共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
生物质能利用技术研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
介绍了生物质能概念、开发利用生物质能的意义和价值以及其转化利用技术和现状。阐述了其开发前景。目前,生物质能的利用技术主要有直接燃烧法、生物化学法、热化学转化法、固体成型和生物柴油制取。我国生物质能利用的重点将是发展农林生物质发电、生物液体燃料、沼气及沼气发电、生物固体成型燃料技术四大领域。 相似文献
3.
中国生物质气化发电技术研究开发进展 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
生物质能源因其清洁、无污染的特点越来越受到人们的重视,开发新的生物质能利用技术已成为当前的一个热点,生物质气化发电是利用生物质能源的一种新技术。本文主要介绍了我国生物质气化发电技术的发展和应用状况,对生物质气化发电存在的一些问题及解决方法进行了探讨,对生物质发电的经济状况进行了分析和对生物质发电的前景进行了预测。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
生物质能源转化技术与应用(Ⅵ) ——生物质发电技术和设备 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
生物质能源是惟一的可再生、可替代化石能源转化成气态、液态和固态燃料以及其它化工原料或产品的碳资源。随着化石能源的枯竭和人类对全球性环境污染问题的关注,生物质能替代化石能源利用的研究和开发,已成为国内外众多学者研究和关注的热点。本系列讲座主要讲述以生物质能源为主要原料,通过不同的途径转化为洁净的、高品位的气体、液体或固体燃料。本讲主要介绍了国内外生物质发电的技术和设备的发展状况,及一些国家对生物质发电的规划,重点介绍了目前主要的发电技术:直燃发电、气化发电和沼气发电。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
我国生物质资源丰富,种类繁多,可直接作为燃料燃烧。随着生物质发电装机容量占比逐年增加,环境保护要求逐年提高,生物质电厂烟气排放控制更加严格。生物质锅炉初始氮氧化物排放波动大,烟气中飞灰碱金属含量高,湿度大,生物质锅炉脱硝技术面临重大挑战。本文在对比分析生物质燃料燃烧和烟气排放特点的基础上,分析了目前广泛应用的传统脱硝技术以及正在不断完善的新型脱硝技术的发展现状和各自优缺点。传统脱硝技术包括低氮燃烧技术、选择性催化还原技术和选择性非催化还原技术,新型脱硝技术包括等离子脱硝技术、臭氧氧化脱硝技术、生物质活性炭脱硫脱硝技术、ZYY干法脱硫脱硝技术、低温氧化吸收协同半干法脱硝技术、液态生物钙脱硝技术和固态高分子脱硝技术等。同时对生物质锅炉脱硝技术存在的技术问题、成本问题和运行周期等进行了讨论。 相似文献
12.
13.
Jhuma Sadhukhan Yingru Zhao Nilay Shah Nigel P Brandon 《Chemical engineering science》2010,65(6):1942-1954
Biomass gasification processes are more commonly integrated to gas turbine based combined heat and power (CHP) generation systems. However, efficiency can be greatly enhanced by the use of more advanced power generation technology such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The key objective of this work is to develop systematic site-wide process integration strategies, based on detailed process simulation in Aspen Plus, in view to improve heat recovery including waste heat, energy efficiency and cleaner operation, of biomass gasification fuel cell (BGFC) systems. The BGFC system considers integration of the exhaust gas as a source of steam and unreacted fuel from the SOFC to the steam gasifier, utilising biomass volatilised gases and tars, which is separately carried out from the combustion of the remaining char of the biomass in the presence of depleted air from the SOFC. The high grade process heat is utilised into direct heating of the process streams, e.g. heating of the syngas feed to the SOFC after cooling, condensation and ultra-cleaning with the Rectisol® process, using the hot product gas from the steam gasifier and heating of air to the SOFC using exhaust gas from the char combustor. The medium to low grade process heat is extracted into excess steam and hot water generation from the BGFC site. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of energetic and emission performances between BGFC and biomass gasification combined cycle (BGCC) systems, based on a 4th generation biomass waste resource, straws. The former integrated system provides as much as twice the power, than the latter. Furthermore, the performance of the integrated BGFC system is thoroughly analysed for a range of power generations, ~100–997 kW. Increasing power generation from a BGFC system decreases its power generation efficiency (69–63%), while increasing CHP generation efficiency (80–85%). 相似文献
14.
建立了生物质直燃、生物质耦合燃煤发电及煤电的经济及环境影响评估模型,对比了四种不同的生物质预处理技术,量化了生物质固体燃料的供应链成本,不同发电策略的度电成本,电力碳排放强度,边际减排成本,以及考虑碳交易情况下的电厂成本收益率。研究发现,生物质耦合燃煤发电较生物质直燃发电是更为低碳的生物质利用路径,且可利用电厂的规模效应,即随着规模增大度电成本降低,成本利润率上升,而直燃发电相反。与煤电相比,耦合发电的度电成本更低,且可受益于碳交易,成本利润率更高。因此,生物质耦合燃煤发电是具有经济与环境效益的煤电淘汰方案。 相似文献
15.
Lennard Lindmüller Dr. Johannes Haus Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr. h.c. Stefan Heinrich 《化学,工程师,技术》2023,95(1-2):136-142
The dynamic operation of thermal power plants becomes more and more important due to more diverse and volatile power sources. Load changes of biomass, bituminous coal and methane were conducted during six experimental runs in a chemical looping combustion pilot plant which combines power generation and CO2 capture. The resulting step responses of the hydrodynamics and gas concentrations were compared to each other to understand the transient behavior of the interconnected fluidized bed system. The influence of the fuel rate and solid circulation on the response time and intensity was assessed. 相似文献
16.
Tesfaldet Gebreegziabher Adetoyese Olajire Oyedun Ho Ting Luk Tsz Ying Gene Lam Yu Zhang Chi Wai Hui 《Chemical Engineering Research and Design》2014
Among the renewable energy sources, biomass offers some benefits due to its low cost and presumed zero-carbon emission when compared with fossil fuels. However, the moisture content of biomass is often high that lowers its heating value, reduces the combustion temperature and causes operational problems. Because of these, when burning biomass for power generation, biomass is often dried prior to the combustion. To lower the drying cost or to maximize the power output of a biomass power plant, proper heat integration in between the steam power plant and the drying process has to be considered. In this work, heat integration studies are performed to a biomass power plant that burns empty fruit bunches (EFB) as fuel. Composite curves of all studied cases are plotted to visualize the intensity and to identify opportunities of heat integration among the drying and power generation systems. A multi-stage drying process is proposed that employs steam and waste-heat from the power plant and the drying process, respectively. Results of this study show that with proper drying and heat integration, the overall efficiency of a biomass power plant can be significantly improved. 相似文献
17.
清洁能源——生物质秸秆的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了研究清洁能源——生物质秸秆的必要性,综述了生物质秸秆的研究进展,对秸秆发电、制燃料乙醇、生产沼气、热解气法制可燃气等作了详细的论述,提出了秸杆作为21世纪最具开发价值的绿色可再生能源,应加大其研究力度。 相似文献