Linux核心调度机制的实时改造及应用研究

针对网络多媒体系统的实时应用需求，本文对Linux2．4核心的调度机制进行了改造。通过将弱硬实时调度算法、挪用调度算法、反馈调度算法继承到Linux核心调度机制中，提高了核心的实时性能；最后通过实际应用检验了改造后的Linux系统在处理网络多媒体数据时的实时性能。     

Linux实时改造及在网络多媒体中的应用

针对网络多媒体系统的实时应用需求,对Linux2．4核心进行了改造。首先通过集成3种实时调度算法改造了Linux核心的调度模块,使其可以分类处理不同的实时任务;然后改进了中断、时钟模块,提高了核心的实时性能;最后通过实际应用检验了改造后的Linux系统在处理网络多媒体数据时的实时性能。     

Linux内核2．6进程调度分析与改进

对Linux内核2.6进行了进程调度分析,阐述了Linux内核2.6提高实时性的各方面因素.同时针对Linux内核2.6三种基本的调度策略SCHED-OTHER,SCHED-FIFO,SCHED-RR存在调度实时性不强的问题,提出了四种改进调度实时性的调度算法:静态优先级的RM调度算法,动态优先级的EDF,LSF调度算法及一种混合的调度算法.这四种方法都在不同程度上提高了Linux内核2.6的实时性能.为了让Linux更好地应用到实时系统中去,今后应当研究更切实有效的调度算法来提高Linux实时性.     

通用调度框架的改进及其在Linux中的实现

在嵌入式Linux实时系统中,要求内核对不同时问约束的任务采用不同的调度算法.但目前Linux内核采用单一的实时调度模式,不能灵活地执行多种调度算法,也就无法满足实时系统中实时任务的时间约束.引入了一种能够在Linux内核调度中执行多种调度算法的框架,即通用调度框架(GSF),并改进了其中的多算法调用机制,从而更好地在Linux内核中实现GSF.     

无线传感网中一种负载均衡的多任务调度方案

为了节约能量,往往设计无线传感器网络工作于低占空比模式,在此模式下传感器节点只在小部分工作期间保持活跃状态。如果应用场合有多个数据率要求高、时间紧的数据传输任务,低占空比工作模式可能会导致严重的传输拥塞和数据损失。为了减轻数据拥塞和损失,需要对任务进行详细的调度,以从时间和空间两方面平衡传感器节点工作负荷。对基于负载均衡的多任务调度问题进行研究,并证明该问题在一般网络拓扑结构下是NP完全问题,提出并分析两种高效的负载均衡调度算法。仿真结果表明,该算法极大地提高了绝大多数网络场景下的网络性能。     

基于ISM的动态优先级调度算法

在嵌入式Linux操作系统的实时调度算法中,EDF调度算法不能解决负载过载问题。为此,引进对系统负载有着良好表现的SLAD算法和BACKSLASH算法。基于ISM算法思路,提出一种动态优先级调度算法。该算法能根据一段时间内负载过载的情况,灵活地调度EDF算法和SLAD算法,从而提高系统在正常负载和过载情况下的调度效率。对实时任务截止期错失率DMR指标的测试结果证明了其改进效果。     

支持服务质量的Linux内核设计与实现

Linux操作系统对实时QoS支持较弱,但具有很好的实时应用前景。本文选择对Linux在内核级进行QoS扩展。利用Linux进程管理策略与机制分离的设计风格,设计了一个内核级的支持QoS的实时调度器。不需要修改应用,就能满足应用的QoS需求。选择EDF实时调度算法作为扩展目标,引入了“预留”对象这一数据结构,实现了进程间的共享QoS。该新的Linux内核能更好地支持QoS,满足了实时系统的QoS需求。     

基于 Linux的实时控制系统的调度算法研究

在实时系统中,实时调度算法是影响实时性能的关键因素。本文首先分析了当前基于Linux的内核实时支持的相关主流技术,说明了Linux在实时性支持上的现状和弱点,综合比较了各种解决方案的优缺点。以往对实时调度算法的研究着重于硬实时性的满足,本文基于具体应用的特殊性以及当前对实时调度研究的发展趋势,对共存于同一系统中的
的周期性实时任务和非周期性任务的混合调度问题做进一步的探讨,提出一种实时任务的层次调度算法,保证了带宽的利用,克服了传统混合调度算法处理器利用率受限制、系统开销较大和非周期部分响应时间长的问题。基于这些研究成果,提出了改造方案,并在Linux操作系统中予以了实现。     

嵌入式Linux实时调度算法及应用

针对Linux2.6内核在嵌入式应用中实时性不足的问题,提出了自适应实时调度算法,并应用它构建了嵌入式Linux远程图像实时监控系统.调度算法在O(1)调度性能的基础上,为实时进程增加了截止期、带宽(即利用率,执行时间与其周期的比值)等属性,设计了实时进程插入、时钟中断、实时进程接受及带宽调节等函数,实时进程的带宽、时间片可以自适应改变.实验结果表明,该算法改善了任务的中断响应时间和上下文切换时间.     

增强Linux内核实时任务调度性能的研究

分析基本Linux内核的调度策略,指出其应用于实时系统时存在的不足,提出了一种增强Linux内核调度性能的实时任务调度策略和调度算法。结合任务的关键性、截止期和执行时间三要素,该调度策略通过三运行队列代替原Linux内核的单运行队列,分别对应系统的硬实时、软实时和非实时任务,保证了硬实时任务的实时性;不同于简单的FIFO调度算法,该调度算法根据任务的最小松弛时间和重要性来确定其在当前运行队列中的优先级,仿真结果表明此算法提高了实时调度性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.