HBV基因型与干扰素抗病毒疗效的关系

目的:探讨HBV不同基因型对α-干扰素抗病毒疗效的影响.方法:选取应用α-干扰素进行抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者作为研究对象,观察其抗病毒疗效.患者的HBV基因型采用PCR微板核酸杂交-ELISA方法检测;血清HBV DNA复制水平采用荧光定量PCR检测;HBV前C区和BCP(基础核心启动子)区基因位点变异采用HBV基因多态性芯片进行检测.结果:94例慢性乙型肝炎患者的HBV基因型以C型、B型为主,未发现A、E、F基因型.HBV DNA高复制水平明显与C基因型及混合基因型有关.B基因型对α-干扰素抗病毒治疗的应答明显优于C、D型,而混合基因型对α-干扰素的应答最不敏感.仅B基因型对α-干扰素治疗产生完全应答.部分应答及无应答时HBeAg的转阴与HBV前C区nt 1 896位点变异、以及BCP区nt 1 762、nt 1 764双位点变异有关.C基因型HBV前C区及BCP区基因变异发生率明显高于B型.结论:HBV基因型与HBV DNA复制水平、HBV基因变异以及α-干扰素抗病毒疗效均有一定的相关性,提示HBV基因分型有重要的临床意义.     

秦皇岛市136例慢性乙型肝炎患者拉米夫定的疗效及其与HBV基因型的关系

目的:探讨秦皇岛市慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者拉米夫定治疗疗效与基因型的关系。方法:136例CHB患者口服拉米夫定,100mg/次,1次/d,疗程48周,用药前采用PCR方法测定乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)A～D基因型。结果:秦皇岛市CHB患者基因型以C型为主,占75.74%,其次为B基因型占16.91%,B/C混合型占7.35%,B基因型在拉米夫定抗病毒治疗48周时显示HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率、ALT复常率、治疗有效率4方面均高于C型及B/C基因型(P0.05),B基因型HBV感染者有较低的YMDD变异发生率。结论:拉米夫定抗病毒疗效与基因型有关,HBV基因型测定可作为预测拉米夫定抗病毒疗效的指标。     

HBV基因型与替比夫定疗效的关系

慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）的治疗关键为抗病毒治疗,替比夫定是目前治疗CHB的一线用药。HBV基因型与CHB的疾病进展、抗病毒治疗的应答、病毒变异等具有密切关系[1-6]。关于替比夫定抗病毒疗效与HBV基因型之间的关系目前鲜有报道，为了探讨HBV基因型和替比夫定疗效之间的关系，     

乙型肝炎病毒基因型检测及其临床应用

目的:探讨HBV基因型的检测及其在临床上的应用.方法:用微板核酸分子杂交-ELISA方法检测468例HBV DNA阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBV基因型.分析HBV基因型与病毒复制、基本C基因启动子(BCP)变异、肝病病情轻重、干扰素疗效的关系.结果:深圳地区HBV基因型以B和C基因型为主,分别占25.0%和64.9%;C基因型的HBeAg阳性率(68.8%)高于B基因型的HBeAg阳性率(35.0%)(P＜0.01);C基因型的血清HBV DNA水平也明显高于B基因型(1g 6.74 copies/ml vs. 1g 5.44 copies/ml, P＜0.01);轻中度慢性肝炎以B基因型为主,而重度慢性肝炎以C基因型为主;B基因型对干扰素的有效应答率为47.2%,C基因型的有效应答率为28.9%,两组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论:HBV基因分型有助于临床判断病情、估计预后及抗病毒治疗疗效预测.     

乙型肝炎病毒基因型对拉米夫定抗病毒疗效的影响

HBV现已鉴定出A～H 8种基因型[1],其分布有较明显的地域性[2].HBV基因型与抗病毒疗效密切相关[3-4],但是HBV基因型与抗病毒疗效的确切关系需要大样本、多中心、不同地域独立人群的验证.     

白细胞介素28B基因多态性与慢性HBV、HCV感染的相关性

HBV、HCV感染具有慢性化的流行特点。白细胞介素(IL)28B基因多态性与HBV、HCV感染慢性化及干扰素(IFN)抗病毒疗效具有相关性。简述了IL-28B生物学功能及特点,述评了IL-28B基因多态性与HCV感染的相关性,并归纳了目前发现的IL-28B基因多态性与HBV感染的相关性的众多研究报道。分析表明,IL-28B基因多态性与丙型肝炎病程转归及IFN抗病毒疗效的相关性研究报道较为一致;而IL-28B基因多态性与乙型肝炎病程转归,HBV感染后肝硬化、肝癌及IFN抗病毒疗效的相关性研究,各方学者均有不同的见解,尚需进一步的研究。     

白细胞介素28B基因多态性在慢性HBV感染及其治疗中的作用

影响HBV感染/清除及抗病毒疗效的因素极为复杂,如宿主、病毒、环境等。近年来研究证明白细胞介素(IL)28B基因多态性与HCV清除及抗病毒治疗高度相关,国内外许多学者开始关注IL-28B基因变异在慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)中的作用,其中rs12979860、rs12980275、rs8099917 3个位点成为研究热点。总结了IL-28B基因多态性在HBV感染/清除及CHB患者干扰素治疗中的作用,虽然尚无定论,但目前认为IL-28B基因多态性可能在CHB领域中具有重要的潜在临床价值。     

恩替卡韦治疗104例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者96周的疗效观察

目的 观察恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床疗效.方法 随机选择就诊于长春市中日联谊医院消化内科未经过抗病毒治疗的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者104例,给予恩替卡韦0.5 mg,每日1次口服,连续口服96周时总结临床疗效.观察患者治疗前、后血清HBV DNA水平、肝功能及HBV标志物,其中37例患者治疗前及治疗96周后行肝组织学检查.率的比较采用χ~2检验,相关性分析采用Pearson相关系数.结果 恩替卡韦治疗4周时,HBV DNA水平平均下降3.1 log_(10),至96周时平均下降幅度达到5.1 log_(10),HBV DNA不可测率达到98.1%,ALT复常率达到80.7%;72例HBeAg阳性患者96周时HBeAg/抗-Hbe血清转换率为13.9%.104例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者中,C基因型HBV感染者64例,占61.5%,B基因型28例,占26.9%.不同基因型HBV感染者患者接受恩替卡韦治疗后的HBV DNA不可测率、ALT复常率以及HBeAg血清转换率差异无统计学意义.Child-Pugh C级2例(2/21,9.5%),Child-Pugh B级1例(1/52,1.9%)出现疾病进展,Child-Pugh A级患者31例,未出现疾病进展.37例行肝组织学检查的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者治疗96周时,肝组织学改善者Child-Pugh A级17例(17/21,81.0%),B级6例(6/9,66.7%),C级3例(3/7,42.9%).治疗前HBV DNA水平越高,Knodell HAI评分越高,r=0.80.抗病毒治疗96周后血清HBV DNA下降水平与Knodell HAI评分下降水平仍呈正相关,r=0.93.结论 恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者疗效显著,可延缓及阻止肝硬化患者的疾病进展.     

不同乙型肝炎病毒基因型感染与阿德福韦酯疗效的相关性

目的探讨HBV基因型对阿德福韦酯的抗病毒治疗效果的影响及HBV耐药变异情况。方法对应用阿德福韦酯初治的336例慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)患者治疗前行HBV基因分型检测;治疗48周和96周分别对临床疗效及HBV耐药变异率进行比较。结果治疗48周B基因型HBV感染者(B基因型)血清HBV-DNA均值较基线下降幅度及血清HBV-DNA转阴(血清HBV-DNA<1×103copies/mL)率优于C基因型HBV感染者(C基因型),P<0.05;B基因型与C基因型者血清ALT复常率及血清学应答(血清HBeAg转阴或血清HBeAg/抗-HBe转换)率比较无统计学意义。血清HBV-DNA阴性者继续阿德福韦酯单药治疗至96周,B基因型与C基因型者血清学应答率和HBV耐药变异率比较均无统计学意义。结论感染B基因型HBV者阿德福韦酯的治疗效果优于感染C基因型者;血清ALT复常率、血清学应答率及HBV耐药变异率与HBV基因型无明显关系。     

135例慢性HBV感染者阿德福韦酯抗病毒疗效与基因型的关系

目的探讨秦皇岛地区慢性乙型肝炎患者阿德福韦酯抗病毒疗效与基因型的关系。方法慢性HBV感染者135例予以阿德福韦酯10 mg/d口服,疗程48周,用药前采用A-D基因型乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）全长逆转录酶区（PCR）方法测定基因型,用药中检测HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率、ALT复常率、治疗有效率。结果秦皇岛地区慢性乙型肝炎患者基因型以C型为主占75.56%,其次为B型占17.78%,B/C混合型占6.67%。在阿德福韦酯治疗中,B、C、B/C混合型在HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率、ALT复常率、治疗有效率方面均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论慢性HBV感染者阿德福韦酯抗病毒疗效与基因型无关。     

Therapeutic implications of hepatitis B virus genotypes.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health problem. In addition to the implementation of universal hepatitis B vaccination, effective and individualized treatment of chronic hepatitis B to prevent progression into end-stage liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma is still needed. HBV has been designated eight genotypes (A-H) based on genome sequence divergence. The epidemiology of HBV genotypes and their implications on the responses to antiviral therapy have become increasingly recognized in both Asian and Western countries. METHODS: Published data are thus reviewed. Results: Each genotype has its distinct geographical and ethnic distribution. Genotypes A and D occur frequently in Africa, Europe, and India, while genotypes B and C are prevalent in Asia. Genotype E is restricted to West Africa, and genotype F is found in Central and South America. The distribution of genotypes G and H is less clear. Accumulating evidence indicates a better sustained response to conventional interferon in patients with genotype B than those with C, and in patients with genotype A than those with D. In contrast, conflicting results exist regarding the response to pegylated interferon. On the other hand, the therapeutic responses to nucleoside/nucleotide analogues are comparable among patients with different HBV genotypes. The impact of HBV subgenotypes, mixed genotype infections, and recombinants of different genotypes on the response to antiviral treatments awaits further examinations. CONCLUSION: Remarkable clinical and pathogenic differences do exist among HBV genotypes; however, researches on molecular and virologic mechanisms underlying the clinical phenotypes of different HBV genotypes are urgently needed.     

慢性乙型肝炎拉米夫定耐药患者HBV基因型及ALT变化的观察

观察慢性乙型肝炎患者用拉米夫定治疗后HBVP基因变异与不同HBV基因型感染及HBV DNA复升水平和转氨酶变化.收集51例慢性乙型肝炎患者用拉米夫定治疗52-78周后发生YMDD变异的血清标本,对照组128例未用拉米夫定治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者血清标本,应用聚合酶链反应方法,测定HBV DNA基因型;用限制性片段长度多态性分析方法(PCR RELP)测定HBV DNA YMDD变异;同时进行HBV DNA定量分析.结果显示51例拉米夫定治疗后HBV DNA基因变异患者以B型和C型为主,分别为10例(19.6%)和39例(76.47%),B C混和型2例(3.92%),未见其它基因型.拉米夫定治疗引起HBVDNAYMDD变异可以发生在不同HBV基因型感染的慢性乙型肝炎患者中,与对照组比较二者没有显著性差异.     

YMDD mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B untreated with antiviral medicines

AIM: To polymerase P region (YMDD) mutations of hepatitis B virus gene (HBV DNA) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) untreated with antiviral medicines and to explore its correlation with pre-c-zone mutations, HBV genotypes and HBV DNA level, and to observe its curative effect. METHODS: A total of 104 cases (38 cases in group of familial aggregation and 66 cases in group of non-familial aggregation) were randomly chosen from 226 patients with CHB who did not receive the treatment of lamivudine (LAM) and any other antivirus drugs within the last one year. Their serum YMDD mutations were detected by microcosmic nucleic acid and cross-nucleic acid quantitative determination, HBV genotypes by PCR-microcosmic nucleic acid crossELISA, HBV DNA quantitative determination and fluorescence ration PCR analysis, hepatitis B virus markers (HBVM) by ELISA. LAM was taken by 10 patients with YMDD mutations and its curative effect was observed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight cases (26.9%) had YMDD mutations, of them 11 cases (28.9%) were in familial aggregation group (38 cases) and 17 cases (25.8%) in nonfamilial aggregation group (66 cases) with no significant difference between the two groups. Twenty-seven point one percent (16/59) cases were positive for HBeAg YMDD mutations, and 26.7% (12/45) cases were negative for HBeAg and positive for anti-HBe. There was also no significant difference between the two groups. Different YMDD incidence rate existed in different HBV genotypes. HBV DNA level did not have a positive correlation with the incidence of YMDD mutations. LAM was effective for all patients with mutations. CONCLUSION: Wild mutant strains in HBV and their incidence rate have no significant difference between familial aggregation and non-familial aggregation. It may have no significant relationship between YMDD mutations and pre-c-zone mutations. HBV DNA level may not have a positive correlation with YMDD mutations. LAM is clinically effective for CHB patients with YMDD mutations.     

双环醇治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究

初步探讨双环醇治疗慢性乙型肝炎的保肝、抗病毒效果 ,并比较双环醇对不同基因型的乙肝患者的疗效。选取 33例慢性乙型肝炎患者 ,口服双环醇 2 5mg每日 3次 ,6个月。治疗前测乙型肝炎病毒基因型 ,治疗结束后分析不同基因型乙肝患者ALT、AST、HBeAg、HBVDNA变化。复常率ALT2 1例 (6 3 6 % ) ,AST15例 (4 5 5 % ) ,转阴率HBeAg :11例 (33 3% ) ,HBVDNA :9例 (2 7 3% )。B型和C型抗病毒总有效率分别是 5例 (4 1 7% )、8例 (4 0 0 % )。双环醇治疗慢性乙型肝炎有较好的保护肝细胞抑制乙肝病毒的效果。基因型B型和C型患者对双环醇疗效比较无显著差异     

乙型肝炎病毒的分子流行病学研究进展

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的分子流行病学近年来一直是HBV基础和临床研究方面的热点问题。本文总结了近20年来国内外HBV的感染流行特点,分析了HBV基因型/亚型的地域性分布特征,阐述了HBV基因型的临床意义,解析了HBV基因型对抗病毒应答效应的影响。这些HBV分子流行病学方面的研究将有助于高耐药屏障的抗乙肝病毒药物的研发,有助于HBV感染诱发的各种肝脏相关疾病的精准治疗。     

山西省HBV基因型分布特点和临床意义

目的:了解山西省常见的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因型,探讨HBV各基因型与血清HBV-DNA水平以及疾病进展的临床意义.方法:随机收集山西省HBV DNA阳性病例680例进行基因分型,并结合临床资料进行统计学分析.结果:680例HBV感染者中,有65例(9.6％)未测出基因型.在可检出基因型的615例患者中,基因型B、C、B/C分别占8.9％、82.6％、8.5％.C型、B/C型的HBV DNA载量明显高于B型(P＜0.05);各基因型与肝病的严重程度间差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论:山西省HBV基因型中以C型为优势,其次为B/C和B型.基因C型和B/C型在慢性重型肝炎中较为常见,基因C型更易发生肝硬化和肝癌.     

Hepatitis B genotypes and the response to interferon therapy

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Possible pathogenic differences among hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have been observed; however, the response to interferon therapy among HBV genotypes remains unknown. We therefore analyzed the efficacy of interferon alfa in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with different HBV genotypes. METHODS: Fifty-eight genotype B or C infected chronic hepatitis B patients who had been treated with interferon alfa-2b were retrospectively studied. The response to interferon was defined as normalization of serum aminotransferase level, loss of hepatitis B e antigen and HBV DNA 48 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS: Baseline data of both groups of patients were comparable; however, genotype C patients had a higher serum aminotransferase level and a higher frequency of core promoter mutation. The response rate was 41% and 15% in genotype B and C patients, respectively (p=0.045). In those with higher serum aminotransferase levels, the response rate was 50% and 17%, respectively (p=0.025). Additionally, younger age and genotype B infection may predict a better response to interferon alfa. CONCLUSIONS: HBV genotype C, compared to genotype B, is associated with a higher frequency of core promoter mutation, and a lower response rate to interferon alfa therapy.     

HBV基因型与HBeAg的表达关系及其临床意义

目的观察慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者HBV基因型与HBeAg表达和病情轻重的关系。方法利用型特异性引物多重PCR方法检测HBV基因型,时间分辨荧光法检测HBV DNA。结果在120例慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者中HBV基因型C型84例（70%）、B型31例（25.8%）,BC混合型5例（4.2%）,未发现A、D、E、F基因型;C型在慢性重型肝炎组最高（P〈0.05）;在C基因型中HBeAg（＋）患者较HBeAg（-）患者多见（P〈0.05）,在B基因型中,HBeAg（＋）和HBeAg（-）患者分布无明显差别。结论徐州地区HBV基因型以C型和B型多见,e抗原的表达率在C型中较高;基因型B型与C型相比,C型引起肝脏损伤重。     

799例重型肝炎患者的临床病原学与实验室分析

目的探讨乙型重型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA定量、e抗原表达与病死率的相关性,为重型肝炎临床治疗提供参考。方法统计我院2000-2004年各型重型肝炎的发病率,进一步应用荧光定量多聚酶链反应方法检测乙型重型肝炎患者血清HBV DNA,应用微粒子方法检测乙型肝炎e抗原表达情况,并分析其与病死率及抗病毒治疗的临床疗效间的关系。结果(1)重型肝炎中乙型肝炎占83．50％,慢性重型肝炎中乙型肝炎占96．77％;(2)5年间慢性乙型重型肝炎患者HBV DNA定量大于1×10,拷贝／ml组,总病死率为53．25%,小于1×105拷贝／ml组,病死率为34．50％,差异有统计学意义(P<0．01);e抗原表达对病死率无影响;(3)2004年,慢性乙型重型肝炎患者HBV DNA定量大于1×105拷贝／ml病例加用拉米夫定抗病毒治疗,病死率由2000年的54．64%下降至2004年的30．38%,差异有统计学意义(P<0．01)。结论重型肝炎以慢性乙型重型肝炎为主,病毒载量高是高病死率关键因素之一,抗病毒治疗可以降低患者的病死率。