微波还原-磨矿磁选对鲕状赤铁矿提铁脱磷的影响

采用微波加热还原-磨选技术研究鲕状赤铁矿的提铁脱磷条件,且探索最佳磨选条件。在原矿粒度小于0.18 mm占90%、配碳系数1.0、碱度系数0.8、脱磷剂用量15%(质量分数)的条件下,采用微波加热在950℃下还原30 min获得金属化球团,对金属化球团进行破碎、研磨,考察磨矿粒度、磁选强度对铁粉铁品位、回收率、P含量、脱磷率的影响规律,并对还原样品、磁选后的铁粉和非磁性渣进行了扫描电镜、能谱和X射线衍射分析。研究结果表明,金属化球团在研磨粒度小于0.045 mm占62.90%、磁选强度65 mT条件下,可获得铁粉铁品位87.69%、回收率77.86%、P质量分数0.30%、脱磷率86.37%。     

鲕状赤铁矿微波加热还原提铁脱磷机制

采用微波加热还原鲕状赤铁矿内配碳球团,考察了还原温度、碱度及添加剂用量对球团含磷组元迁移的影响,对微波碳热还原提铁脱磷机制进行了分析。结果表明,随着还原温度的升高含磷组元逐渐被还原,当还原温度达到1 150℃以上时含磷矿物被大量还原,并且富集到还原铁中造成还原铁粉磷含量过高。在较低还原温度下,通过选择合适的碱度和脱磷剂用量,能有效地抑制含磷组元的还原,促进铁氧化物的还原和聚集。实验采用原矿粒度0.8 mm、碱度0.8、碳氧摩尔比1.0、钠盐添加剂用量20%(质量分数)、还原温度为950℃保温10 min的条件对物料进行还原,将还原物料研磨到0.074 mm在65 mT的场强下进行磁选可得到全铁质量分数82.79%、回收率86.49%、P质量分数0.34%的指标,所得到的还原铁粉杂质较少,而含磷物质主要以磷酸盐的形式存在于磁选渣中。     

鲕状赤铁矿微波加热还原提铁脱磷机制

采用微波加热还原鲕状赤铁矿内配碳球团,考察了还原温度、碱度及添加剂用量对球团含磷组元迁移的影响,对微波碳热还原提铁脱磷机制进行了分析。结果表明,随着还原温度的升高含磷组元逐渐被还原,当还原温度达到1 150℃以上时含磷矿物被大量还原,并且富集到还原铁中造成还原铁粉磷含量过高。在较低还原温度下,通过选择合适的碱度和脱磷剂用量,能有效地抑制含磷组元的还原,促进铁氧化物的还原和聚集。实验采用原矿粒度0.8 mm、碱度0.8、碳氧摩尔比1.0、钠盐添加剂用量20%(质量分数)、还原温度为950℃保温10 min的条件对物料进行还原,将还原物料研磨到0.074 mm在65 mT的场强下进行磁选可得到全铁质量分数82.79%、回收率86.49%、P质量分数0.34%的指标,所得到的还原铁粉杂质较少,而含磷物质主要以磷酸盐的形式存在于磁选渣中。     

转底炉直接还原铜渣回收铁、锌技术

采用转底炉直接还原工艺,将铜渣含碳球团在高温条件下直接还原得到金属化球团和高品位氧化锌粉尘,再通过熔分或磨矿磁选方式将铁回收,得到的铁产品可作为冶炼含铜钢的原料.转底炉中试结果表明:采用"转底炉直接还原—燃气熔分"流程处理铜渣,可获得TFe品位94%以上、铁回收率93%以上的熔分铁水;采用"转底炉直接还原—磨矿磁选"流程处理铜渣,可获得TFe品位90%以上、铁回收率85%以上的金属铁粉;采用两种流程处理铜渣,均可获得锌品位60.02%的ZnO粉尘.结果表明,经过转底炉直接还原,铜渣中的铁橄榄石Fe_2SiO_4和磁铁矿Fe_3O_4相转变为含有金属铁Fe、二氧化硅SiO_2和少量辉石相Ca(Fe,Mg)Si_2O_6的金属化球团,具备通过磨选或熔分进行进一步富集的条件.     

镍渣直接还原磁选提铁试验

 通过试验对镍渣和煤粉制备含碳球团的直接还原和磁选进行了研究,考察了不同温度、碳氧比、碱度等参数随时间的金属化率变化情况,以及不同磨矿细度下的磁选结果。结果表明：碳氧比为1.2,碱度为0.5的镍渣含碳球团,在1300℃下直接还原20min后可以获得98.34%的金属化率,在该条件下还原后所得金属化球团磨矿时间从10min增加到90min,粒度小于0.074mm所占比例从46.9%增加到95.6%,磁选后精矿TFe质量分数从78.82%降低到74.01%,而磁选产率与铁回收率则分别从51.77%和79.02%增加到70.92%和89.80%。实验室结果表明,镍渣通过含碳球团直接还原磁选的方式利用其中的铁资源在工艺上是可行的。     

牙买加赤泥提铁实验研究

通过实验室试验,对牙买加赤泥分别进行了直接还原-磁选和磁化焙烧-磁选两种工艺方案的提铁实验研究。试验结果表明:采用磁化焙烧-磁选工艺方案,最终得到的铁精矿品位最高为31.84%,铁回收率最高57.46%;采用直接还原-磁选工艺方案,最终得到的金属化铁粉的铁品位最高34.62%,金属化率42.20%,铁回收率最高65.04%。     

铁矾渣直接还原—磁选—反浮选工艺探索

采用配碳球团直接还原铁矾渣得到金属化球团,烟气回收次氧化锌和铅,金属化球团经磨矿磁选得到铁精矿Ⅰ,之后再进行浮硅抑铁反浮选得到铁精矿Ⅱ。研究表明,在碱度为2.5、配碳比为1.4、1 300℃还原30min时,金属化率达到98.47%,铅、锌挥发率分别达到86.25%和98.54%。将金属化球团磨样后在159.2kA/m时磁选效果最好,铁精矿Ⅰ品位为46.66%,铁回收率达到79.79%,经反浮选后得到品位60.30%的铁精矿Ⅱ。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿直接还原-磁选试验研究

为了缓解我国铁矿石原料匮乏和进口铁矿石成本太高的压力,有必要开发利用我国现有的难选铁矿资源。对某地高磷鲕状赤铁矿采用添加脱磷剂煤基直接还原—细磨磁选工艺,在配加1号脱磷剂15%,磨矿细度小于0.047mm的比率占81.26%,磁场强度192kA/m的最佳实验条件下取得较好效果,所得产品金属铁的铁品位达到84.56%,铁回收率为87%,w(P)为0.056%,较好地达到了提铁降磷的目的。     

温度对红土矿球团直接还原的影响

在还原时间90min、氧化钙配比10%、复合剂配比11%、还原碳配比5%的条件下制成球团进行焙烧、磁选。考察球团还原过程温度的变化对球团产生镍铁颗粒金属化率和镍品位的影响。结果表明:还原的最佳温度1 200～1 250℃,此温度下镍的金属化率达到89%以上、铁的金属化率85%以上。镍的品位达到5%。     

铜渣煤基氢冶金回转窑工艺研究及试验

为有效解决铜渣综合利用开展了铜渣煤基氢冶金试验研究,在35 min还原时间内,取得铜渣金属化率95.86%、磁选铁粉品位85.02%、磁选金属回收率97.03%的优异效果,高效解决了固态条件下铜渣快速还原及还原后金属铁晶粒长大。对铜渣金属化物料实验室中性熔分试验,熔分后钢样Fe含量达到97%以上。     

Influence of Mechanical Activation on Acid Leaching Dephosphorization of High-phosphorus Iron Ore Concentrates

High pressure roll grinding (HPRG)and ball milling were compared to investigate the influence of me-chanical activation on the acid leaching dephosphorization of a high-phosphorus iron ore concentrate,which was man-ufactured through magnetizing roasting-magnetic separation of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ores.The results indica-ted that when high-phosphorus iron ore concentrates containing 54·92 mass% iron and 0·76 mass% phosphorus were directly processed through acid leaching,iron ore concentrates containing 55·74 mass% iron and 0·33 mass%phosphorus with an iron recovery of 84·64% and dephosphorization of 63·79% were obtained.When high-phosphor-us iron ore concentrates activated by ball milling were processed by acid leaching,iron ore concentrates containing 56·03 mass% iron and 0·21 mass% phosphorus with an iron recovery of 85·65% and dephosphorization of 77·49%were obtained.Meanwhile,when high-phosphorus iron ore concentrates activated by HPRG were processed by acid leaching,iron ore concentrates containing 58·02 mass% iron and 0·10 mass% phosphorus were obtained,with the iron recovery reaching 88·42% and the dephosphorization rate reaching 88·99%.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that ball milling can reduce the particle size,demonstrating a prominent reunion phenomenon.In contrast,HPRG pretreatment contributes to the formation of more cracks within the particles and selective dissociation of iron and P bearing minerals,which can provide the favorable kinetic conditions to accelerate the solid-liquid reaction rate.As such,the crystal structure is destroyed and the surface energy of mineral particles is strengthened by mechanical ac-tivation,further strengthening the dephosphorization.     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿磷的存在形态及脱磷机理

 针对高磷鲕状赤铁矿石矿物结构复杂导致的脱磷困难现状,为实现深度脱磷的目的,探索矿物还原过程中磷的形态及微观脱磷过程。以铁品位为44.78%、磷的质量分数为0.92%的高磷鲕状赤铁矿为研究对象,根据其面扫描电镜及矿相结构图可知,矿物之间嵌布紧密、逐层形成鲕状结构,石英、鲕绿泥石与赤铁矿等互相包裹,磷元素集中分布在鲕粒内部的氟磷灰石中。通过对焙烧产物做扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS),对高磷鲕状赤铁矿脱磷机理进行研究。研究结果表明,当YM-1脱磷剂质量分数为16%,还原过程中鲕状结构被破坏,金属铁逐渐从鲕粒中析出聚集,脉石与铁颗粒分离明显,磷化为不同形态被脱除。磁选后尾矿、铁分离完全,磷元素几乎全部进入尾矿,添加复合脱磷剂YM-1焙烧磁选后铁精矿的铁品位为90.16%,铁回收率为91.25%,磷质量分数为0.056%,脱磷率为93.91%。铁精粉各项指标满足工业冶炼要求。     

Direct Reduction of High-phosphorus Oolitic Hematite Ore Based on Biomass Pyrolysis

Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases(CO,H_2,and CH_4),tar,and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature,iron ore-biomass mass ratio,and reduction time on the metallization rate.In addition,the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation.It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99.35% at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1∶0.6,reduction temperature of 1 100℃,and reduction time of 55 min.The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature.The particle size of direct reduced iron(DRI) has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation.The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate.DRI with iron grade of 89.11%,iron recovery rate of 83.47%,and phosphorus content of 0.28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of-10 μm account for 78.15%.     

SiO2、Na2CO3对预还原烧结过程中气化脱磷的影响

白云鄂博铁精矿磷含量较高为0.08%(质量分数),且磷元素主要以氟磷灰石的形式存在。基于前期白云鄂博矿磷的赋存状态及白云鄂博矿预还原烧结工艺对脱磷影响的研究,同时为了开发利用其他中、高磷铁矿,研究了白云鄂博铁精矿预还原烧结过程中磷的气化脱除机制。利用FactSage热力学软件、XRD、SEM-EDS对比分析不同SiO2、Na2CO3添加量对预还原烧结过程中气化脱磷率、金属化率以及物相转变的影响。结果表明:最佳的SiO2、Na2CO3添加量(质量分数)分别为3%、1%,对应的脱磷率为31%,金属化率为96%,实现了预还原烧结过程中磷的有效脱除,进一步明确预还原烧结脱磷机制,为以后中、高磷铁矿脱磷的研究指明了方向。     

含锌除尘灰锌铁分离研究

摘要：含锌除尘灰是钢铁厂重要的固体废弃物,属于危废,为了探索妥善解决该种危废的方法,模拟回转窑工艺对国内某钢厂含锌除尘灰进行焙烧 磁选锌铁分离研究,研究不同焙烧温度、时间以及不同内配C含量对焙烧矿金属化率、脱锌率以及对磁选后精矿铁品位、Fe回收率的影响。结果表明,在C质量分数为12%、焙烧温度1100℃、焙烧时间60min的条件下,得到铁品位53.45%、金属化率91.95%、脱锌率99.05%的焙烧物料,挥发物中ZnO质量分数高达95.04%。焙烧物料经过磨矿磁选后可得到铁品位91.30%,Fe回收率82.37%的金属铁粉。     

高压辊磨对含硫酸渣超细铁精粉生球性能的影响

摘要：为解决某钢铁企业配加20%(质量分数)硫酸渣超细铁精粉成球性差、生球性能弱的问题,开展了高压辊磨预处理球团原料实验。探究了辊速、辊压、辊磨比例等因素对混合料的成球性和生球性能的影响,研究了在适宜辊磨参数条件下配加有机黏结剂对球团爆裂性能的提升作用。结果表明：在辊速280r/min、辊压1.0MPa、辊磨比例100%条件下,混合料成球性能和生球性能显著提高,其中,静态成球指数由0.28提高至0.81,生球落下和抗压强度分别由2.9次/(0.5m)、13.62N/个提高至4.2次/(0.5m)、18.52N/个;同时当有机黏结剂配比为0.2%时,生球爆裂温度由385℃提高至445℃,生球落下和抗压强度进一步提高到6.4次/(0.5m)、20.22N/个,生球性能满足生产要求。     

Effect of high pressure roller grinding on green pellets properties of ultra fine iron concentrate containing pyrite cinder

The preparation of pellet mixture by high pressure roller grinding was studied to solve the problem of poor pelletization and green pellet performance for adding 20 mass% pyrite cinder into ultrafine iron concentrate powder. The influences of roller speed, roller pressure, and roller grinding ratio on the mixture′s pelletization and green pellets performance were investigated. Meanwhile, the effect of adding organic binder on the burst temperature of green pellets was evaluated under the condition of suitable roller milling parameters. The results show that under the conditions of roller speed of 280r/min, roller pressure of 1.0MPa, and roller grinding ratio of 100%, the mixture′s static ballability index and green pellets performance are significantly improved. Specifically, the ballability index increases from 0.28 to 0.81, and the drop number and compressive strength of green pellets increase from 2.9times/(0.5m) and 13.62N/pellet to 4.2times/(0.5m) and 18.52N/pellet, respectively. At the same time, when the proportion of organic binder is 0.2 mass%, the burst temperature increases from 385℃ to 445℃, and the drop number and compressive strength of the green pellets are further augmented to 6.4times/(0.5m) and 20.22N/pellet. Finally, the performance of green pellets meet the production requirements.     

磷在脱磷渣中2CaO·SiO2固相颗粒内的扩散速率

中国铁矿磷含量偏高,提高脱磷效率、降低渣料的消耗量对钢铁企业至关重要.1 400℃下,将2CaO·SiO2颗粒插入到含P2 O5为14％(质量分数)的渣中,并保温20、30、60和100 s,研究磷在2CaO· SiO2颗粒中的扩散速率.用SEM-EDS对磷在渣和2CaO·SiO颗粒中的分布进行了测量,并用菲克第二定律计算了磷在2CaO·SiO颗粒中的扩散系数.结果显示:磷在2CaO·SiO中的扩散可视为一维半无限扩散.1 400℃时,磷在2CaO· SiO2颗粒中的扩散系数为6.417×10-12 m2/s,如果脱磷时间为15～20 min,则2CaO· SiO2颗粒不宜大于653 μm.