艾迪注射液对晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗疗效及免疫功能的影响

目的研究艾迪注射液对晚期非小细胞肺癌GP方案化疗疗效及免疫功能的影响。方法选取非小细胞肺癌患者72例随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组患者给予GP方案化疗治疗。观察组患者给予艾迪注射液联合GP方案治疗。结果观察组近期总有效率与对照组比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者整体生活质量、躯体功能、情绪功能、角色功能、认知功能、社会功能都高于对照组(均P0.01),乏力、咳嗽、呼吸困难、胸痛都低于对照组(P0.01或P0.05)。治疗后,两组非小细胞肺癌患者免疫功能指标CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD16+CD56+及CD4+/CD8+水平与治疗前相比均有所降低,但观察组患者均高于对照组(P均0.01)。两组患者不良反应比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论艾迪注射液联合GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌,能够促进化疗药物发挥良好抗癌功效,减轻化疗对患者生活质量及免疫功能损伤程度,且不增加化疗不良反应发生率。     

艾迪注射液联合GP方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的 观察艾迪注射液联合吉西他滨+顺铂方案(GP方案)治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效和不良反应.方法 49例非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为对照组(24例)和治疗组(25例).对照组采用GP方案治疗;治疗组在对照组基础上加用艾迪注射液.治疗结束后观察两组治疗总有效率及不良反应.结果 治疗组临床总有效率为56.0％,对照组临床总有效率为41.7％,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);两组恶心呕吐、白细胞下降、血小板下降发生率比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 艾迪注射液联合GP方案治疗非小细胞肺癌可提高疗效,改善生活质量,降低化疗的毒副反应.     

肺康饮结合化疗对中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者生活质量及机体免疫功能的影响

目的 观察肺康饮结合化疗改善中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者生活质量及机体免疫功能的作用.方法 将84例中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各42例.对照组单纯GP化疗方案,治疗组采用中药复方肺康饮口服液结合GP化疗方案.21d为1个疗程,治疗3个疗程后,观察近期疗效、中医临床症候变化、治疗前后生活质量和免疫功能的变化以及化疗不良反应.结果 治疗组近期疗效有效率为81.0％;中医临床症候改善有效率为92.9％;生活质量KPS评分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组T细胞亚群水平变化与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);化疗不良反应基本在可控制范围内.结论 肺康饮结合化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌,可显著提高患者机体免疫功能,改善生活质量,是一种疗效肯定、安全性高的综合治疗方法.     

中药制剂联合化疗治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效及成本效果分析

目的 探讨中药制剂联合化疗治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及成本效果.方法 选择全身化疗联合中药静脉制剂治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者120例,随机分为康艾组、华蟾素组、艾迪组、参麦组(分别给予康艾注射液、华蟾素注射液、艾迪注射液、参麦注射液),各30例.观察比较四组患者的临床疗效,并运用药物经济学的方法对四种药物行成本效果分析.结果 四种药物均能改善非小细胞肺癌的中医临床症状,其中艾迪组成本效果比、增量成本—效果比分别为148.57％和105.41％.康艾组分别为288.34％、440.44％,参麦组分别为157.13％、23.09％,华蟾素组成本效果比为186.93％,艾迪组成本效果比、增量成本—效果比最优.结论 化疗联合艾迪注射液治疗老年晚期非小细胞性肺癌是较为合理、经济的治疗方案.     

艾迪注射液配合化疗治疗晚期肺癌的疗效观察

目的 比较艾迪注射液加化疗(治疗组)与单纯化疗(对照组)治疗晚期肺癌患者疗效、毒副反应及生活质量的影响.方法 治疗组NP方案(诺维本 顺铂) 艾迪注射液50 ml溶于生理盐水500 ml,每天1次,连用4 w,对照组单用NP方案,完成2 w期后作疗效评价.结果 治疗组有效率45.2%,对照组35.4%,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).治疗组血液毒副反应、胃肠道反应低于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).生活质量评分治疗组高于对照组,两组间差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 艾迪注射液与化疗联合治疗晚期肺癌可降低了化疗对患者的毒副反应,改善患者的生活质量.     

艾迪注射液联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的观察艾迪注射液联合多两他赛＋顺铂的化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺痛（NSCLC）的疗效及毒副反应。方法50例晚期NSCLC患者随机分为两组,治疗组为艾迪注射液＋化疗组（A组）,对照组为单纯化疗组（B组）,观察比较两组间治疗有效率、生活质量及化疗毒副反应。结果A、B两组有效率（CR＋PR）分别为40．0％和36．0％（P〉0．05）。两组生活质量提高率分别为52．0％和28．0％（P〈0．05）。A组化疗严重毒副反应明显减少。结论艾迪注射液联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC,具有减轻化疗毒副反应,改善晚期NSCLC患者的生活质量等作用,值得临床推广应用。     

斑蝥酸钠联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的 观察斑蝥酸钠维生素B6注射液(艾易舒)联合多西紫杉醇+顺铂(DC化疗方案)治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效.方法 将68例患者随机分成实验组34例,对照组34例.实验组应用艾易舒辅助DC方案化疗;对照组单用DC方案化疗.观察两组近期疗效,临床症状改善情况及不良反应情况.结果 实验组近期疗效61.8％,高于对照组41.2％;实验组临床症状改善率79.4％,明显高于对照组52.9％ (P ＜0.05);实验组不良反应总发生率为73.5％,明显低于对照组117.6％ (P＜0.05).结论 艾易舒辅助DC方案治疗非小细胞肺癌较DC方案能够明显提高近期疗效和改善临床症状,并降低了不良反应发生率.     

艾迪注射液联合化疗方案治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的 探讨艾迪注射液联合化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效.方法 将47例中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者分为治疗组22例(艾迪注射液加化疗组)和对照组25例(单纯化疗组).治疗组:采用艾迪注射液联合化疗.化疗方案为紫杉醇135mg/m2静脉滴注第1天,顺铂30mg/m2第1～3天,同时配合艾迪注射液50ml加0.9%氯化钠注射液400ml静脉滴注,1次/d,连用15d为1个周期,每间隔21d重复治疗,共3个周期为1个疗程;对照组:除了不使用艾迪注射液以外,其他的化疗方案、剂量、周期、疗程等均与治疗组一样.结果 治疗组近期有效率为68.18%,对照组近期有效率为40.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义;治疗组生活质量较对照组有提高.治疗组毒性反应(主要为骨髓抑制)较对照组减轻,两组比较差异有统计学意义.结论 艾迪注射液联合化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌能提高化疗疗效及患者生活质量,同时减轻化疗毒性反应.     

苦参碱联合化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的观察苦参碱联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的近期疗效、生活质量和不良反应。方法将80例非小细胞肺癌患者采用随机数字表的方法分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予长春瑞滨和顺铂化疗,观察组在此基础上加用苦参碱,观察两组患者近期疗效、生活质量和不良反应。结果观察组近期总有效率、生活质量和不良反应均好于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论苦参碱联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌,可获得较好的近期疗效,提高生活质量,不良反应可耐受,值得临床推广应用。     

复方苦参注射液联合TP／GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的观察复方苦参注射液联合TP／GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效及毒副反应。方法选择76例晚期NSCLC患者,化疗组采用标准一线方案TP／GP方案,联合组加用复方苦参注射液12ml／d。比较两组的近期疗效及毒副反应。结果联合组总有效率为38．23％,化疗组为33．33％,两组比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。联合组生活质量评分好转率为52．94％,化疗组为28．57％,两组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。联合组毒副反应较化疗组明显减轻（P〈0．05）。结论复方苦参注射液在晚期NSCLC化疗中有减毒增效、提高生存质量的作用。     

Three layer functional model and energy exchange concept of aging process

Relying on a certain degree of abstraction, we can propose that no particular distinction exists between animate or living matter and inanimate matter. While focusing attention on some specifics, the dividing line between the two can be drawn. The most apparent distinction is in the level of structural and functional organization with the dissimilar streams of ‘energy flow’ between the observed entity and the surrounding environment. In essence, living matter is created from inanimate matter which is organized to contain internal intense energy processes and maintain lower intensity energy exchange processes with the environment. Taking internal and external energy processes into account, we contend in this paper that living matter can be referred to as matter of dissipative structure, with this structure assumed to be a common quality of all living creatures and living matter in general. Interruption of internal energy conversion processes and terminating the controlled energy exchange with the environment leads to degeneration of dissipative structure and reduction of the same to inanimate matter, (gas, liquid and/or solid inanimate substances), and ultimately what can be called ‘death.’ This concept of what we call dissipative nature can be extended from living organisms to social groups of animals, to mankind. An analogy based on the organization of matter provides a basis for a functional model of living entities. The models relies on the parallels among the three central structures of any cell (nucleus, cytoplasm and outer membrane) and the human body (central organs, body fluids along with the connective tissues, and external skin integument). This three-part structural organization may be observed almost universally in nature. It can be observed from the atomic structure to the planetary and intergalactic organizations. This similarity is corroborated by the membrane theory applied to living organisms. According to the energy nature of living matter and the proposed functional model, the decreased integrity of a human body's external envelope membrane is a first cause of the structural degradation and aging of the entire organism. The aging process than progresses externally to internally, as in single cell organisms, suggesting that much of the efforts towards the restoration and maintenance of the mechanisms responsible for structural development should be focused accordingly, on the membrane, i.e., the skin. Numerous reports indicate that all parts of the human body, like: bones, blood with blood vessels, muscles, skin, and so on, have some ability for restoration. Therefore, actual revival of not only aging tissue of the human body's membrane, but the entire human body enclosed within, with all internal organs, might be expected. We assess several aging theories within the context of our model and provide suggestions on how to activate the body's own anti-aging mechanisms and increase longevity. This paper presents some analogies and some distinctions that exist between the living dissipative structure matter and inanimate matter, discusses the aging process and proposes certain aging reversal solutions.     

Unusual responses of nocturnal pineal melatonin synthesis and secretion to swimming: Attempts to define mechanisms

Abstract: The effect of swimming at night on rat pineal melatonin synthesis was compared with that of light exposure at night. Rats were forced to swim at 0030 hr (lights out at 2000 hr) and sacrificed by decapitation 15 and 30 min later, immediately after swimming. Other groups of animals were exposed to white light (650μW/cm²) for 15 and 30 min at same time. Swimming caused a rapid and highly significant drop in the melatonin content in the pineal gland; however, the activity of N-acetyltransferase (NAT), the supposed rate limiting enzyme in the melatonin production, was not changed. Despite the drop in pineal melatonin levels, serum concentrations of the indole remained elevated in the rats that swam. In contrast, melatonin levels in the pineal and serum of light exposed rats fell precipitously, accompanied by a significant suppression of NAT activity. Since we anticipated that the strenuous exercise associated with swimming may induce release of artrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from the heart, which in turn could cause the release of pineal melatonin, in a second study we injected physiological saline intravenously to stretch the cardiac muscle and release ANP. Three milliliters of normal saline was injected during the day into the jugular vein of anesthetized rats that were pretreated with isoproterenol to stimulate pineal melatonin production. Animals were killed 15 min after the saline injection, and pineal NAT activity and pineal melatonin levels were measured. The saline injections caused no alteration in the elevated levels of either NAT or melatonin. These data suggest that the disparity in pineal NAT activity (which was high) and pineal melatonin (which was low), in animals swum at night, may not be caused by ANP which is released during strenuous exercise such as swimming.     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Melatonin and photoperiodic time measurement: Seasonal breeding in the sheep

Abstract: Well-established circadian physiology supports the view that photoperiodic time measurement utilizes the coincidence between the presence of light and a photosensitive phase of a 'biological clock' to alter reproductive status—the so-called external coincidence model of seasonal breeding. In this review, we examine the mechanism whereby photoperiod interacts with presumed suprachiasmatic nuclei activity to allow endogenous melatonin to normally synchronize reproductive activity to the optimal time of year. The Romney Marsh sheep is particularly explored as an experimental model. It is suggested that the on/off activity of seasonal reproduction may be a robust mechanism able to be predictably manipulated by the judicious use of the light/dark cycle and exogenous melatonin, but firmly based on circadian principles.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Language of CTO interventions – Focus on hardware

The knowledge of variety of chronic total occlusion (CTO) hardware and the ability to use them represents the key to success of any CTO interventions. However, the multiplicity of CTO hardware and their physical character and the terminology used by experts create confusion in the mind of an average interventional cardiologist, particularly a beginner in this field. This knowledge is available but is scattered. We aim to classify and compare the currently used devices based on their properties focusing on how physical character of each device can be utilized in a specific situation, thus clarifying and simplifying the technical discourse.