柴油加氢装置精馏塔改造

主要介绍了河南联鑫公司汽柴蜡加氢精制装置生产中存在的塔釜柴油与蜡油无法分离的问题,通过多次对精馏塔T401的改造,达到塔釜蜡油含柴油10%左右的要求,并生产出优质的柴油和蜡油。     

掺炼催化重柴油对加氢反应特性及催化产品分布的影响

分析催化裂化柴油(LCO)加工路线及转化技术,提出催化裂化轻、重柴油分别抽出,轻柴油加氢精制后作为产品柴油;催化重柴油(HLCO)经加氢开环后,再经催化裂化反应,将部分柴油转化为汽油和液化气.通过中试实验确定了蜡油加氢原料蜡油掺炼不同比例HLCO,对蜡油加氢反应特性及产品性质的影响.工业生产运行结果表明,蜡油加氢原料掺...     

RN-32V催化剂在蜡油加氢装置的成功应用

1前言 为了优化全厂加工流程和提高汽柴油产品质量,特别是降低汽油产品的硫含量,中石化荆门分公司将原70万吨／年柴油加氢装置改造为50万吨／年蜡油加氢处理装置,加工焦化蜡油（CGO）和直馏蜡油（VGO）的混合油,以达到降低蜡油的硫含量和氮含量、为催化裂化装置生产优质原料的目的。     

焦化蜡油加氢前后的组成对催化裂化产品分布的影响

焦化蜡油中芳烃和碱性氮的含量高,如果直接作为催化原料,轻收较低。相比加氢前的蜡油,焦化蜡油在11.9MPa、温度383℃的条件下加氢后作为催化装置的原料,在提升管催化装置实验中,丙烯收率提高了6wt%,柴油收率降低了5.9wt%,重油收率降低了13wt%。     

蜡油加氢和催化裂化组合工艺的应用

广州石化210×10^4t／a蜡油加氢装置是广石化加工中东含硫原油及生产清洁燃料配套改造工程之一,该装置采用劣质蜡油加氢处理部分转化技术,对VGO、CGO、DAO进行加氢处理,从而为催化裂化装置提供优质蜡油原料。蜡油加氢和催化裂化组合工艺,为广州分公司提高含硫原油的综合加工能力,改善产品分布,降低运行成本,提高经济效益起到了重要的作用。本文着重对加氢处理装置的投产和组合工艺的运行效果进行分析。     

常减压装置减压深拔系统改造

介绍了垦利石化总厂40万t/a常减压装置减压塔及附件,减压抽真空系统改造情况,通过改造,在原料油性质相同的情况下,蜡油收率由28％左右提高到30％左右,经化验分析蜡油质量合格,这样不仅提高了常减压装置的经济效益,而且为二催化装置提供了更多的原料,效益十分显著。     

焦化装置蜡油回流泵节能改造

某炼厂焦化装置蜡油回流泵长期在低于额定流量下运行,造成很大的能量损失。通过对比叶轮切割和变频改造两种方案,最终决定改造方案为变频调速,改造后节能效果明显。     

蜡油加氢处理技术研究

炼油工业生产过程中,对蜡油加氢处理技术进行研究,不断提高炼油厂的生产规模,扩大炼油生产的效率,生产出更多合格的石油产品,满足炼油化工市场的需要。蜡油加氢处理使重质油品轻质化,应用催化裂化技术、加氢裂化技术以及焦化技术措施,使其达到炼油化工生产的标准。     

蜡油催化裂化装置的联锁控制系统改造

阐述蜡油催化主装置、3# 、4 # 气压机的联锁系统升级改造的过程 ,着重介绍新系统的特点以及软硬件的配置 ;改造后的系统投用以来 ,运行良好.     

降低蜡油加氢装置循环水消耗的分析

中国石化武汉分公司(以下简称武汉石化)180万吨/年蜡油加氢装置是武汉石化油品质量升级炼油改造二期工程四套主体装置之一,蜡油加氢装置2016年技改项目之一机组循环水使用改造,通过流程优化,将运行机组与备用机组的级间冷却用循环水、电机冷却用循环水串联使用,投用后装置循环水消耗降低18.75%,对同类型加氢装置机组循环水使用有一定借鉴意义。     

Separation of Water and Nitric Acid with Porous Hydrophobic Membrane by Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD)

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of operation parameters on the separation of nitric acid‐water mixture using air gap membrane distillation (AGMD). Porous hydrophobic PTFE membrane was used. The performance was evaluated based on the permeate flux and the nitric acid selectivity. Operating parameters such as feed solution temperature, feed concentration, flow rate, and air gap width were varied. Nitric acid selectivity was found to increase with the increase in feed solution temperature, feed concentration, flow rate, and air gap width. Permeate flux increased, when the feed temperature and the flow rate were increased. The effect of recirculation of the feed solution was also studied. With the recirculation mode, at different initial solution volumes, it was observed that the nitric acid concentration in the feed and the permeate, increased. The rate of flux decline was greater, when the initial feed solution volume was lower.     

Column sorption of divalent metals from sulfate solutions by extractant-impregnated macroporous resins

Column sorption of zinc and copper ions from single aqueous sulfate solutions using extractant-impregnated macroporous resins was experimentally studied at 298 K. The widely used di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid was selected as the extractant. The breakthrough curves were measured as a function of feed flow rate, feed pH and metal concentration in the feed solution, extractant concentration in the resin phase, and the type of resin. It was shown that feed pH and the type of resin played a rather important role in determining the shape of breakthrough curve. For a given type of resin bed, the saturated capacity was greater under the conditions of higher feed pH, higher concentrations of metal and extractant, and lower feed flow rate.     

Influence of temperature drop by phase transition on pervaporation processes in vapor phase feed

In this study, pilot pervaporation experiments of ethanol dehydration from the vapor phase feed have been carried out. The dehydration time decreased with increasing of the feed temperature and did not vary with the feed flow rate. The temperature dependence of permeation rate in vapor phase feed was larger than that in liquid phase feed. Contrary to the pilot pervaporation of liquid phase feed, the higher the feed flow rate, the larger the temperature drop is. The variation of temperature drop with permeate flux in vapor phase feed is larger than that in liquid phase owing to the heat loss of the membrane module itself.     

椎间融合器金属粉末注塑成型工艺参数实验研究

通过密炼机混炼出不同比例金属粉末与粘结剂的金属喂料,对不同配比的金属喂料进行喂料流动性能对比实验,得到最佳注塑成型实验所用的最佳喂料配方,不锈钢粉末占不锈钢喂料质量分数为92.6%时,不锈钢喂料综合性能较好;利用所确定的喂料配方和已加工好的椎间融合器模具在阿博格精密注塑机上进行性能测试,分别控制注塑喂料温度、模具温度、注射压力进行椎间融合器的注射,并对注射结果进行重量测量及注射时间记录,分析出此种配方最适合的注射工艺条件。结果表明：最佳注射工艺参数为：模具温度：50℃;注射压力：70MPa;喂料温度180℃,且用注塑机控制四段加热区间：180/175/170/165℃。     

Isoelectric precipitation of sunflower protein in a tubular precipitator

Isoelectric precipitation of sunflower protein was carried out in a 10-m long, 6-mm internal diameter glass tubular precipitator. The effects of feed flow rate, protein concentration in the feed stream, and volumetric feed ratio of precipitant (HCl aqueous solution) to protein solution on solid protein recovery and particle size distribution were studied. The dispersion range of the tubular precipitator was modelled to predict the experimental results. Calculated initial growth rates of protein particles were found to: increase with increases in feed flow rate and protein concentration in the feed stream, and decrease with increases in volumetric feed ratio.     

Effect of Recycling of Feed Solution on the Efficiency of Supported Liquid Membrane Module

Abstract

The effect of recycling of a feed solution from the outlet to the inlet of the feed channel of a plate-and-frame type supported liquid membrane module on the recovery of zinc was investigated under the condition that the feed side mass transfer resistance is predominant. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid was used as the carrier. It was found that at a given feed flow rate, recycling of the feed solution is effective for improving the recovery of zinc since recycling brings about an increase of the flow rate in the feed channel and also the mass transfer coefficient in the feed side. The experimental data could be satisfactorily simulated by a proposed theoretical model.     

1.7Mt/a馏分油加氢装置反应系统改造

介绍了中海油舟山石化1.7 Mt/a馏分油加氢装置采用加氢裂化-加氢精制平行进料工艺技术(FHC-FHF)的运转情况。加工原料为高氮低硫焦化馏分油,由于原料性质有变化,生产初期加工量不足,通过优化原料、更换催化剂级配及反应系统改造,在第三周期生产负荷达到了设计要求,且反应温度大幅降低,产品质量明显好转,装置运行周期延长。     

进料性质对立式隔板塔操作特性的影响

以正戊烷、正己烷和正庚烷为分离物系,在简捷计算结果的基础上,利用商业模拟软件HYSYS研究了进料热状态、进料组成和相对挥发度等进料性质对立式隔板塔操作的影响。结果表明,进料热状态对于立式隔板塔的操作稳定性和优化操作区的影响较大;进料中轻组分的含量增加不利于立式隔板塔的稳定操作。不同分离难度的物系采用立式隔板塔时的节能效果和操作特性有较大不同,分离难度越大,立式隔板塔的节能效果越明显,但优化操作区间则越窄,且操作稳定性较差。     

一种新型高效节能双效精馏流程的开发与研究

由于常见的平流双效精馏、顺流双效精馏、逆流双效精馏在进料温度小于泡点温度时,节能效果显著,在进料温度高于泡点温度时,节能效果不是很理想。因此针对泡点以上气体进料,在双效精馏基础上进行改进,开发了新型节能流程——气相进浓缩塔双效精馏流程,包括三种不同流程,以乙醇-水为实验物系,通过模拟计算,考察进料组成和进料温度对其节能率的影响。验证结果表明,其节能率最高达54%,最低也在15%以上,已满足了工业节能的需要。     

Experimental Investigation of Droplet Entrainment in the Feed Section of Distillation Columns

Droplet entrainment was investigated in the feed section of distillation columns for multiple feed inlet devices under different flow conditions. Entrainments from two-phase flow regimes were measured in the feed section of a column with an air and water system. A new feed inlet device named demister flash box was developed. Measurements with two-phase flow regime in the feed pipe indicated that the demister flash box had the lowest entrainment. Experiments with a surfactant in water due to low surface tension demonstrated that the entrainment was higher compared to water. In addition, entrainment determinations with high droplet flow rate from a spray nozzle in feed were conducted. The results indicated that the V baffle had the lowest entrainment.