conditions to give lower molecular weight grafted PAN and more frequent grafting. Graft copolymers were then saponified with sodium hydroxide to convert nitrile substituents to a mixture of carboxamide and sodium carboxylate. Saponified graft copolymers were only partially water soluble and consisted largely of highly swollen, insoluble gel, which was separated from solubles for the study of physical properties. Saponification mixtures were also dried to yield highly absorbent polymer films. With the exception of the graft copolymer prepared under high dilution conditions, the physical properties of saponified graft copolymers depended on whether or not the granules of starch were gelatinized before graft polymerization. Compared with saponified graft copolymers derived from ungelatinized starch, those prepared from gelatinized starch gave films that absorbed larger amounts of aqueous fluids. Also, the gel fractions from these saponified gelatinized polymers exhibited higher water swelling, lower shear modulus, and a lower reduced viscosity function (η/cQ). The saponified graft copolymer prepared from gelatinized starch under high dilution conditions more closely resembled those prepared from ungelatinized starch, suggesting that molecular weight of grafted PAN and the grafting frequency rather than starch granule pretreatment might be the most important factor which influences properties.     

淀粉接枝共聚物制备及应用研究综述

淀粉与乙烯基单体接枝共聚是淀粉改性的重要方法。淀粉接枝共聚物具有合成与天然高分子的优良性能,如塑化成膜性、超强吸水性、絮凝性、粘合性等。它在高吸水材料、生物降解塑料、造纸工业添加剂、环境废水处理等领域有着广泛的应用。综述了淀粉接枝共聚物的制备及应用研究,并从工业化的角度对科研开发工作提出了几点建议。     

淀粉与乙烯型单体接枝共聚物的应用研究新进展

廉价易得的淀粉与乙烯型单体接枝共聚物兼具合成和天然高分子的优良性能 ,如塑化成膜性、超强吸水性、絮凝性、粘合性等 ,特别是其可生物降解性和原料的再生性 ,利于减小环境负荷及对非再生资源的依赖性。接枝共聚物的研究引起了人们的极大关注 ,开发应用日益广泛和深入。因此 ,探讨近年来其在各领域的应用研究新进展有重要意义     

淀粉基木材胶黏剂的制备与性能

以玉米淀粉为接枝骨架,过硫酸铵为引发剂,与接枝单体乙酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸丁酯进行接枝共聚反应,制取淀粉基木材胶黏剂。对得到的淀粉接枝共聚物进行了表征分析及性能研究。IR谱图表明,样品除了保持淀粉的特征吸收峰外,在1730—1740cm。之间出现了羰基特征吸收峰。X-粉末衍射图表明,样品多为弥散峰,证明淀粉接枝共聚物基本为少量结晶态与无定形态共存的结构。TG、DTA曲线证实了接枝共聚反应的发生,且淀粉接枝共聚物的热稳定性优于纯玉米淀粉。性能测试结果表明,制备的胶黏剂具有较好的高温稳定性、粘接性,各项指标已达到了国家标准HG／T2727—95中聚乙酸乙烯酯木材胶黏剂的性能指标,特别是压缩剪切干强度远远超过了国家标准。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(lactic acid) based graft copolymers

This review summarizes recent developments in the preparation and characterization of grafting of poly(lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA). PLA is the most expansively researched and utilized biodegradable, biocompatible, compostable, recyclable and renewable thermoplastic polyester. The graft copolymers of PLA have been synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR spectra and NMR data. The graft copolymers of PLA have been analyzed critically by taking different monomers/polymers; such as chitosan, cellulose, starch, polyethylene glycol, vinyl based polymers, lignin, dextran, methyl methacrylate, maleic anhydride and graphene oxide. In the first part of this review, the grafting of PLA and applications of grafted PLA has been discussed briefly. The second part, the major objective of this paper, focuses on the synthesis and characterization of different PLA based graft copolymers. For few cases, where useful properties, such as high molecular weight, narrow PDI, or stereocontrol, have been observed, a more detailed examination of the graft copolymers is provided.     

淀粉类高吸水性树脂

淀粉类高吸水性树脂包括淀粉接枝丙烯腈、淀粉接枝丙烯酸、淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺等。它可吸收自身重量几百倍到几千倍的水,保水性好。广泛用于医疗卫生、土建工程、农林等方面。     

Synthesis and characterization of starch‐graft‐polyacrylamide copolymers and their application as filtration control agents in drilling fluid

Some starch‐graft‐polyacrylamide copolymers were prepared by the polymerization of corn starch with acrylamide in aqueous medium using a complex initiation system consisting of ceric ammonium sulphate and ammonium persulphate. The copolymers were applied to water‐based drilling fluid as filtration control agents. Their grafting parameters such as percentage of grafting, grafting efficiency, and solution viscosity (η) were investigated by using elemental analyzer and rotational viscometer. The results showed that increases in initiator concentration and reaction temperature first favored and then impeded the grafting reaction. Grafting of acrylamide onto starch increased with the increase of monomer concentration. It also increased with increasing reaction time up to a certain degree and then leveled off. For the graft copolymers, a higher percentage of grafting and higher η were beneficial in decreasing the filtrate volume of water‐based drilling fluid, even under an operating environments of 147°C and saturated salinity. A possible mechanism is proposed to interpret the improvement of fluid loss properties. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

绿色改性淀粉絮凝剂的研究与应用

淀粉是一种比较理想的绿色试剂原材料。改性淀粉絮凝剂具有绿色、无毒、价廉、易于生物降解等优点。针对接枝类改性淀粉絮凝剂、离子化改性淀粉絮凝剂如淀粉醚类化合物以及淀粉黄原酸脂类等天然改性淀粉絮凝剂的研究进展及在水处理中的应用进行了综述。指出加强利用我国丰富的淀粉资源,开发出绿色、无毒、高效、价廉的改性淀粉绿色絮凝剂,以满足处理各种废水的不同需要,具有极其重要的现实意义。     

Properties of extruded starch–poly(methyl acrylate) graft copolymers prepared from spherulites formed from amylose–oleic acid inclusion complexes

Mixtures of high‐amylose corn starch and oleic acid were processed by steam jet cooking, and the dispersions were rapidly cooled to yield amylose–oleic acid inclusion complexes as micron‐ and submicron‐sized spherulites and spherulite aggregates. Dispersions of these spherulite particles were then graft polymerized with methyl acrylate, both before and after removal of uncomplexed amylopectin by water washing. For comparison, granular, uncooked high‐amylose corn starch was also graft polymerized in a similar manner. Graft copolymers with similar percentages of grafted and ungrafted poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) were obtained from these polymerizations. The graft copolymers were then processed by extrusion through a ribbon die, and the tensile properties of the extruded ribbons were determined. Although extruded ribbons with similar tensile strengths were obtained from the three starch–PMA graft copolymers, much higher values for % elongation were obtained from the spherulite‐containing systems. Also, the tensile properties were not significantly affected by removal of soluble, uncomplexed amylopectin by water washing before graft polymerization. These results are consistent with the observation that these PMA‐grafted starch particles did not melt during extrusion, and that continuous plastic ribbons were formed by fusing these particles together in the presence of small amounts of thermoplastic PMA matrix. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40381.