“数字周边”总体架构与研究方向

从"数字国界"走向"数字周边"是我国周边外交提出的一项重要任务,也是地理信息服务外交的热点方向。首次提出"数字周边"的基本概念,分析讨论其数字化建模、定量化分析、可视化表达等基本技术内涵;继而从境外信息获取、周边信息分析、信息集成分析3个方面,讨论提出"数字周边"的总体技术架构,然后指出周边信息分类与建模、地理空间信息整合提取、地缘环境信息建模、动态信息服务等是亟待研究解决的关键技术问题。"数字周边"研究涉及国际关系、地理学和地理空间信息等多个学科,需要深度交叉与协同创新。     

测绘技术在边界工作中的应用

近年来我国地理信息产业飞速发展,取得了有目共睹的成绩,为我国经济社会发展发挥了重要作用。地理信息与外交工作,特别是周边外交和边界海洋工作有着非常紧密的联系。我国幅员辽阔,山河壮美,在陆上我们与14个国家接壤,是陆地边界线最长的国家之一,在海上与8个国家隔海相邻,     

面向危机管理的地理事件标注与检索

随着我国经济的快速发展,如何快速实现突发事件、自然灾害等危机事件的管理、发布与处置对政府职能人员具有重要意义。本文以要素单元为基本单位,在Google地图服务的支持下,基于ASP.NET＋C#网页开发技术、Ajax技术实现了面向危机管理的地理事件的动态标注、快速检索与实时发布。结果表明该方法有利于地理事件中带有时间标签和位置信息的要素单元的表达,提高了危机事件的应急管理水平。     

基于ArcIMS的实时水雨情监测系统开发与应用研究

ArcIMS是ESRI第二代基于Web的GIS平台,用于Internet及其环境中发布和共享空间数据,并提供丰富的GIS互操作功能。实时水雨情动态监测系统是基于WebGIS技术,利用ArcIMS加以实现的动态监测系统。该系统使遥测设备接收到的水雨情数据在WebGIS平台中电子地图相关监测点实时、动态反映,并且能够以曲线图等直观图形式表现出来,为水雨情动态监测信息共享提供了开放的信息空间,从而辅助工作人员进行正确与及时的决策。     

国界信息发布系统的设计与实现

分析公众对国界专题信息浏览的需求,设计国界信息发布系统的技术路线、体系结构以及数据流程,并且基于SuperMap地图平台、数据库技术和Web技术对国界信息发布系统进行实现,为公众浏览查询国界专题信息提供可靠的网络化平台。     

构建面向服务的汛情信息共享平台

将面向服务架构的设计原则应用到汛情信息共享平台建设中,以数字驻马店地理空间框架提供的地理信息服务数据为基础,以水利汛情信息为管理对象,借助Flex技术并结合ArcGIS Server平台,实现了汛情信息的共享与集成展示、降雨形势分析等功能,为水利部门提供了一个良好的管理规划和决策支持的Web共享平台。     

地理空间信息资源共享服务的应用

针对目前大众对地理空间信息的共享需求,结合实际情况,利用网络技术、Web GIS等技术,构建符合信息化建设要求、功能完整、方便实用的地理空间信息资源共享服务系统.该系统能够对来自各相关部门的信息数据进行统一管理维护、并向用户提供电子地图、信息图层、地图图片、目录服务等多项数据共享服务,实现管理和决策支持的网络化运行;完成与各种共享服务平台对接,为应用系统的开发提供数据来源,使整个系统在切实安全保障体系下运行。     

马来西亚砂拉越州政府地理信息共享平台建设

智慧城市建设和地理信息共享化是当前GIS应用发展的主要方向.数据是信息共享的基础,在中国,共享平台建设已相对比较成熟,而马来西亚砂拉越州,在地理信息的集成管理上仍存在较大的问题,地理信息共享度低,建立基础地理信息共享平台尤为重要.本文以地理信息采集为重点,采用ESB企业总线技术建立砂拉越州政府地理信息共享平台,定义一整套数据库建设标准、数据服务标准以及应用接口标准,以标准来规范共享平台的建设,集成测绘数据管理、道路管理等应用系统,完善数据更新体系,实现地理信息的共享和资源的合理利用.     

交通状况信息交换系统研究与实现

针对当今交通应用系统信息交换共享困难、系统建设成本高企等问题,本文提出了建设交通物联网中间件以降低智能交通应用系统建设的成本和周期。交通状况信息交换系统是物联网中间件的重要组成部分,负责大规模交通传感数据的汇聚及转发。通过消息服务系统、企业服务总线、路由规则引擎以及反向代理等技术,实现了交通状况信息交换系统,支持大规模交通状况实时信息的接入、汇聚、处理、转发以及大规模客户端的高并发访问,实现了交通状况信息高效稳定地交换共享。     

数字城市地理空间框架中市县一体化公共服务云平台的设计与实现

针对数字城市地理空间框架建设中存在县域建设缓慢、应用程度不高、运行维护困难等问题,提出了采用市县一体化建设模式,基于云环境和高性能地理计算技术,研究和设计实现市县一体化云平台。采用Hi GIS的并行化和可扩展技术,设计实现海量空间数据组织与管理、大规模空间分析与处理、大范围空间数据并行可视化与制图等GIS核心功能,构建基于高性能地理计算的数字城市地理空间框架中市县一体化公共服务云平台,为公众、政府和企业提供了高效、实时、动态的市县一体化地理信息共享交换和应用服务,为数字城市地理空间框架中市县一体化建设提供了切实可行、高效优势的解决方案。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。