不同工艺条件下污泥培养及其性能研究

用A2/O工艺,研究活性污泥接种培养工艺对活性污泥性能及污染物去除效果的影响。结果表明,在培养阶段,间歇式和连续式的MLSS、MLVSS分别为5 400,2 850,3 580,2 100 mg/L;运行阶段,污泥对COD、TN和TP的去除率分别为91.2%,87%,92%和89.5%,83%,72%,连续式优于间歇式。采用先间歇后连续方式培养污泥,能获得高活性污泥,缩短培养时间,有利于A2/O工艺启动和运行。     

不同工艺条件下污泥培养及其性能研究

用A2/O工艺,研究活性污泥接种培养工艺对活性污泥性能及污染物去除效果的影响。结果表明,在培养阶段,间歇式和连续式的MLSS、MLVSS分别为5 400,2 850,3 580,2 100 mg/L;运行阶段,污泥对COD、TN和TP的去除率分别为91.2%,87%,92%和89.5%,83%,72%,连续式优于间歇式。采用先间歇后连续方式培养污泥,能获得高活性污泥,缩短培养时间,有利于A2/O工艺启动和运行。     

间歇式吸附与连续式脱附耦合亲和层析法研究

用间歇式吸附和连续式脱附耦合的亲和层析法分离纯化了溶菌酶。采用Langmuir Freundlich方程描述等温吸附线 ,通过间歇式吸附实验结果得到了该方程的相关参数以及蛋白质在吸附剂孔内的扩散系数。以蛋白质回收率和吸附剂利用率为基准比较了间歇式吸附和连续式吸附在操作时间上的差异。结果表明在蛋白质回收率和吸附剂利用率完全相等的情况下 ,间歇式吸附所用时间远小于连续式吸附时间。     

采用序列间歇式活性污泥法反应器实施短程硝化工艺

采用序列间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)反应器进行了短程硝化的氨氮降解工艺研究,探讨了在不同进水氨氮浓度、污泥负荷等因素对氨氮降解的影响。研究结果表明:采用序列间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)处理含氨氮1 000mg/L左右的废水,通过间歇曝气的运行方式,在(25±1)℃,pH值7.5~8.5,溶解氧(DO)0.5mg/L的条件下,可以成功实现短程硝化生物脱氮工艺,亚硝化率可达到98%以上。在生化反应临近结束时,溶解氧浓度跃周期内溶解氧的突跃2.0mg/L,可以作为判断反应结束与否的一个参数。     

医院放射性废水衰变池的改进设计

现代医院含有放射性同位素的废水处理通常都是采用衰变法,衰变池有连续式和间歇式,最常用的是连续式.通过比较分析连续式和间歇式衰变池的优缺点,提出了一种带缓冲池的连续式衰变池,使其功能得到改进,增加了使用中的可靠性,有利于避免或减少放射性污染事故的发生.     

聚酯连续式与间歇式固相缩聚的比较

生产涤纶工业丝需采用高粘度聚酯,其生产方法有熔体增粘、连续式固相缩聚、间歇式固相缩聚,这三种方法国外生产厂家都在使用。本文根据我厂工业丝的生产经验,结合国外公司技术交流及出国考察等资料,对聚酯连续式和间歇式固相缩聚进行了多方面的详细比较。     

普通真空干燥设备综述

主要按间歇式和连续式的工作方式介绍了普通的真空干燥设备的分类及设备特点;讨论了国内真空设备的现状及发展趋势。     

氯乙酸的间歇式与连续化生产工艺比较

比较了国内氯乙酸间歇式生产工艺和国外连续式生产工艺,提出了宜采用连续式生产工艺的建议。     

水泥厂生料均化工艺设计(续)

(二)空气搅拌均化空气搅拌均化有两种方式:一种为间歇式空气搅拌,另一种为连续式空气搅拌。1.间歇式空气搅拌出磨生料入库装到适宜高度后,即进行充气搅拌、取样化验、校正、再搅拌,直到生料成分合格出库。这种用几个库轮换进行空气搅拌以均化生料的方式,称为间歇式空气搅拌。间歇式空气搅拌的优点是调配操作比较灵活;均化效果较好,H 值可达10左右;基建投资较少。规模在5万吨以上的立窑水泥厂适于     

旋转式注射成型机混合系统的研究与试验

介绍了用层流剪切混合理论研究设计的新型反应注射成型机的混合系统－－旋转注射反应注射成型机混合系统（间歇式）的混合原理和特点。着重论述了在间歇式旋转注射成型机混合系统的研究基础上进行的连续式旋转注射反应注射成型机混合系统的研究与设计,和连续式旋转注射反应注射成型机混合系统进行的一些初步试验情况。     

序批式移动床生物膜反应器脱氮除磷影响因素及特性

考察了曝气量、进水C/N比（COD/TN）及进水氮、磷浓度对序批式移动床生物膜反应器（SBMBBR）脱氮除磷效果的影响,分析了该复合生物系统的污染物去除特性。实验结果表明,反应器脱氮主要是基于好氧段发生的同时硝化反硝化（SND）作用实现的,而除磷是基于常规生物除磷和反硝化除磷过程而完成;在保持载体良好流化状态的前提下,反应器硝化效果和TP去除受曝气量变化影响不大,反硝化效果随曝气量的减小而改善;采用厌氧/好氧序批式运行方式,能够使进水中的有机物被反硝化聚磷菌优先利用,实现一碳两用,节省了脱氮对外部碳源的需要,在进水C/N为2.8～4.0时能获得良好的硝化、反硝化和TP去除效果;随着进水氮、磷浓度的提高,反应器除磷效果相对稳定,脱氮效果变差,最大氮、磷去除负荷分别达到0.17 kg TN·m^-3·d^-1和0.06 kg TP·m^-3·d^-1。     

限制曝气实现常温条件下生活污水短程硝化

The objective of this paper was to examine the feasibility of partial nitrification from raw domestic wastewater at ambient temperature by aeration control only. Airflow rate was selected as the sole operational parameter. A 14L sequencing batch reactor was operated at 23℃ for 8 months, with an input of domestic wastewater. There was a prolgrammed decrease of the airflow rate to 28L·h^-1, the corresponding average dissolved oxygen （DO） was 0.32mg·h^-1, and the average nitrite accumulation rate increased to 92.4% in 3 weeks. Subsequently, further increase in the airflow rate to 48L·h^-1 did not destroy the partial nitrification to nitrite, with average DO of 0.60mg·h^-1 and nitrite accumulating rate of 95.6%. The results showed that limited airflow rate to cause oxygen deficiency in the reactor would eventually induce only nitrification to nitrite and not further to nitrate and that this system showed relatively stability at higher airflow rate independent of pH and temperature. About 50% of influent total nitrogen was eliminated coupling with partial nitrification, taking the advantage of low DO during the reaction.     

常温下SBBR反应器中短程同步硝化反硝化的实现

采用自主设计的序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)处理城市污水,在常温(25～27℃),pH值7.2～7.6条件下,通过恒定低曝气量实现了稳定的短程同步硝化反硝化。试验还考察了碳氮比对SBBR系统短程同步硝化反硝化的影响。结果表明:在SBBR中处理城市污水实现短程同步硝化反硝化较为适合的碳氮质量比在5～8之间,亚硝酸盐氮积累率在85%以上,TN去除率可以达到80%以上。     

不同操作模式对移动床生物膜反应器脱氮除磷效果的影响

考察了连续进出水方式(CMBBR)、单级好氧序批式［SBMBBR(O)］和厌氧/好氧序批式［SBMBBR(A/O)］3种操作模式下移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)对模拟污水的处理效果。实验结果表明,3种操作模式下COD去除差异不大,TN、TP去除效果不同。SBMBBR(O)相似文献   

Operational strategy for a partial nitritation–sequencing batch reactor treating urban landfill leachate to achieve a stable influent for an anammox reactor

BACKGROUND: In recent years, new technologies have been developed to deal with streams with high nitrogen loads, most of them based on the anammox process. As a first step in this process, ammonium has to be partially oxidized to nitrite. This partial nitritation is usually carried out through the SHARON process. However, it can also be achieved using other configurations (sequencing batch reactor or biofilm airlift, among others). The aim of this paper is to compare two different feeding strategies (fed‐batch and step‐feed) for the operation of a partial nitritation–sequencing batch reactor (PN‐SBR) treating raw urban landfill leachate. RESULTS: A PN‐SBR treating urban landfill leachate was started up and operated using two different feeding strategies: fed‐batch and step‐feed. When the experimental results were compared, it could be seen that during the step‐feed strategy the system was more stable and presented a better performance. In addition, a cycle profile evolution of the reactor in each strategy was carried out to study the dynamics of the main chemical compounds, as well as different physical parameters. The profiles were similar for the nitrogen compounds, but with a difference in behaviour of pH, inorganic carbon and oxygen uptake ratio, which could explain the better performance and stability of the step‐feed strategy. CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated that the step‐feed strategy is more suitable than the fed‐batch because it performs better overall, there is less fluctuation in its operation and it has higher effluent quality stabilization. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

复合SBR系统中同步硝化反硝化现象及其脱氮效果

研究了复合SBR系统对有机物和氮的去除过程及其效果。结果表明:在有氧条件下,存在着反硝化现象,即同步硝化反硝化作用。在试验条件下,当溶解氧为3～5mg/L时,总氮去除率可达80%,同时CODCr的去除率达95%。     

连续流与序批式组合运行启动高性能CANON反应器

在完全混合流反应器中接种亚硝化颗粒污泥,通过分阶段使用连续流和序批式运行方式,成功启动了全自养生物脱氮（CANON）工艺,并对反应器性能、污泥形态与活性、微生物菌群结构的变化规律进行了深入分析。结果表明,基于初始连续流运行获得的良好基质比,序批式阶段的高氨氮负荷和高溶解氧条件可有效促进污泥浓度与活性的增长,使得反应器在最终连续流状态下的总氮去除负荷达到了1.75 kg·（m³·d）^-1。运行期间,颗粒污泥的密实度和沉降性能均得到改善。由Miseq高通量测序的结果可知,CANON颗粒污泥具有相对较高的微生物多样性。对应于总氮比去除速率0.24 g·（g VSS·d）^-1,Nitrosomonas（好氧氨氧化菌）与Candidatus Kuenenia（厌氧氨氧化菌）丰度比值约为3：1。少量贫营养型亚硝酸盐氧化菌对CANON工艺没有显著影响。     

N2O‐Vermeidung bei der Behandlung hoch stickstoffreicher Abwässer

In comparison to a single‐stage deammonification system, large differences of N₂O emissions in double stage treatment with nitrification have been documented. Experiences are presented from pilot‐scale nitrification plants employing continuous feeding and clarification as well as sequencing‐batch reactor systems. During treatment of digestion centrate with high NH₄‐N concentrations, nitrous oxide gas was identified in reactors and exhaust gases. With similar NH₄ reduction, the results revealed an order of a magnitude lower N₂O emissions during wastewater treatment in a single‐stage deammonification system.     

碳源利用方式对好氧颗粒污泥同步硝化反硝化的影响

研究了好氧颗粒污泥利用外源碳源和胞内储存物质对同步硝化反硝化(SND)的影响.当序批式反应器(SBR)运行方式不同时好氧颗粒污泥对进水碳源的利用方式不同.在一定m(COD):m(N)下,以外源基质为碳源的缺氧反硝化速率为胞内储存物质的4.5～5.5倍;当m(COD):m(N)相同时,利用胞内储存物质的SND效率明显高于外源基质.外源碳源的大量存在使得硝化反应相对滞后,好氧中后期尽管硝态氮充足,但反硝化所需的碳源往往不足:而胞内储存物质的慢速降解特性使得硝化与反硝化过程能够同步进行,从而实现了较高效率的同步硝化反硝化.