纳米晶TiO_2在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用

以P25为原料,采用水热法制得以菱形为主、直径为10～15nm、比表面积达112m2/g的纳米晶TiO2.用该纳米晶TiO2制膜,并与用P25粉制成的膜进行对比,通过扫描电子显微镜、氮气吸附装置等对两种膜进行分析和表征.结果表明:纳米晶TiO2制成的膜颗粒小、分布均匀,BET比表面积是P25膜的两倍,膜厚相同时染料吸附量是P25膜的两倍多.将纳米晶TiO2膜与P25膜用于染料敏化太阳能电池上,分析染料敏化太阳能电池的光电特性,结果表明,用纳米晶TiO2组成的染料敏化太阳能电池具有高的光电流密度和转换效率.     

染料敏化TiO2纳晶太阳能电池研究进展

介绍染料敏化纳米晶 Ti O2 太阳电池的结构及其原理 ,对影响其光电转换效率的关键因素如纳米 Ti O2 膜、敏化染料、电解质做了探讨 .同时 ,对有机太阳能电池进行讨论并提出今后的研究方向 .     

纳米二氧化钛薄膜在太阳电池中的应用

纳米TiO2具有许多优越的性能,但其禁带较宽,用染料对纳米TiO2进行敏化,拓宽其光谱响应范围,染料敏化的纳米TiO2应用于太阳电池上,具有廉价、无毒、稳定等优势。本文讨论了纳米TiO2薄膜的制备、染料敏化,及其在太阳电池中的应用。     

用背反射提高染料敏化太阳电池光吸收的研究

介绍了一种提高染料敏化太阳电池光吸收的背反射结构,以解决染料在长波范围吸光能力差的缺点。用P25纳米TiO2粉和水热法两种不同工艺制备了电池。透过光谱测试表明,两种工艺制备的电池对长波范围的光都没有充分利用,水热法制备的电池更透明。太阳模拟器测试结果表明,用银反光膜作为电池的背反射结构,增加了染料对长波范围内的光吸收,显著提高了电池的光电转换效率。P25粉工艺制备的电池效率提高了11.4%,水热法工艺制备的电池效率提高了22%。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化钛纳米晶及其在染料敏化太阳电池中的应用

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛纳米晶,采用热重-差热(TG-DSC)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段研究了保温时间对纳米晶的晶体结构和平均粒径的影响.结果表明:经430℃热处理得到的二氧化钛纳米晶主要表现为锐钛矿结构;随着保温时间从1h延长至3h,纳米晶的平均粒径从13.7nm增大到43.7nm.以所制二氧化钛纳米晶为光阳极材料组装了染料敏化太阳电池,并对其光电性能进行了研究,结果显示:粒径为25.4nm的二氧化钛纳米晶太阳电池表现出最佳的光电转化效率,其值为4.62%.     

染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极及其敏化研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池是近十几年来发展起来的新型的高效率、低成本的光电池。起负载敏化剂以及收集和传输电子作用的光阳极是关系到该电池性能的重要部件,且其敏化的效果是整个光电池光电转换效率的关键。本文介绍染料敏化纳米晶TiO2太阳能电池的基本结构和工作原理,从原理上指出了光阳极提高和改进的目标所在。综述了作为光阳极的纳米晶TiO2薄膜的分类及常用的制备方法和敏化方法。在制备技术方面,指出丝网印刷技术由于其大面积制备的可操作性,是实现未来工业化的手段,但它依然需要改进和优化;在染料敏化上,寻找低成本、高性能的敏化剂将是今后研究的重点。通过光敏化。获得具有好的光收集效率、快速的电荷传输以及优越的抑制电荷复合性能的多孔膜,将是未来染料敏化纳米晶TiO2太阳能电池光阳极研究的方向。     

TiO_2形貌对染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响

在阐述染料敏化TiO_2纳米晶太阳能电池的工作原理的基础上,对采用水热法制备出的TiO_2纳米颗粒、TiO_2微球以及TiO_2纳米杆,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品表面形貌进行表征,分析其优缺点。制备不同形貌的TiO_2光阳极,利用太阳能模拟器对的四种不同光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池进行光电性能测试。结果表明:在同等光照条件下,采用复合三层结构的光阳极制成染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池光电性能最优。     

染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极及其敏化

染料敏化太阳能电池是近十几年来发展起来的新型的高效率、低成本的光电池.起负载敏化剂以及收集和传输电子作用的光阳极是关系到该电池性能的重要部件,且其敏化的效果是整个光电池光电转换效率的关键.本文介绍染料敏化纳米晶TiO2太阳能电池的基本结构和工作原理,从原理上指出了光阳极提高和改进的目标所在.综述了作为光阳极的纳米晶TiO2薄膜的分类及常用的制备方法和敏化方法.在制备技术方面,指出丝网印刷技术由于其大面积制备的可操作性,是实现未来工业化的手段,但它依然需要改进和优化:在染料敏化上,寻找低成本、高性能的敏化剂将是今后研究的重点.通过光敏化,获得具有好的光收集效率、快速的电荷传输以及优越的抑制电荷复合性能的多孔膜,将是未来染料敏化纳米晶TiO2太阳能电池光阳极研究的方向.     

染料敏化二氧化钛纳米棒及其太阳电池的制备

以罗丹明-B为染料配制敏化剂,对二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米棒薄膜进行敏化处理后得到正电极,再加上用石墨制备的反电极,并滴加电解液,得到染料敏化纳米晶光电化学太阳能电池(NPC).实验结果表明,这种敏化方法在波长为470～750 nm的可见光范围内可以有效地提高太阳电池的吸光度和性能,电池的开路电压可达520mV.     

国内新闻

染料敏化太阳电池研究新进展 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所王蘑课题组在高性能有机染料敏化太阳电池研究方面取得重要进展,研制出一个具有高吸收系数的有机染料C217,该染料在以乙腈为电解质溶剂的器件中达到了9．8％的光电转换效率;结合无溶剂离子液体电解质,实现了光电转换效率达8．1％的长期光热稳定的染料敏化太阳电池。     

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes prepared by common pressure hydrothermal method at low temperature

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on nanocrys- talline TiO2 thin film electrodes have been widely investi- gated since they were invented by Gr?tzel et al. in 1991[1-3]. Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes are usually pre- pared by coating TiO2 colloid with organic additives on conductive glass substrates and annealing at 400-450℃ to remove organic additives and achieve good electrical contact between TiO2 particles and between TiO2 particles and conductive substrates, which…     

Preparation of porous nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode by screen-printing technique

Different paste has been used for preparing porous TiO2 thin film by screen-printing technique, the main component of it comes from commercial TiO2 P25 power. The dye-sensitized solar cell based on this TiO2 thin film without further chemical treatments exhibits high overall conversion efficiency of 5.81%―6.70%, even with low TiO2 content and thin film thickness. The experimental repeatability is nice and the properties of the films are uniform.     

Comparison between P25 and anatase-based TiO_2 quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cells

Pure anatase TiO2 films have been made via hydration of titanium isopropoxide using a sol-gel tech- nique, while mixed TiO2 films which contained both anatase and rutile TiO2 were made from commercial P25 powder. Quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated with these two kinds of mesoporous films and a comparison study was carried out. The result showed that the open-circuit photovoltages (Voc) for both kinds of cells were essentially the same, whereas the short-circuit photo- currents (Isc) of the anatase-based cells were about 33% higher than that of the P25-based cells. The highest photocurrent intensity of the anatase-based cell was 6.12 mA/cm2 and that of the P25-based cell was 4.60 mA/cm2. Under an illumination with the light intensity of 30 mW/cm2, the corresponding en- ergy conversion efficiency was measured to be 7.07% and 6.89% for anatase-based cells and P25-based cells, respectively.     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes film and its light scattering property

TiO2 nanotubes with diameters of 10 nm and lengths up to 600 nm were fabricated by directly using commercial TiO2 powders P25 as the precursors via sonication-hydrothermal combination approach. TiO2 nanotubes were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometer （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, selected area electron diffraction pattern （SAED） and transmission elec- tron microscope （TEM）. The light scattering property of film electrodes modified with TiO2 nanotubes was studied and revealed that TiO2 nanotubes can be used as the light scattering centers to increase the light absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 nanotubes film electrodes mixed with 10% small nanoparticles TiO2 had both strong light scattering property and fine mechanical characteristics, and this kind of electrodes can be used as electrodes in improving the conversion efficiencies of dye-sensitized solar cells.     

纳米太阳能电池研究进展

介绍了染料敏化 Ti O2 纳米太阳能电池的结构 (主要包括透明导电基片、纳米Ti O2 薄膜、染料敏化剂、电解液和透明对电极几个部分 )及其工作原理。同时指出了液态电解质的缺陷并提出全固态太阳能电池已成为一个重要研究方向 ,其研究中心是寻找更好的空穴传输材料 ,主要介绍了其中的 p-型半导体、导电聚合物及高分子凝胶电解质等 ,另外也介绍了 Ti O2 纳米晶膜的改进 ,并对纳米太阳能电池的研究进展及其现状进行了综述和展望。     

Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide for Solar Cells and Lithium Batteries

1 Results Nanocrystalline TiO2 (anatase) has attracted considerable interest for applications in regenerative photoelectrochemical solar cells[1]. This device is based on charge injection from photoexcited organometallic dye which is adsorbed on the TiO2 surface. A considerable enhancement of the solar cell efficiency was demonstrated on highly organized mesoporous TiO2 thin films made by supramolecular templating with amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic[2]. Titanium dioxide can electrochemically ac...     

Fabrication of a TiO2-P25/(TiO2-P25+TiO2 nanotubes) junction for dye sensitized solar cells

The dye sensitized solar cell（DSSC）, which converts solar light into electric energy, is expected to be a promising renewable energy source for today’s world. In this work, dye sensitized solar cells, one containing a single layer and one containing a double layer, were fabricated. In the double layer DSSC structure, the under-layer was TiO₂-P25 film, and the top layer consisted of a mixture of TiO₂-P25 and TiO₂ nanotubes. The results indicated that the efficiency of the DSSC with the double layer structure was a significant improvement in comparison to the DSSC consisting of only a single film layer. The addition of TiO₂-P25 in the top layer caused an improvement in the adsorption of dye molecules on the film rather than on the TiO₂ nanotubes only. The presence of the TiO₂ nanotubes together with TiO₂-P25 in the top layer revealed the enhancement in harvesting the incident light and an improvement of electron transport through the film.     

表面态对TiO_2纳米晶薄膜光电流的影响

研究 Ti O2 纳米晶薄膜电极的光电化学特性 .通过测定阳极光电流 -时间瞬态光电流响应 ,分析纳米晶薄膜 /溶液界面的光生电荷转移的动力学规律 .光照后的慢电流响应与 Ti O2纳米材料的表面态有关 .导带电子向深能级表面态的传递是造成慢电流响应的原因 .