多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂、卡培他滨与FOL FOX4 方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效比较

 目的 观察多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂、卡培他滨方案与FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌的客观疗效，疾病进展时间和毒性反应。方法 治疗组41例晚期胃癌患者接受多西紫杉醇25mg／m²（d1，d8，d15），奥沙利铂60mg／m^2（d1，d8，d15），卡培他滨每日1250mg／m²，分2次口服，d1～14，28d为1周期，疗程2～6周期。对照组40例晚期胃癌患者接受奥沙利铂85mg／m^2d1，亚叶酸钙200mg／m²（2h静脉输注）d1-d2，而后5-Fu400mg／m²（10min静脉推注）及5-Fu600mg／m²（持续静脉泵入22h），d1～d2，每14d重复，2次为1周期。结果 多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂、卡培他滨方案治疗组总有效率为58．5％，中位疾病进展时间（TTP）为6．8个月。常见的毒性反应为白细胞和中性粒细胞减低，手足综合征和周围神经毒性反应等。FOLFOX4方案总有效率为47．4％，中位TTP为5．9个月。常见的毒性反应为白细胞和中性粒细胞减低和周围神经毒性反应等。结论 多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂、卡培他滨化疗方案治疗晚期胃癌近期疗效显著，耐受性较好。     

吉西他滨联合卡铂用于晚期鼻咽癌二线治疗的临床观察

 目的 观察吉西他滨（泽菲国产吉西他滨）联合卡铂的联合方案治疗晚期复治鼻咽癌的近期疗效及毒性反应。方法 32例均为一线含顺铂方案化疗失败的晚期鼻咽癌病人。吉西他滨1000mg／m²，d1.8；卡铂400mg／m²，d1；21天为1周期。完成2周期后评价疗效及毒性。结果 32例中CR4例，占12．5％；PR16例，占50．0％；总缓解率（CR＋PR）62．5％。SD8例（25％），PD4例（12．5％）。中位缓解时间4．5个月。骨髓抑制为主要毒性：Ⅲ／Ⅳ度白细胞下降为43．6％，4例合并感染发热；Ⅲ／Ⅳ度血小板下降为21．8％。胃肠道反应轻微。结论 吉西他滨与卡铂的联合方案对一线含顺铂方案化疗失败的晚期鼻咽癌有较高的缓解率，毒性反应轻，值得作为二线方案推广使用。     

方克联合顺铂治疗头颈部肿瘤的疗效观察

目的 评价方克联合顺铂治疗复发转移性头颈部肿瘤的疗效和毒性。方法 将46例复发转移性头颈部肿瘤患者随机分为两组,治疗组：亚叶酸钙200mg静滴d1～5,方克600mg／m^2静滴d1-5,顺铂30mg／m^2静滴d1-3,21d为1周期;对照组：亚叶酸钙200mg静滴d1,5,5-Fu500mg／m^2静滴4～6hd1～5,顺铂30mg／m^2静滴d1～3,21d为1周期。结果 治疗组有效率为43％,中位生存期为7个月,1年生存率为30.4％;对照组有效率为34％,中位生存期为6个月,1年生存率为26．1％。两组有效率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,治疗组不良反应明显轻于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论 方克联合顺铂是治疗复发转移性头颈部肿瘤患者的一种安全、有效的化疗方案。     

奥沙利铂联合替加氟持续静脉注射治疗晚期胃癌临床观察

 目的 观察奥沙利铂与替加氟持续静脉滴注联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效。方法 21例均为不能手术的Ⅳ期胃癌病人。均接受奥沙利铂130mg／m²，静滴2h，第1天；替加氟600mg／m²，经微量泵持续24h静脉输入，第1～5天，3～4周为一周期，连用2周期后，4周评价疗效。结果 21例患者中，CR0例，PR12例（57．1％），NC6例（28．6％），PD3例（14．3％），总有效率57．1％。中位缓解期4．6个月，中位生存期8．3个月，临床受益率85．7％。毒副反应主要是神经毒性、恶心、呕吐和腹泻等。结论 奥沙利铂与替加氟持续静脉滴注联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌可获得较高疗效，毒副反应能耐受，可作为晚期胃癌的有效治疗方案，值得进一步研究。     

长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤的临床观察

目的:观察长春瑞滨联合顺铂(NP方案)治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤的临床疗效和毒副反应。方法:58例晚期头颈部肿瘤患者,接受NP方案化疗。长春瑞滨(NVB)25mg/m2,快速静滴,第1、8天给药;顺铂(DDP)30mg/m2,静滴,第1～3天给药,21天为1周期。化疗2周期以上,然后按WHO标准评价临床疗效和毒副反应。结果:58例患者均可评价疗效,获得CR7例,PR21例,SD16例,PD14例,有效率为48.3%,中位肿瘤进展时间(TTP)为8.5个月。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐和脱发。结论:长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤的临床疗效较高,毒副反应轻,值得进一步研究。     

顺铂时辰给药合并羟基喜树碱治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

 目的 探索顺铂（DDP）时辰给药与常规给药合并羟基喜树碱（HCPrr）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和副作用。方法 59例Ⅲb～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为两组，顺铂时辰给药合并羟基喜树碱组(时辰化疗组）和顺铂、羟基喜树碱常规给药组（常规化疗组），两组顺铂和羟基喜树碱的剂量相同。顺铂14mg／（m²·d）。羟基喜树碱6mg／（m²·d），两药连用5天，21天为1周期，时辰化疗组顺铂在18：00用药。其他用药时间相同。每例连用两周期以上评价疗效。结果 时辰化疗组PR13例，SD13例，PD4例，有效率（CR＋PR）43．3％，常规化疗组PR9例，SD17例，PD3例，有效率31．0％，两组比较P=0．051。时辰化疗组中位生存期6．62个月，12个月生存率30．4％（9／30例），18个月生存率13．3％（4／30）。常规化疗组中位生存期5．06个月，12个月生存率24．1％（7／29），18个月生存率3．4％（1／29）；时辰化疗组的有效率和生存期较常规组有优势。血液学毒性和消化系统等副作用两组相仿。结论 顺铂时辰给药合并羟基喜树碱治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌有临床应用价值。     

长春瑞滨联合奈达铂治疗耐药性晚期口腔颌面部肿瘤的临床观察

目的 探讨长春瑞滨联合奈达铂治疗顺铂耐药的晚期口腔颌面部肿瘤的疗效和安全性。方法 收集2012年8月至2015年7月一线接受以顺铂为基础的化疗失败的42例晚期口腔颌面部肿瘤患者,均给予长春瑞滨联合奈达铂方案化疗。长春瑞滨25 mg／m2静滴,d1、d8;奈达铂 80 mg／m2静滴,d1、d2, 21天为1个周期。采用RECIST 1.1版标准评价近期疗效,NCI CTC 4.0版标准评价不良反应。结果 42例患者均可评价近期疗效,有效率为45.2％,疾病控制率为73.8％,中位无进展生存时间为7个月（95％CI：6.06～7.94个月）,中位总生存时间为13个月（95％CI：10.91～15.09个月）。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐,1～2级居多。结论 长春瑞滨联合奈达铂治疗顺铂耐药的晚期口腔颌面部肿瘤疗效较好,耐受性好,安全性高,值得进一步临床观察和研究。     

吉西他滨联合卡铂-线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的：观察吉西他滨（泽菲）联合卡铂治疗Ⅲb或Ⅳ期初治非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效和毒副作用。方法：初治的Ⅲb或Ⅳ期NSCLC 46例，采用吉西他滨（洋菲）1200mg／m^2，d1、d8，静滴；卡铂AUC=5，d1，静滴，21天为1个周期。结果：46例患者中，无CR病例，PR21例，SD20例，PD5例，客观有效率（CR＋PR）为45．65％，中位生存期11．8个月，1年生存率35%（16／46），中位肿瘤进展时间7个月：毒副作用主要为中性粒细胞和血小板减少：结论：吉西他滨联合卡铂一线治疗晚期NSCLC有效率较高，有生存优势，毒副作用可耐受。     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗蒽环类和（或）紫杉类化疗后晚期乳腺癌疗效观察

目的观察吉西他滨(泽菲)联合顺铂治疗蒽环类和(或)紫杉类化疗后的转移性乳腺癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法蒽环类和(或)紫杉类化疗后的转移性乳腺癌患者29例,采用吉西他滨(泽菲)1000 mg/m2,d1、d8,静滴;顺铂30 mg/m2,d1、d8,静滴,21 d为1个周期。结果29例患者中,CR 1例,PR 11例,SD 9例,PD 8例,客观有效率为41.4%,中位生存期13.2个月,中位肿瘤进展时间5.4个月。毒副作用主要为中性粒细胞和血小板减少。结论吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗蒽环类和(或)紫杉类化疗失败的转移性乳腺癌有效率较高,有生存优势,毒副作用可耐受。     

紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗46例晚期头颈部肿瘤的临床观察

目的 观察紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤的疗效及毒副反应.方法 对46例晚期头颈部肿瘤进行化疗,方案为紫杉醇135 mg/m2,d1;顺铂25～40 mg/m2,d2～4.21 d为1周期,治疗2周期后评价疗效及毒副反应.结果 46例均可评价疗效,共完成周期数为160个,完全缓解(CR)2例,部分缓解(PR)14例,稳定(SD)18例,进展(PD)12例,总有效率(CR+PR)34.8%,疾病控制率(CR+PR+SD)73.9%,中位疾病进展时间6.7个月,中位生存期为22.3个月(2.0～52.5个月).主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应.结论 紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤疗效较好,毒副反应可耐受.     

Weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy: a well-tolerated but ineffective chemotherapeutic regimen in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. A report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD).

BACKGROUND: This phase II study was initiated to determine the activity and toxicity of a combination of gemcitabine (GEM) and cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: CDDP 35 mg/m(2) was given as a 30-min infusion and GEM 1000 mg/m(2) as a 30-min infusion. Both drugs were administered once weekly for 2 consecutive weeks out of every 3 weeks to chemonaive patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. RESULTS: Forty-five advanced pancreatic cancer patients received this regimen for a total of 180 cycles of chemotherapy. One complete and four partial responses have been observed for an overall response rate of 9% (95% confidence interval 10% to 11%). Twenty-one patients (46%) had stable disease and 19 progressed on therapy. The median time to progression was 3.6 months, with a median survival of 5.6 months. A clinical benefit was obtained in nine of 37 patients (24%). Side-effects were mainly represented by hematological toxicity. Grade 3/4 WHO toxicities included neutropenia (6% of the patients) and thrombocytopenia (11%). The dose of GEM and CDDP was reduced in 14 patients (31%) and treatment was delayed in 10 patients (22%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results in terms of response rate, clinical benefit and survival do not support an advantage for the combination of GEM and CDDP given by this schedule.     

Ifosfamide, cisplatin, and 13-Cis retinoic acid for patients with advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a phase I-II study

BACKGROUND: Ifosfamide (IFO) and cisplatin (CDDP) are active drugs in the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. 13-Cis retinoic acid (RA), along with its antiproliferative and differentiating activity on SCC cell lines, has immunomodulatory and chemopreventive effects. The objective of the current Phase I-II study was to evaluate the combination of CDDP, IFO, and RA in patients with advanced or recurrent SCC of the head and neck. METHODS: Patients with measurable recurrent, metastatic, or locally advanced SCC of the head and neck were eligible. Patients received a fixed dose of 20 mg/m(2) CDDP, and IFO was administered with sodium mercaptoethanesolfonate in three-dose increments (1000 mg/m(2), 1200 mg/m(2), and 1500 mg/m(2)) up to dose limiting toxicity. Both drugs were given for 5 consecutive days every 3 weeks. RA (0.5 mg/kg) was given orally for 5 days per week. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients either with locoregional recurrence or distant metastases (50%) or with locally advanced SCC of the head and neck beyond surgery or radiation therapy (50%) were entered into the trial. Fifteen patients were enrolled in the Phase I study, during which the maximum tolerated dose of IFO was 1500 mg/m(2). In the Phase II study (CDDP 20 mg/m(2) and IFO 1200 mg/m(2)), the response rate was 72% (95% confidence interval, 57-83%). After a median follow-up of 23 months, the median time to disease progression was 10.4 months (range, 2.9-47.2+ months), and the median overall survival was 12.95 months (range, 1.7-47.2+ months). Two patients were converted from a partial response to a complete response with RA. Toxicity was relatively well tolerated and caused no deaths. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was observed in 16 patients, and Grade 2-3 diarrhea toxicity occurred in 9 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The dose and schedule for the combination of CDDP, IFO, and RA that were used in this study are feasible and active in the treatment of patients with SCC of the head and neck, with durable responses and a relatively well tolerated toxicity.     

奈达铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶治疗晚期头颈部癌的临床研究

目的评价奈达铂(NDP)联合5-氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)治疗晚期头颈部癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法对34例晚期头颈部癌患者给予NDP80mg/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;5-Fu500mg/m2,静脉滴注,每日1次,第1～5天,每21天为1个周期,至少应用2个周期。结果34例患者中32例可评价疗效,CR2例,PR12例,SD13例,PD5例;总缓解率为43.8%;中位缓解期(TTP)4.9个月;中位生存期(MST)9.5个月。主要毒副作用为骨髓抑制。结论奈达铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶治疗晚期头颈部癌疗效较好,毒副作用小。     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗头颈部癌52例分析

目的 评价吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗复发转移性头颈部癌患者的疗效和毒性。方法 52例复发转移性头颈部癌患者接受吉西他滨联合顺铂方案：吉西他滨1000mg／m^2,第1天和第8天;顺铂25mg／m^2,第1～3天;21d为1个疗程。结果 可评价患者52例,3例（5．8％）达完全缓解,19例（36．5％）达部分缓解,有效率42．3％（22／52）。中位疾病进展时间5．0个月,中位生存期9．9个月,1年生存率为43．4％。在既往经含铂方案化疗的32例患者中,2例（6．3％）达完全缓解,11例（34．4％）达部分缓解,有效率为40．6％（13／32）。中位疾病进展时间3．4个月,中位生存期8．3个月,1年生存率为29．2％。主要不良反应为1或2度血液学毒性、皮疹和恶心呕吐。结论 吉西他滨联合顺铂是治疗晚期复发转移性头颈部癌患者安全、有效的联合化疗方案．     

Combination chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) for squamous cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract

Based on the demonstration of in vitro and in vivo synergy between cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), we designed a Phase II trial of Ara-C plus CDDP for patients with advanced squamous cancers of the head and neck and esophagus. Sixteen patients were treated on a unique schedule of continuous-infusion Ara-C, 30 mg/m2/day over 72 h, plus CDDP, 30 mg/m2/day at hours 12, 36, and 60 of the Ara-C infusion. The objective response rate was 38% (95% confidence limits 14-62%), with two patients achieving complete clinical and radiographic response (9 and 27+ months duration) and four partial responses (median duration 4 months, range 1-7 months). There was no CDDP-related nephro- or neurotoxicities, but a flu-like syndrome of anorexia and asthenia was common. Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting toxicity, necessitating Ara-C dose adjustments in 11 cycles of therapy and leading to fatal sepsis in one patient. We conclude that the activity of this combination, though comparable to that of other CDDP-containing regimens, offers no significant therapeutic advantage, and given the excessive hematologic toxicity, should not be investigated further.     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床分析

目的评估吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和安全性。方法对33例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者采用吉西他滨1000 mg/m2,静滴,第1、8天;顺铂35 mg/m2,静滴,第1、2天。3周为1个周期,2个周期后进行一次疗效评价。结果33例患者中完全缓解(CR)0例,部分缓解(PR)14例,稳定(SD)14例,进展(PD)5例,总有效率(CR PR)为42.4%。初治优于复治(54.2%对11.1%,P=0.030)。中位疾病进展时间(TTP)5.2个月。本方案的主要毒副作用是Ⅲ/Ⅳ度血小板减少和胃肠道反应。结论吉西他滨联合顺铂3周方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者具有良好的疗效和较低的毒副作用。     

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) increases the efficacy of cisplatinum plus gemcitabine combination in advanced pancreatic cancer

BACKGROUND: In this non-randomized study we aimed to assess the efficacy of the addition of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to gemcitabine (GEM) plus cisplatinum (CDDP) combination chemotherapy on survival by prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between November 1999 and February 2004, 69 consecutive patients with APC were treated with GEM (800 mg/m2, day 1, day 8) plus CDDP (35 mg/m2, day 1, day 8) every 21 days +/-LMWH (nadroparine calcium, 2,850 IU/day until disease progression). Ten out of 35 patients in LMWH group and 10 out of 34 patients in chemotherapy alone group had primary inoperable locally advanced disease and the rest of the patients had metastatic disease. RESULTS: Total response rate was 58.8% (11.7% CR) for the patients treated with LMWH and 12.1% for those treated without LMWH (P = 0.0001). LMWH group had a better median time to progression (TTP) and survival when compared to control group (7.3 vs. 4.0 months, P = 0.0001; 13.0 vs. 5.5 months, P = 0.0001). The toxicity was similar and acceptable in both groups. CONCLUSION: Addition of LMWH to GEM plus CDDP combination significantly improved the response and survival in patients with APC and the current schedule deserves to be tested in phase III trials.     

草酸铂联合氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙治疗晚期胃癌

目的观察草酸铂(L-OHP)联合氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)和亚叶酸钙(CF)治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法第1天采用L-OHP130mg/m2静脉滴注3h,CF200mg静脉滴注2h后,5-Fu500mg快速静脉注射后再用5-Fu2.4g/m2持续静脉滴注泵连续滴注46h,每3周重复,完成3周期后评价疗效,有效病例4周后确认。结果全组46例晚期胃癌患者,CR3例,PR20例,有效率(CR+PR)50%,中位疾病进展时间(TTP)5.7月,中位生存期10.5月。主要不良反应为轻度感觉神经毒性、恶心呕吐及骨髓抑制。结论草酸铂联合氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙治疗晚期胃癌疗效较好,不良反应轻,可耐受。     

Combination of low-dose cisplatin and gemcitabine for treatment of elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility, toxicity and efficacy of the combination of low-dose cisplatin (CDDP) and gemcitabine (GEM) in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This phase II trial included 46 patients aged 70 years or older with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. All patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Treatment consisted of CDDP 50 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus GEM 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8. The regimen was repeated every 21 days. Patients received a minimum of three courses unless progressive disease was detected. RESULTS: A total of 190 GEM-CDDP courses were administered (median 4.1 courses per patient). The chemotherapy regimen was well tolerated. No patients developed grade 4 toxicity. Grade 3 toxicities were as follows: neutropenia in six patients (13%), and anemia, thrombopenia and nausea/vomiting in one (2%) each. Two patients (4%) had mild nephrotoxicity. Of the 46 patients, 16 had a partial response (35%, 95% confidence interval, CI, 28-52%), 17 (37%) remained stable and 13 (28%) had disease progression. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status improved in 17 patients (37%), whereas 25 (54%, 95% CI 44-74%) showed a clinical benefit. Median time to progression was 20 weeks. Overall median survival was 44 weeks, with a 1-year actuarial survival rate of 35%. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of low-dose CDDP and GEM for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC is an effective and well-tolerated chemotherapeutic approach.     

Efficacy of the combination of cisplatin with either gemcitabine and vinorelbine or gemcitabine and paclitaxel in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III randomised trial of the Southern Italy Cooperative Oncology Group (SICOG 0101).

BACKGROUND: Triplet regimens were occasionally reported to produce a higher response rate (RR) than doublets in locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This trial was conducted to assess (i) whether the addition of cisplatin (CDDP) to either gemcitabine (GEM) and vinorelbine (VNR) or GEM and paclitaxel (PTX) significantly prolongs overall survival (OS) and (ii) to compare the toxicity of PTX-containing and VNR-containing combinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stage III or IV NSCLC patients were randomly assigned to (i) GEM 1000 mg/m(2) and VNR 25 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (GV arm); (ii) GEM 1000 mg/m(2) and PTX 125 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (GT arm); (iii) GV plus CDDP 50 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (PGV arm); and (iv) GT plus CDDP 50 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (PGT arm). Treatments were repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. RESULTS: A total of 433 (stage III, 160; stage IV, 273) patients were randomly allocated to the study. RR was 48% [95% confidence interval (CI), 42% to 54%] for triplets and 35% (95% CI, 32% to 38%) for doublets (P = 0.004). Median progression-free survival (6.1 versus 5.5 months, P = 0.706) and median OS (10.7 versus 10.5 months, P = 0.379) were similar. CDDP significantly increased the occurrence of severe neutropenia (35% versus 13%), thrombocytopenia (14% versus 4%), anaemia (9% versus 3%), vomiting (6% versus 0.5%), and diarrhoea (6% versus 2%). Conversely, frequency of severe neutropenia (30% versus 17%) and thrombocytopenia (11% versus 6%) was significantly higher with VNR-containing regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Adding CDDP to GV or GT significantly increased RR, but did not prolong the OS of patients. Among doublets, the GT regimen should be preferred in view of its better safety profile.