龙牙楤木总甙对变态反应的影响

龙牙楤木总甙(As)显著抑制PCA反应、Porssman皮肤血管炎、大鼠迟发型皮肤超敏反应、佐剂关节炎、Arthus反应、反向被动Arthus反应。但攻击前ig As对PCA反应,致敏前后ig As对Arthus反应和对Arthus反应大鼠血清中免疫复合物均无明显影响。     

中成药在抗过敏反应中的药理作用

1抗敏合剂 有黄芩、牡丹皮、桂枝和甘草组成的复方,本合剂对Ⅲ型变态反应模型家兔主动ARTHVS反应有明显的抑制作用,并能降低卵蛋白和费氏完全佐剂多次免疫,家兔的血清免疫复合物含量。对Ⅳ型变态反应模型小鼠DNCB接触性皮炎和小鼠SRBC足垫反应已有显著的抑制作用。     

引流熊胆的抗炎免疫抑制作用

引流熊胆Ｉｇ能明显地抑制二甲苯、巴豆油所致小鼠耳壳肿胀．抑制小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性．抑制角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀及Ｐｒｅｕｎｄ完全性剂所致大鼠关节炎；对肾上腺、胸腺、脾脏及淋巴结重量无明显影响。抑制小鼠棉球肉芽肿增生，抑制小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能。表明引流熊胆具有抑制急、慢性及免疫性炎症作用和免疫抑制作用。引流熊胆还抑制大鼠热烫足肿胀．减少大鼠炎症部位ＰＧＥ２含量。提示引流熊胆的抗炎作用与抑制炎症部位的激肽类和ＰＧＥ２的合成与释放有关。     

雷公藤微囊的药效学研究

雷公藤微囊（５～１５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）对大鼠角叉菜胶足肿胀、棉球肉牙肿及大鼠佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）均有明显的抑制作用，并能抑制ＡＡ大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生的白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）和小鼠溶血素抗体生成。体外实验发现，雷公藤微囊对刀豆蛋白诱导的小鼠脾细胞增殖反应及脂多糖诱导的大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生的ＩＬ－１均具有剂量依赖性的抑制作用。提示雷公藤微囊不仅具有明显的抗炎作用，而且具有免疫抑制作用。     

杭白菊总黄酮抗炎作用及其机制初探

目的：观察杭白菊总黄酮抗炎作用并对其机制进行初步研究。方法：采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加、角叉菜胶致小鼠足跖肿胀及大鼠气囊炎炎症模型,观察杭白菊总黄酮对不同炎症模型的抗炎作用,并测定蛋白质、白细胞数（WBC）、前列腺素E2（PGE2）、丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果：杭白菊总黄酮能显著降低小鼠毛细血管通透性,抑制小鼠二甲苯致耳肿胀,减轻小鼠足跖肿胀,降低炎症组织PGE2含量,抑制角叉菜胶致大鼠气囊炎模型中渗出液中总蛋白质含量和白细胞数,降低血浆MDA含量,增强血浆SOD活性。结论：杭白菊总黄酮具有明显的抗炎作用,其抗炎作用可能与其降低血管通透性、抑制PGE2等炎症介质生成及增强清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化能力有关。     

鲨肝活性肽对小鼠血清溶血素的生成和血清IL-2含量的影响

鲨肝活性肽是从鲨鱼肝脏中分离纯化的一种活性多肽，对正常小鼠血清溶血素的生成无明显影响，但在1．5、0．75和0．37mg/kg时，却能部分缓解环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,Cy)对小鼠血清溶血素生成的抑制作用；在0．75-6mg/kg剂量时，能够上调环磷酰胺所致免疫低下小鼠血清IL-2的含量。在体外未发现鲨肝活性肽促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌IL-2。故鲨肝活性肽对免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能具有一定的正向调节作用。     

雷公藤甲素对炎症及免疫功能的影响

雷公藤甲素能减轻巴豆油合剂诱发的小鼠耳部水肿;对醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应有明显的抑制作用;对细胞膜有稳定作用。甲素可明显提高大鼠血清总补体含量;抑制初次免疫反应的溶血素的形成;对腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性似有一定程度的抑制。甲素对再次免疫反应的抗SRBC的抗体形成无明显抑制,大剂量甲素可使大鼠睾丸精子形成受到抑制,心、肝、肾组织出现变性,脾小体变小,淋巴细胞减少,口服及皮下注射的LD50分别为1195μg/kg及1136μg/kg。     

樱桃叶水煎液的抗氧化及降糖作用研究

目的:观察樱桃叶水煎液对环磷酰胺所致免疫低下小鼠抗氧化能力的影响,以及对正常大鼠糖耐量及α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用。方法:腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立小鼠免疫低下模型,测定血清中过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量;观察樱桃叶体外对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用及对正常大鼠糖耐量的影响。结果:免疫低下小鼠给予樱桃叶水煎液后,血清中SOD、CAT活性明显升高,MDA含量显著降低;樱桃叶水煎液可显著抑制正常大鼠给予蔗糖后的血糖升高,体外实验中对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性具有明显抑制作用。结论:樱桃叶可增强免疫低下小鼠抗氧化能力,并且通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性而抑制餐后血糖升高。     

米氟米特对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用及部分机制研究

目的 研究来氟米特（Lef)对佐剂关节系（AA）大鼠的治疗作用。方法 观察佐剂性关节炎（AA）大鼠给药后继发性足肿胀、免疫功能及前列腺素释放水平的变化，并检测Lef的活性产物A771726体外对正常小鼠T细胞亚群的影响。结果 Lef(2,6与18mg.kg^-1)灌胃给药（ig)可明显抑制AA大鼠继发性的关节肿胀，改善AA大鼠多发性关节炎病变症状。对AA大鼠低下的ConA诱导的增殖反应和IL－02无明显影响，但对AA大鼠过高的IL－1产生有明显的抑制作用。体外培养发现Lef的活性产物A771726（0．1，0．5，2．5，12．5，25，100mol.L^-1)可抑制正常小鼠ConA诱导的Th细胞，对ConA诱导的Ts细胞无明显影响。而只有高浓度A771725（100μmol.L^-1)对AA大鼠PMΦ产生的过高PGE2有明显的抑制作用。结论 Lef具免疫抑制作用，通过抑制细胞免疫功能，实现对AA大鼠的治疗作用。     

青鹏膏剂穴位贴敷对大鼠血清组织胺和缓激肽含量的影响

目的:观察青鹏膏剂大椎穴贴敷对大鼠血清中组织胺和缓激肽含量的影响.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为青鹏膏剂穴位贴敷组、电针组和空白对照组,每组10只.青鹏膏剂组大鼠大椎穴区局部剃毛后涂抹青鹏膏剂,电针组大鼠大椎穴给予电针刺激.采用酶联免疫技术检测大鼠血清中组织胺和缓激肽的含量.结果:与空白对照组比较,青鹏膏剂穴位贴敷组和电针组大鼠血清组织胺和缓激肽的含量均明显升高(P＜0.05),且青鹏膏剂穴位贴敷组大鼠血清组织胺的含量明显高于电针组(P＜0.05)、缓激肽含量与电针组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:青鹏膏剂穴位贴敷可致大鼠血清组织胺和缓激肽的含量明显升高,这可能是青鹏膏剂药效作用的机制之一.     

龙牙楤木总甙的抗炎作用

龙牙楤木总甙(As)显著抑制大鼠角叉菜胶、甲醛、热烫、PGE_2和组胺性足肿胀。对制霉菌素、5-HT引起大鼠足肿胀有一定抑制作用。抑制巴豆油气囊肿渗出和肉茅组织增生,抑制PGE_2、组胺、5-HT引起的毛细血管通透性增加。抑制白细胞游走,并能提高清除自由基的能力。其抗炎作用不依赖于垂体-肾上腺皮质系统,但对肾上腺皮质有一定刺激作用。     

Suppressive effects of Hochu-ekki-to, a traditional Chinese medicine, on IgE production and histamine release in mice immunized with ovalbumin

We examined the effects of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (Japanese name: Hochu-ekki-to, HET), a traditional Chinese medicine, on IgE production and histamine release in mice immunized intraperitoneally with a mixture of ovalbumin (OA) and aluminum hydroxide (alum adjuvant). Three groups of mice were orally administered 0, 1.7 or 17 mg of HET on day 13 after the first immunization with a mixture of 1 microg OA and 1 mg alum adjuvant. They were again immunized with the same dose of OA plus alum adjuvant on day 14. The immunological changes in mice treated with OA alone or OA plus HET were examined, and the following findings were obtained. In the HET-treated mice, the elevation of anti-OA IgE in serum, and histamine release from basophils in blood, were significantly suppressed. A significant suppression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) secretion and proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in primary culture was also observed. A tendency to suppress the elevation of anti-OA IgG1 in serum and interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion from splenic lymphocytes was observed in the HET-treated mice. These findings suggest that oral administration of HET suppresses IgE antibody production and histamine release in type I allergic reaction in mice immunized with OA plus alum adjuvant; this shows the efficacy of HET in treating type I allergic diseases, such as asthma.     

注射用姜黄素脂质体过敏现象的初步研究

目的 比较3种不同粒径注射用姜黄素脂质体（CLI）引起的过敏反应,并判断可能的过敏反应类型。方法 将平均粒径约为70、100、130 nm的CLI （剂量为20 mg/kg,以姜黄素计）分别尾iv给予大鼠,分别于注射前,注射后10 min、7 d,眼眶采血,分离血清,ELISA法检测注射前后血清中过敏相关因子——补体C3a、C3b和C5a,组胺和抗体IgE、IgG、IgM的含量变化。将平均粒径约为100 nm的CLI和抗过敏药地塞米松（预处理2 h,2 mg/kg）联用给予大鼠,观察血清中补体C3a、C5a和组胺的含量变化。结果 给予3种粒径的CLI,血清中补体C3a、C3b、C5a和组胺含量均明显升高,与给药前比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;血清中抗体IgE、IgG、IgM的含量均无明显变化。预先给予地塞米松,在注射CLI前后C3a和C5a的含量无明显变化,组胺含量极低。结论 3种不同粒径CLI在体内引起的过敏反应一致,且可能是补体激活相关的假性过敏反应。     

Suppression of the Arthus reaction by Y-24180, a potent and specific antagonist of platelet-activating factor.

A novel and potent antagonist of platelet-activating factor (PAF), Y-24180 (4-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[2-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-6,9-dimethyl-6H- thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4] diazepine) was investigated for the effects on the skin reactions induced by chemical mediators and the Arthus reactions. In the rat dorsal skin, Y-24180 (0.1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited increase in vascular permeability by the intradermal PAF injection in a dose dependent manner and the inhibitory activity was 60 times more potent than that of WEB 2086. While even at doses as large as 10 mg/kg, p.o., it had no effect on vascular permeability in the rat skin induced by histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and leukotriene D4. On a reversed passive Arthus reaction in rat dorsal skin, Y-24180 (0.1-1 mg/kg, p.o.) markedly inhibited vascular permeability in a dose dependent manner and the inhibitory activity was 15 times more potent than that of WEB 2086. Y-24180 also inhibited the Arthus dermal reaction in rabbits (0.03-0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) and guinea pigs (0.1-1 mg/kg, p.o.). In addition, Y-24180 (0.1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the exudate volume and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells in the reversed passive Arthus pleural reaction in rats. Furthermore, in rat passive Arthus pancreatitis, Y-24180 (0.3-10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited the dye extravasation from the pancreas. These results provide strong evidence that endogenous PAF plays an important role as a mediator in the type III allergic inflammation.     

Anti-allergic effect of N-acetylneuraminic acid in guinea-pigs.

The in-vivo anti-allergic effect of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) in guinea-pigs passively sensitized with anti-ovalbumin rabbit serum has been studied. NANA (20 mg kg-1 i.v.) inhibited bronchial anaphylaxis and the release of histamine into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. NANA dose-dependently inhibited heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and haemorrhaging in the passive Arthus reaction. However, it did not inhibit the release of histamine from sensitized minced lung tissue.     

甲羧基变性半纤维素对动物免疫功能的影响

本文报告羧甲基变性半纤维素对动物特异性与非特异性免疫功能的影响,通过溶菌酶含量测定、血清补体总量测定、巨噬细胞吞噬功能及足垫Ⅳ型迟发变态反应等实验,说明该药有免疫增强作用,特别是对非特异免疫功能增强作用较明显。     

罗汉果甜苷对小鼠实验性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的:研究罗汉果甜苷(Mog)对实验性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法:以四氯化碳诱导小鼠急性肝损伤;以卡介苗(BCG)加脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠免疫性肝损伤。检测血清中谷丙胺酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、谷草胺酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性;检测肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量;并进行病理学检查。结果:Mog小鼠对急性、免疫性肝损伤,有降低血清中ALT、AST活性的作用;对免疫性肝损伤的肝组织匀浆有升高SOD活性、降低MDA含量的作用;并能显著减轻肝组织病理变化程度。结论:Mog对小鼠急性肝损伤、免疫性肝损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与Mog的抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Effect of (+/-)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen) on experimental allergic reactions

The effects of (+/-)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen), a new anti-inflammatory agent, on experimental allergic reaction and antibody formation were examined. The action was compared with those of ketoprofen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, tranilast, chlorpheniramine, prednisolone and/or cyclophosphamide. Suprofen inhibited homologous PCA in rats, immunological histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and guinea pig lung tissues, Forssman cutaneous vasculitis (FCV) and the Arthus reaction in guinea pigs. The potency for inhibition of the PCA reaction was similar to that of ketoprofen and more potent than ibuprofen and trailast. As for the release of anaphylactic mediators, suprofen was less potent than tranilast in terms of histamine release, but not the release of the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). Suprofen inhibited FCA more potently than other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The inhibition of the Arthus reaction by suprofen was similar to those of other NSAID and prednisolone. Suprofen hardly affected delayed hypersensitivity in guinea pigs and antibody (IgM or IgE) formation in mice or rats.