最优小波包基算法在爆破振动信号去噪中的应用

为比较基于Shannon熵准则的最优小波包基信号去噪算法的优越性,采用延期时间分别为22 ms、45 ms和75 ms高精度雷管进行台阶爆破试验,对监测的振动信号分别用基于小波变换去噪算法和基于Shannon熵准则的最优小波包基信号去噪算法进行对比并计算2者方法的峰值信噪比.结果表明:基于Shannon熵准则的最优小波...     

基于小波包变换的内燃机气阀漏气诊断方法

探讨了利用缸盖振动信号诊断内燃机气阀漏气的一种新方法－－小波包方法。诊断机理分析和实验研究表明,缸盖 振动信号中关于气阀漏气的特征信息集中在高频段,故选用了小波包变换作为信号处理的基本方法,因为小波包变换较之小波变换在中高频段具有更高更均匀的频率分辨率;对实测信号的分析和处理结果表明了小波包在该领域的适用性;建立了基于马氏距离法的气阀漏气多指标诊断模型;进行了实机诊断,取得了预期的效果。     

基于小波包变换的爆破振动信号能量熵特征分析

爆破振动信号是典型的短时非平稳随机信号。应用多分辨率特点的小波包变换对爆破振动信号进行多层分解,得到信号能量分布的细节信息。根据建立在概率统计基础上的信息熵概念,推导得到爆破振动信号能量熵计算方法。分析了4种类型爆破振动信号的能量熵,熵值由大到小为:隧道爆破、管道爆炸、台阶爆破、塌落振动。结果表明,能量熵能够反映不同类型爆破对振动信号的影响。提出将能量熵作为爆破振动信号的新特征量,为爆破振动信号特征提取、不同爆破类型振动信号识别和爆破振动预测提供一种新思路。     

超越离合器故障的小波包变换诊断方法研究

论述了小波包分解及其能量谱处理超越离合器故障的原理与方法，应用小波包分解及其能量谱直观地识别出故障的特征频带，并进行了量化分析，结果表明，小波包及小波包分解能量谱比传统的傅里叶分析方法具有更大的优越性及实用价值。     

基于小波包变换的汽车发动机降噪方法研究

利用小波包变换理论及小波包降噪原理,对汽车发动机含有噪信号进行小波包降噪,有效的提取其中的信号特征.通过对降噪后残差的频谱分析和统计量分析,得到噪声信号的特征频率.通过计算机仿真和实例分析对小波包降噪方法进行验证,表明小波包分析在汽车发动机降噪中有效性.     

小波变换与自助理论在模态参数辨识中的应用研究

应用小波变换及自助理论对多自由度系统进行模态参数辨识.通过对结构系统响应信号进行小波变换将其表示在时频域内,在分析了小波变换的时频分辨率特性后,利用最小Shannon熵获取最优小波参数,并运用自助理论估计出模态参数分布的置信区间范围.数值仿真表明了该方法对模态参数估计的有效性.将所提方法应用于一个振动台的模态分析,实验结果表明,提出的小波自助模态参数辨识方法降低了模态参数辨识的难度,提高了模态频率和阻尼比的辨识精度.     

基于小波包变换的模拟电路信号特征提取方法的研究

利用小波包变换,在不同分辨率小波包子空间中分析信号不明显的频率特征,提出了模拟电路故障信号特征提取的两种方法——最优小波包特征提取方法和不完全小波包特征提取方法。     

小波包变换在人脸识别光照补偿中的应用

提出了一种用于非均匀光照条件下人脸识别的光照补偿算法.该算法首先将人脸图像变换到对数域,并在对数域中计算2维小波包变换,通过舍弃部分子带图像中的系数来实现人脸图像的非均匀光照补偿.由于人脸光照补偿的目的是为了提高人脸识别性能,所以光照补偿的效果利用人脸识别率来表征.在Yale B人脸库中,与对数域离散余弦变换(DCT)光照补偿算法进行了比较,实验结果表明,本文方法的人脸识别平均误识率可以达到0.53%,比对数域DCT方法具有更好的性能.     

改进的谐波小波包变换及其在弱故障特征提取中的应用

通过引入频谱幅值修正系数改进了通常的谐波小波包变换。改进的谐波小波包变换使得信号分解前后各子带的频谱幅值保持不变,能精确提取相应子带故障调制信号的强度与频率,为机械故障诊断带来了方便。仿真实验和轴承故障诊断实例不仅表明谐波小波包具有一般正交小波包无法比拟的完美的带通滤波性能和极强的微弱特征信号提取能力,而且还表明改进的谐波小波包变换确实使得信号分解前后各子带的频谱幅值保持不变,能精确提取相应子带故障调制信号的强度与频率,有一定的工程应用价值。     

图像压缩中的小波变换

小波变换具有良好的局部特性和空间频率特性,并且具有描述非平稳图像信号的能力和适应人眼视觉特性的良好性能。嵌入式零树小波编码(EZW)算法是小波图像编码研究的一个里程碑。针对EZW不足,提出一种有效的EZW算法改进方案。     

Research on the supplier selection of a supply chain based on entropy weight and improved ELECTRE-III method

On the background of economic globalisation, market competition is no longer the competition between enterprises, but it is the competition between supply chains. Supplier selection is the basis of supply chain cooperation, and is also the key factor to improve the competitive power of a supply chain. A novel method, which combines entropy weight and an improved ELECTRE-III method, is proposed to deal with supplier selection of supply chains. The research states at home and abroad are firstly analysed, and on the foundation of the relative literature, the indicator systems are constructed and the corresponding objective weight of each indicator based on entropy is calculated. Then the threshold is confirmed and the harmoniousness index and the unharmoniousness index are calculated. Next, the outranking relation is calculated and evaluated. Last, the suppliers are ranked based on the net advantage value of each project. Finally, the case analysis proves that the process of this method is clear and the application of it is convenient.     

一种基于DOA分布信息熵加权的线谱目标检测方法

针对常规宽带能量检测方法对低信噪比线谱目标检测性能较差的不足,文章在分析目标线谱波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计分布信息熵的基础上,提出一种基于DOA分布信息熵加权的线谱目标检测方法.通过仿真对比分析了该方法的检测性能,并利用海上实验数据验证了其有效性.结果表明,当目标方位较为稳定时,该...     

Estimating and ranking the impact of human error roots on power grid maintenance group based on a combination of mathematical expectation,Shannon entropy,and TOPSIS

Due to the importance of electrical grid reliability, analysis and evaluation of human error in the maintenance of electrical networks should be also considered seriously. The root causes of these errors must be identified and prioritized to plan for human error reduction. One of the objectives of the present study is to identify and predict these roots for power transmission maintenance groups from organizational, job position, communication, individual, and supervision aspects along with the relationships between these factors. In particular, this paper demonstrates that supervisor behavior as an external factor has a significant effect on maintenance personnel error. For this reason, special attention has been paid to identifying and controlling human factors from a supervisory point of view in this study. This paper also provides a method for detecting the extent of the expected influence of these roots on each personnel, since human error has a random nature. This is done based on the law of mathematical expectation. Finally, a method is suggested to rank roots based on greater effectiveness and evaluate personnel with higher error expectations. The proposed method is a combination of intermediate methods, Shannon entropy, and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The origins of the four human errors between 2014 and 2018 related to the two experts of Fars Electricity Maintenance Contractor Company are compared by the proposed method.     

基于多尺度降维的柴油机信号信息熵增强方法

针对柴油机曲轴轴承磨损故障信号特征微弱,易被噪声湮没且不同故障程度信号较难区分的特点,提出了一种基于压缩小波和局部保持投影的柴油机信息熵增强方法。利用压缩小波对信号多尺度重构减弱噪声干扰,通过局部保持映射对多尺度信号进行降维,消除冗余信息并增强信号的冲击特性,最终以时域、频域以及时频域的三种信息熵表征信号特征。仿真和实例信号表明,该方法对故障信号特征增强明显,依据信息熵值实现了曲轴磨损状态的分类识别。     

基于可视图图谱幅值熵的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

为了准确有效地提取滚动轴承振动信号的非平稳、非线性故障特征,将复杂网络与图信号处理技术(graph signal processing,GSP)引入机械故障诊断领域,提出了基于可视图图谱幅值熵(graph spectrum amplitude entropy of visibility graph,GSAEvG)的滚动...     

近红外光谱结合神经网络判别茶鲜叶产地

为快速、无损的判别鲜叶产地,维护恩施玉露的地理标志产品属性,采集恩施市芭蕉乡、白果乡和咸丰县茶鲜叶近红外光谱,经光谱预处理后,对校正集66个样品光谱数据进行主成分分析,然后建立BP神经网络预测模型,对验证集鲜叶样品的产地进行了预测,建立了8(输入节点)-4(隐含层节点)-1(输出节点)三层网络模型,验证集样品判别准确率为100%.近红外光谱技术结合神经网络能够快速、准确地判别茶鲜叶产地.     

复相关法测频的硬件实现

复相关算法适用于多普勒频移的测量,通过选用FPGA作为硬件实现平台,可以满足实际的多普勒测频工作。根据复相关算法测频原理和硬件平台的实际特点,分别对反正切、低通滤波器和正交变换进行了优化,降低了硬件的消耗。高效的反正切函数算法通过预先存入值省去了每次反正切函数的运算,优化的FIR滤波器和正交变换器进一步节约了查找表（LUT）资源。通过仿真实验,结合数据的质量保证和控制算法,结果验证了硬件平台的可行性。     

基于广义解调时频分析的多分量信号分解方法

广义解调时频分析方法是一种新的信号处理方法，该方法将广义解凋和最大重叠离散小波包变换相结合对复杂信号进行分解，得到若干个瞬时频率和瞬时幅值都具有物理意义的单分量信号，从而获得原始信号完整的时频分布。本文在介绍广义解调时频分析方法的基础上，将该方法用于多分量信号的分析，对该方法进行了改进，给出了由改进的广义解调时频分析方法分解多分量信号的具体步骤，从而由改进后的广义解调时频分析方法不仅可以得到原始信号中各个分量的时域波形，而且还可以得到相同的时频分布。采用改进后的广义解调时频分析方法对仿真信号进行了分析，同时和其它时频分析方法进行了比较，结果表明了该方法的有效性。最后，对广义解调时频分析方法中的相位函数选择问题进行了讨论。     

基于神经网络和功率谱的水中目标信号检测方法

将功率谱和神经网络相结合，应用于高海况、低信噪比条件下，水中目标信号的特征提取中．文中首先对信号进行功率谱估计，利用目标信号功率主要集中在低频部分的特点，提取低频信号的能量作为特征，然后利用人工神经网络对目标信号进行检测．利用不同浪级情况下海洋水压场的仿真信号数据，对某型目标舰船的水压信号进行了检测计算，验证了该方法的有效性，尤其是达到了在高海况、低信噪比条件下，对目标信号检测率比较高、虚警率比较低的效果．     

Evaluation of pedestrian safety at intersections: A theoretical framework based on pedestrian-vehicle interaction patterns

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users, and pedestrian safety has become a major research focus in recent years. Regarding the quality and quantity issues with collision data, conflict analysis using surrogate safety measures has become a useful method to study pedestrian safety. However, given the inequality between pedestrians and vehicles in encounters and the multiple interactions between pedestrians and vehicles, it is insufficient to simply use the same indicator(s) or the same way to aggregate indicators for all conditions. In addition, behavioral factors cannot be neglected.To better use information extracted from trajectories for safety evaluation and pay more attention on effects of behavioral factors, this paper develops a more sophisticated framework for pedestrian conflict analysis that takes pedestrian-vehicle interactions into consideration. A concept of three interaction patterns has been proposed for the first time, namely ⿿hard interaction,⿿ ⿿no interaction,⿿ and ⿿soft-interaction.⿿ Interactions have been categorized under one of these patterns by analyzing profiles of speed and conflict indicators during the whole interactive processes. In this paper, a support vector machine (SVM) approach has been adopted to classify severity levels for a dataset including 1144 events extracted from three intersections in Shanghai, China, followed by an analysis of variable importance. The results revealed that different conflict indicators have different contributions to indicating the severity level under various interaction patterns. Therefore, it is recommended either to use specific conflict indicators or to use weighted indicator aggregation for each interaction pattern when evaluating pedestrian safety.The implementation has been carried out at the fourth crosswalk, and the results indicate that the proposed method can achieve a higher accuracy and better robustness than conventional methods. Furthermore, the method is helpful for better understanding underlying levels of safety from the behavioral perspective, which can also provide evidence for targeted traffic education on proper behaviors.