Radiocarbon dating of subfossil Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the southern Swedish Scandes

Wood samples from above the present-day pine limit were collected from within a limited area in central Sweden. New dates from an intensively investigated part of that area all fall within the period 8550 ± 110 to 4270 ± 90 ¹⁴C years B. P. No evidence at present exists to suggest that any drastic change, or fluctuations, in the pine tree-limit, took place within that period. Some dates support the view that the present-day altitude of the pine tree-limit was established during the historic period and perhaps is still declining.     

青藏公路低温多年冻土温度的多时间尺度分析

利用小波变换分析方法, 对青藏公路风火山监测场地天然状态下和路基中心下15 a的低温多年冻土温度时间序列进行了多时间尺度分析和趋势预测. 结果表明: 天然地表和路基下部多年冻土温度变化具有多时间尺度特征, 二者多时间尺度周期的时频分布特征存在较大差别. 天然地表具有简单的规律性, 路基中心的规律相对较复杂, 主要体现在冻土上限附近. 天然地表下当前均处于暖期, 深层主要受气候长周期波动控制, 使其在进入冷暖期的时间上滞后于上层; 路基中心下浅层和深层的冷暖期相反, 浅层处于暖期, 深层处于冷期, 其长度随热交换量大小和热量积累的变化也不统一, 给路基的稳定性带来了更大的隐患, 但也为控制、减少和治理冻土路基中的病害提供了新依据.     

黔东南铝土矿含矿岩系镁铝铁结构及地球化学特征

黔东南铝土矿赋存于下二叠统梁山组,其含矿岩系具有沉积型铝土矿典型的"煤-铝-铁结构",即下部发育铝质页岩夹菱铁矿结核,中部由含铝岩组夹多层豆状或土状铝土矿组成,上部由碳质页岩、砂岩夹煤层组成。沉积环境为海陆交互相-滨海边缘沼泽相,具有稳定的构造背景。通过含矿岩系物质组成结构分析和元素地球化学研究认为:"煤-铝-铁结构"在铝土矿中的普遍出现,是沉积型铝土矿在矿化过程中物理化学环境多变导致的深度去硅去铁作用,加之外部环境提供充足的有机质物质来源,从而形成的非偶然结果。因此,含矿岩系的分层结构形成过程中的物理化学变化所导致的多种地质异常可作为找矿实践中的成矿标志。     

应力干扰下煤层顶板水平井穿层分段压裂规律

穿层压裂是提高煤层顶板水平井产气量的关键技术，而应力干扰对煤层顶板水平井穿层分段压裂效果具有重要影响，为此，建立顶板水平井穿层分段压裂数值模型，研究应力干扰对穿层分段压裂裂缝扩展的影响规律。结果表明:煤层的岩石力学参数、压裂段间距和压裂施工方式是影响顶板水平井穿层压裂段间干扰的3个重要因素，随着煤层泊松比的降低，叠加应力逐渐增加，段间干扰程度增加；随着段间距离的增加，叠加应力逐渐减少、应力干扰逐渐减弱；顶板岩层内的叠加应力和应力干扰程度明显大于煤层；渗流扩散泄压施工产生的叠加应力明显低于连续压裂施工，段间干扰程度明显降低。研究得出连续施工的中硬煤层分段间距在90 m左右，软煤层分段间距在70~80 m较合理。扩散泄压压裂施工段间距相应降低，中硬煤层的分段间距在70 m左右、软煤层分段间距在60 m左右较合理。工程实践表明，顶板水平井分段压裂裂缝穿透了煤层，形成了较长裂缝，取得了较好的产气效果，实现对煤层的高效穿层压裂改造，研究结果为顶板水平井穿层压裂段间距优化提供了理论依据。      

Geochemistry and Si–O–Fe isotope constraints on the origin of banded iron formations of the Yuanjiacun Formation,Lvliang Group,Shanxi, China

Banded iron formations (BIFs) within the Lvliang region of Shanxi Province, China, are hosted by sediments of the Yuanjiacun Formation, part of the Paleoproterozoic Lvliang Group. These BIFs are located in a zone where sedimentation changed from clastic to chemical deposition, indicating that these are Superior-type BIFs. Here, we present new major, trace, and rare earth element (REE) data, along with Fe, Si, and O isotope data for the BIFs in the Yuanjiacun within the Fe deposits at Yuanjiacun, Jianshan, and Hugushan. When compared with Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS), these BIFs are dominated by iron oxides and quartz, contain low concentrations of Al₂O₃, TiO₂, trace elements, and the REE, and are light rare earth element (LREE) depleted and heavy rare earth element (HREE) enriched. The BIFs also display positive La, Y, and Eu anomalies, high Y/Ho ratios, and contain ³⁰Si depleted quartz, with high δ¹⁸O values that are similar to quartz within siliceous units formed during hydrothermal activity. These data indicate that the BIFs within the Yuanjiacun Formation were precipitated from submarine hydrothermal fluids, with only negligible detrital contribution. None of the BIF samples analyzed during this study have negative Ce anomalies, although a few have a positive Ce anomaly that may indicate that the BIFs within the Yuanjiacun Formation formed during the Great Oxidation Event (GOE) within a redox stratified ocean. The positive Ce anomalies associated with some of these BIFs are a consequence of oxidization and the formation of surficial manganese oxide that have preferentially adsorbed Ho, LREE, and Ce^4 +; these deposits formed during reductive dissolution at the oxidation–reduction transition zone or in deeper-level reducing seawater. The loss of Ce, LREE, and Ho to seawater and the deposition of these elements with iron hydroxides caused the positive Ce anomalies observed in some of the BIF samples, although the limited oxidizing ability of surface seawater at this time meant that Y/Ho and LREE/HREE ratios were not substantially modified, unlike similar situations within stratified ocean water during the Late Paleoproterozoic. Magnetite and hematite within the BIFs in the study area contain heavy Fe isotopes (⁵⁶Fe values of 0.24–1.27‰) resulting from the partial oxidation and precipitation of Fe^2 + to Fe^3 + in seawater. In addition, mass-independent fractionation of sulfur isotopes within pyrite indicates that these BIFs were deposited within an oxygen-deficient ocean associated with a similarly oxygen-deficient atmosphere, even though the BIFs within the Yuanjiacun Formation formed after initiation of the GOE.     

Intragranular dynamic recrystallization in naturally deformed calcite marble: diffusion accommodated grain boundary sliding as a result of subgrain rotation recrystallization

Intragranular microshear zones within a greenschist facies calcite marble were studied to try to constrain better the processes of dynamic recrystallization as well as the deformation processes that occur within newly recrystallized grains. Intragranular recrystallized grains within large, twinned calcite porphyroclasts can be related to the host from which they have recrystallized and are the focus of an electron backscatter diffraction study. Lattice distortions, low angle boundaries and some high angle boundaries (>15°) in the microshears within a porphyroclast have the same misorientation axes suggesting that deformation occurred by climb-accommodated dislocation creep involving subgrain rotation recrystallization. Changes in the ratio of host and twin domain, as the deformation zone is entered, show that twin boundary migration also occurred. Recrystallized grains have similar sizes (10–60 μm) to subgrains, suggesting that they formed by subgrain rotation. However, within the intragranular microshear zones the misorientations between recrystallized grains and porphyroclasts are considerably larger than 15° and misorientation axes are randomly oriented. Moreover recrystallized grain orientations average around the porphyroclast orientation. We suggest that the recrystallized grains, once formed, are able to deform partly by diffusion accommodated grain boundary sliding, which is consistent with predictions made from lab flow laws.     

Geochemical characteristics and organic carbon sources within the upper reaches of the Xi River,southwest China during high flow

Carbon (POC, DOC) and carbon isotopes (δ¹³C) within two headwater tributaries to the Xi River Basin, southwest China were analyzed to document the geochemical characteristics and sources of organic carbon (C) within basins characterized by a monsoonal climate and karst landforms. δ¹³ C _POC value and C/N ratio data indicate that suspended soil organic carbon (SOC) was an important source of POC in both the Nanpan and Beipan rivers (i.e., the studied tributaries). However, differences in C sources exist between the Nanpan and Beipan River Basins. Higher terrestrial plants supplied a portion of the POC within the Beipan River. In contrast, the Nanpan River was characterized by an inverse correlation between POC and DOC, and a positive relationship between the δ¹³C values. These trends indicate that DOC within the Nanpan River was partly derived from the degradation of soil C within the water column. In addition, the interception of C by hydrological projects (e.g., dams) positioned along the Nanpan River led to higher DOC/POC ratios. In contrast, within the Beipan River δ¹³C _DOC values range from ?20 to ?25.2 ‰ and are consistent with ratios associated with soil C, suggesting that leaching of C from catchment soil was the dominant source of DOC. Organic C in tributaries to the Beipan River may also have been derived from intense upland soil erosion, a process that resulted in the lowest DOC/POC ratios. The collected data indicate that land-use changes have potentially influenced regional- to local-scale organic C budgets within subtropical basins subjected to karstification.     

Hydrogeologic control of shear-related fracturing in Blue Ridge basement rocks: a case study from production wells in the Marshall Metagranite,Fauquier County,Virginia (USA)

Borehole geophysical logging of four production wells completed in Precambrian metagranite in Fauquier County, Virginia (USA), was conducted to characterize stratigraphy, collect water-bearing fracture orientations and describe vertical hydraulic gradients in the vicinity of each borehole. Long-term (48–90 h) single-well pump test data were reevaluated for each well to better characterize this locally important aquifer system. Single-well aquifer test analyses indicate mid-to-late-time infinite acting radial flow conditions within the fractured rock aquifer, followed by increasing late-time contribution of stored groundwater from recharge boundaries. Later-time pump test results are believed to indicate that water-bearing fractures within the metagranite are ultimately recharged by groundwater stored within the regolith. Assumptions about the presence of a recharge boundary sourced by the regolith were tested with a simple groundwater flow model that was calibrated to observed drawdown data associated with one of the long-term pump tests. This study identifies fracturing associated with shear-related metamorphic fabrics in the wellbore and demonstrates the significance of these fractures as mechanisms for accessing groundwater. Results from this investigation indicate that shear-related metamorphic fabrics can be important structures for integrating transmissive fracture networks within the Marshall Metagranite and possibly within other Blue Ridge basement rocks possessing similar metamorphic history.

     

Delineation of arsenic-contaminated zones in Bengal Delta, India: a geographic information system and fractal approach

Groundwater extracted from shallow aquifers in the Bengal Delta is contaminated with arsenic. The fluviodeltaic process that creates aquifers, ironically, extends its role to also contaminating them with arsenic. The arsenic distribution maps show a spatial association of arsenic-contaminated wells with palaeo/cut-off/abandoned channels. Weight-on-evidences analysis indicates that the zones of contamination occur around palaeo-channels within a corridor of 500–700 m that contains most of the contaminated wells. These corridors are interpreted to be the zone of channel shifting. Contaminated wells represent point fractal geometry that can be separated into isolated points and clusters. Clusters occur within the zone of channel shifting as obtained by weight-on-evidences analysis. Isolated points occur within floodplain or back swamp areas. Clusters and isolated point fractals are interpreted to reflect the process of arsenic release into groundwater. The migration of biomass within the permeable sandy domain of channel deposits is proposed to be the predominant process in generating clusters. The isolated points represent restricted biomass spreading in less permeable clay-silt dominated floodplains.     

矿物成分、特征地球化学组分对水在滑带形成中作用的指示意义:以三峡库区大型滑坡为例

弄清滑坡滑带抗剪强度降低的根本原因是滑坡形成机理研究和滑坡活动趋势预测的主要内容之一。水是滑带形成过程中导致其抗剪强度衰减的最活跃因素之一。三峡库区两个大型滑坡实例分析显示,滑带及其周围岩土矿物成分、地球化学成分的变化特征指示滑带形成与水-岩(土)物理、化学作用的方式及作用程度,从而证实矿物学、地球化学研究方法和理论是揭示滑带抗剪强度降低内在机理的有效途径之一。三峡库区黄土坡滑坡临江I#崩滑体和泄滩滑坡滑带土及其周围岩土矿物学、主量化学元素的含量变化特征指示:前者滑带形成过程中,滑带部位地下水因大气降水补给、地下水的氧化作用活跃,导致滑带土抗剪强度减低,其主要原因是其中泥灰岩碎屑的水解泥化作用、方解石溶解作用和伊利石向伊-蒙混层矿物的转化作用;后者滑带形成过程中,滑带部位地下水与外界水力联系较差、地下水的还原作用强烈,滑带部位长石化学风化、次生粘土矿物增多,可知由伊利石转化的伊-蒙混层矿物增多是导致滑带土抗剪强度衰减的主要原因。     

Deciphering the Neoproterozoic history of the Hollow Fault,Avalon terrane,mainland Nova Scotia

Recognition and deciphering of the early history of fault zones is difficult because younger fabrics commonly overprint and obscure older ones. The Hollow–Greendale Fault system in the Avalon terrane of the northern Antigonish Highlands in mainland Nova Scotia has suffered many episodes of motion in the Paleozoic during development of the Appalachian orogen. Field relationship and petrographic observations indicate that its Neoproterozoic history is preserved as ca. 610 Ma NE- and NW-trending ductile shear zones within the Georgeville Group contact aureole of the intrusive syn- to late-tectonic Greendale Complex. Kinematic indicators within the NE-trending shear zone along the southwestern contact indicate dextral shear and are compatible with dextral shear indicators within the Greendale Complex and with the orientation of coeval regional F₁ fold structures within the Antigonish Highlands. The NW-trending shear zone along the northeastern contact represents either a step-over fault within a dextral shear zone or a zone of localized transpression associated with the emplacement of the Greendale Complex. Local preservation of Neoproterozoic shear zone fabrics within the Georgeville Group host rocks is attributed to the shielding effects of the proximal Greendale Complex, which acted as a rigid unit during Paleozoic deformation so that subsequent motion along the Hollow Fault was partitioned along the northeastern and southwestern contact of the complex. The Neoproterozoic history, combined with paleocontinental reconstructions, indicates that the Hollow–Greendale fault system was part of an important regional strike-slip fault zone within a volcanic arc regime along the periphery of Gondwana (Murphy et al., 1999a, Murphy et al., 1999b).     

Brecciated diamictons from Mohawk Bay, S. Ontario, Canada

Examination of sediments along the north shore of Lake Erie at Mohawk Bay reveals a relationship between the formation of intensely brecciated diamictons and the presence of sand-block intraclasts. It is postulated that the sand blocks were subglacially deposited within a meltwater environment, and later frozen prior to being eroded and transported within a mobile subglacial debris layer. On immobilization the frozen sand blocks, encased within the diamicton, acted as a heat sink creating cryostatic stresses within the surrounding diamicton as a result of the advance of a frost front and related frozen ‘fringe’. The effect of these anisotropic stresses resulted in porewater migration to the frost front. Subsequent development of intense brecciation occurred as aureoles around the sand intraclasts due to localized high tensile stresses causing fracturing within the fine-grained matrix of the diamicton.     

Age and provenance of the Ergunahe Group and the Wubinaobao Formation,northeastern Inner Mongolia,NE China: implications for tectonic setting of the Erguna Massif

Here, we present the results of U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Ergunahe Group and the Wubinaobao Formation, within northeastern Inner Mongolia, NE China, with the aim of constraining the tectonic setting of the Erguna Massif. The majority of detrital zircons from five samples collected from the Ergunahe Group and the Wubinaobao Formation are magmatic, although some zircons have metamorphic growth rims. Zircons in two mica schists and in feldspar–quartz sandstone from the Ergunahe Group yield age populations that cluster around 738, 760, 792, 837, 890, 964, and 1050 Ma, whereas zircons from two quartz sandstones within the Wubinaobao Formation yield age populations that cluster at 466, 484, 515, 738, 795, 837, and 894 Ma. These data, combined with detrital zircon age populations (ca. 712 Ma) from the adjacent Xinghuadukou Group, and the fact that the Ergunahe Group intruded by Caledonian gabbros is overlain by upper Silurian units, indicate that the Ergunahe Group formed at 738–712 Ma (i.e. during the Neoproterozoic). In addition, the Wubinaobao Formation is subdivided into two units: a calcareous siltstone unit within the western part of the study area and a quartz sandstone within the eastern part. The calcareous siltstone formed at 712–795 Ma, similar to the Ergunahe Group, whereas the quartz sandstone formed between the 466 Ma and late Silurian. The age spectra of detrital zircons from the Ergunahe Group and the Wubinaobao Formation indicate that sediment in both of these units was derived from terranes that outcrop around the basin. The widespread occurrence of Neoproterozoic detrital zircons within both the Ergunahe Group and the Wubinaobao Formation suggests that Precambrian terranes are present within the Erguna Massif and that the massif has an affinity to the Siberian Craton.     

Antithetic fault linkages in a deep water fold and thrust belt

Deep water fold and thrust belts consist of both forethrusts and backthrusts that can link along strike to form continuous folds in the overburden. The interaction of faults of opposing dip are termed ‘antithetic thrust fault linkages’ and share the common feature of a switch in vergence of overlying hangingwall anticlines. Using three-dimensional seismic data, on the toe-of-slope of the Niger Delta, linkages are classified into three distinct structural styles. This preliminary classification is based on the vertical extent of faulting within a transfer zones relative to the branch line of the antithetic faults. The stratigraphic level of the lateral tip of the fault, the shape of lateral tip region of a fault plane and the stratal deformation within the transfer zones is also distinctive in each type of fault linkage. A Type 1 linkage comprises faults that overlap exclusively above the level of the branch line. A ‘pop-up’ structure forms within the transfer zone with sediments below remaining planar. The lower tip lines of faults climb stratigraphically towards the linkage zone creating asymmetric, upward-tapering lateral tip regions. In Type 2 linkages fault overlap occurs lower than the level of the branch line such that lateral fault tips are located within the footwall of the counterpart fault. Faulting is thus limited to the deeper section within the transfer zone and creates unfaulted, symmetric, bell-shaped folds in the overburden. Upper tip lines of faults lose elevation within the transfer zone creating asymmetric, downwards-tapering lateral tip regions. In Type 3 linkages both faults continue above and below the branch line within the transfer zone resulting in cross-cutting fault relationships. Horizon continuity across the folds, through the transfer zones, varies significantly with depth and with the type of fault intersection.     

Deformation along a salient-transverse zone junction: An example from the Leamington transverse zone,Utah, Sevier fold-thrust belt (USA)

Within fold-thrust belts, the junctions between salients and recesses may hold critical clues to the overall kinematic history of fold-thrust belts. The deformation history within these junctions is best preserved in areas where thrust sheets extend from a salient through an adjacent recess. We examine one such junction within the Sevier fold-thrust belt (western United States) along the Leamington transverse zone, northern Utah. The Canyon Range thrust sheet can be traced continuously from the Leamington transverse zone to its adjacent salient to the south, the Central Utah segment. Deformation within the Canyon Range thrust sheet took place by faulting and cataclastic flow. Analyses of these fault networks preserved throughout the Canyon Range thrust sheet are used to develop a kinematic history of the Leamington transverse zone. Field data is supplemented by analog sandbox experiments. This study suggests that, in detail, deformation within the overlying thrust sheet may not directly reflect the underlying basement structure. Moreover, these junctions may contain several types of accommodating structures that helped to maintain critical-taper and that serve as potential targets for natural resource exploration.     

Combined diffusion—Infiltration of uranium in micaceous schists

Fission and particle track methods have been used to study uranium and lithium/boron distributions in muscovite and biotite schists. The results show that uranium and lithium/boron have a non-uniform distribution within grain boundaries and strained crystal lattice structures of the micas. Uranium redistribution is attributed to; (1) hydrothermal or metamorphic fluids that have redistributed the uranium together with lithium/boron by diffusion and infiltration through planar and lattice defects within the mica aggregate, (2) meteoric fluids that postdate the hydrothermal or metamorphic fluid and are also responsible for the introduction of iron and manganese concentrations within planar defect structures.     

Determining the location of suitable satellite centres for chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment within Edo state,Nigeria

The study investigates the accessibility to healthcare for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients within Edo state, Nigeria. This was done with the aim of determining the efficiency of the health service available to CKD patients in the area. It involves the use of travel time models to explore the efficiency of the structure of healthcare for CKD patients within the study area as well as evaluate potential scenarios that could improve the CKD healthcare service in the area. Therefore, the study attempted to identify a suitable method of remotely identifying potential locations that can be suitable for providing healthcare for CKD patients at the earlier stages of the disease. In order to minimise the distance between CKD patients and CKD healthcare facilities, there was the need to carry out a location–allocation analysis in order to locate satellite CKD centres close to population centres for each local government area, which would serve as population thresholds for the satellite CKD facilities. This objective was based on the argument that people tend to attend nearby health facilities than attend those that are farther away. The results indicated that the current healthcare structure was not efficient and identified potential locations among the available health centres within the state that would help reduce accessibility issues relating to the number of CKD patients that are being treated within the state.     

Comparative zinc dynamics in Atlanta metropolitan region stream and street runoff

Zinc, major ion, and other trace metal (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb) concentrations were measured within 172 street and stream runoff samples in the Atlanta metropolitan region and in relatively undeveloped watersheds within the Georgia Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces. Peachtree Creek, draining a densely populated area of Atlanta, was the primary sampling location and samples were acquired under a wide range of hydrological conditions. Zinc concentrations within street runoff [median (Zn)_{urban street runoff}=905 µg/l] were significantly greater than zinc concentrations within storm runoff [median (Zn)_{Peachtree Creek}=60 µg/l], which were, in turn, greater than zinc concentrations within non-storm runoff [median (Zn)_{Peachtree Creek}=14 µg/l]. Zinc concentrations were not significantly greater within urban base flow than within non-urban base flow, indicating that the primary source of pollution is "event water" or street runoff. Zinc was the only heavy metal present in greater than "background" concentrations (i.e., >10 µg/l), which is likely the result of automotive pollution that is omnipresent within the study area. Analysis of storm alkalinity dilution trends indicate that simple mixing between polluted street runoff and groundwater cannot account for the zinc concentrations observed within storm and recession flows. A two end member mass balance model suggests that a large proportion of the zinc present in the street runoff is adsorbed and transported on surfaces of the suspended sediment. Adsorption is readily possible at the near neutral pH (~6.5) of turbid storm discharge.     

Very high strains recorded in mylonites along the Alpine Fault, New Zealand: implications for the deep structure of plate boundary faults

Oblique displacement on the Alpine Fault, which forms the principal structure along the Australian–Pacific plate boundary in South Island, New Zealand, has resulted in exhumation of a kilometre-wide mylonite zone in the hanging wall adjacent to the current brittle fault trace. The mylonites formed under amphibolite facies conditions at depths of ca. 25 km and have been uplifted during the past 5 Ma. A suite of 65–70 Ma pegmatite veins in the hanging wall Alpine schists has been progressively deformed within the mylonite zone and sheared out over a strike length of ca. 100 km. Measurements of the thickness distribution of the pegmatite veins within the non-mylonitised schists and at three localities within the progressively strained mylonites have been used to estimate strain values within the mylonites. The thicknesses approximate a log-normal distribution, with a mean value that is progressively reduced through the protomylonites, mylonites and ultramylonites. By assuming that the thickness distribution currently observed in the schists was the same for the pegmatites within the mylonites before strain, a model of deformation incorporating simple shear and simultaneous pure shear is used to strain the undeformed veins until a fit is obtained with the strained distributions. Shear strains calculated range from 12 to 22 for the protomylonites, 120 to 200 for the mylonites and 180 to 300 for the ultramylonites, corresponding to pure shear values of 1–3 in each case. These values are compatible with the strains predicted if most of the surface displacement on the fault over the past 5 Ma were accommodated within a 1–2-km-wide mylonite zone through the middle and lower crusts. The results suggest that processes such as erosional focussing of deformation and thermal weakening may cause intense strain localisation within the lower crust, with plate boundary deformation restricted to narrow zones rather than becoming increasingly distributed over a widening shear zone with depth.     

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长7段泥岩古孔隙度恢复方法研究

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长7段泥岩作为中生界油藏的重要烃源岩,其成藏期古压力是油气运移的主要动力,而泥岩古孔隙度的变化代表了古压力演化的特征,因此基于成藏期到最大埋深期烃类流体排出,地层超压释放的机理,提出了由孔隙度增量-最大埋深的关系逆推成藏期泥岩古孔隙度的新方法。通过分析最大埋深时期泥岩压实剖面的特征,利用长7段烃源岩欠压实孔隙度增量(△Φ)与最大埋深之间存在的指数关系,逆推出成藏期泥岩古孔隙度增量,并结合成藏期正常压实趋势下孔隙度值,恢复长7段泥岩成藏期总孔隙度。结果表明,姬塬地区长7段泥岩成藏期古孔隙度偏高,普遍在23%～35%之间,说明成藏期泥岩欠压实作用强烈,异常高压是源岩排烃的主要动力。