基于改进天棚阻尼的半主动悬架系统动力学与电磁兼容特性分析

磁流变阻尼器(MRD)对实现智能车辆悬架系统具有重要的应用价值. 在建立整车7-DoF悬架系统模型和修正的MRD Bouc-wen滞环模型基础上,应用磁流变(MR)“四分之一”车辆悬架系统的改进型天棚阻尼控制策略,设计了一种对整车4个MR悬架子系统进行独立控制的半主动异步控制器,并考虑整车前、后轮的间距,应用带延时的谐波和平滑脉冲,及实测的随机路面信号作为路面对车轮的激励输入,对MR悬架和被动整车动力学系统的垂直、俯仰和侧倾运动性能进行了系统的比较研究,同时验证了控制器的电磁兼容特性. 结果表明:提出的基于天棚阻尼策略的半主动控制器能理想地改善MR整车悬架系统的乘坐舒适性和操纵安全性等多目标悬架性能,其控制电流的传导与辐射噪声均满足国家标准要求,为进一步开展MR智能车辆悬架系统的半主动解耦控制研究奠定了理论基础.     

Analyses and Simulation of Fuzzy Logic Control for Suspension System of a Track Vehicle

The vibration caused by terrible road excitation affects the ride quality and safety of track vehicles.The vibration control of suspension systems is a very important factor for modern track vehicles.A fuzzy logic control for suspension system of a track vehicle is presented.A mechanical model and a system of differential equations of motion taking account of the mass of loading wheel are established.Then the fuzzy logic control is applied to control the vibration of suspension system of track vehicles for sine signal and random road surfaces.Numerical simulation shows that the maximum acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 44% of the original value for sine signal road surface,and the mean square root of acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 21% for random road surface.Therefore,the proposed fuzzy logic control is an efficient method for the suspension systems of track vehicles.     

基于模糊PID控制器的麦弗逊悬架联合仿真研究

通过实验测出磁流变阻尼器在不同电流作用下的力与速度关系的阻尼系数特征数据,并将所得阻尼数据导入麦弗逊悬架多体动力学模型;计算簧载质量速度及其变化率作为主动悬架控制的输出量;半主动悬架采用模糊PID复合控制器,用模糊控制策略对PID控制器在给定的参数范围内进行在线实时调整;在MATLAB中搭建悬架系统联合仿真模型。仿真计算结果表明:在各不同车速阶段,采用模糊PID复合控制器均对改善悬架的总体性能有明显作用;且车身垂直加速度、悬架动行程及车轮侧向滑移量在低频阶段改善突出,提升了整车在不同车速范围内的乘坐舒适性与操作稳定性。     

基于模糊PID控制器的1/2整车半主动悬架仿真研究

通过抽象简化建立1/2整车半主动悬架数学模型,并在MATLAB软件中搭建仿真模型;计算出被动悬架的簧载质量、速度及其变化率,并作为主动悬架控制的输出量。半主动悬架采用模糊PID复合控制器,用模糊控制策略对PID控制器在给定的参数范围内进行在线实时调整。研究结果表明:采用模糊PID复合控制器的半主动悬架在不同车速阶段,对改善整车的总体性能有明显作用,车身垂直加速度、车身俯仰角加速度、前后悬架动行程改善明显,提升了整车在不同车速范围内的乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性。     

IPSO—BP算法在半主动悬架控制中的应用

为了改善半主动悬架的性能,提出采用改进的粒子群优化(improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO)-向后传播(back propagation,BP)算法作为半主动悬架自适应控制,该算法将标准粒子群算法进行改进,用以改善粒子群全局收敛性和收敛速度,并将改进后的IPSO算法作为BP神经网络的学习算法,用于半主动悬架的自适应控制.自适应控制器采用了双神经网络单元结构,一个作为输入端的控制器,根据路面输入调节半主动悬架阻尼值,另一个作为半主动悬架的辨识器,并进行在线识别.通过该控制器进行半主动悬架自适应控制数值仿真,结果表明,基于该算法的控制器明显改善了汽车的舒适性和平顺性,使得车身的垂向加速度比粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)-BP半主动悬架的降低了21.73%,提高了汽车悬架的性能.     

磁流变阻尼器在工程车辆悬架系统中的应用

为了改善工程车辆的乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性,针对工程车辆被动式悬架系统存在阻尼固定、变化范围小的缺点,采用磁流变阻尼器,设计了其模糊控制器,建立工程车辆悬架系统的半主动控制模型,并用白噪声信号模拟路面情况进行仿真分析,结果表明:采用模糊控制的磁流变阻尼器的半主动悬架与被动悬架相比,可以有效地降低振动的加速度峰值,减振效果明显。     

Fuzzy Control of Semi-Active Suspension Based on 7-DOF Tracked Vehicle

On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of tracked vehicle semi-active suspension,which consists of electrorheological(ER) damper and shape memory alloy(SMA) spring,a seven degree of freedom(7-DOF) dynamic model is established.The change of the elasticity of SMA spring and the characteristics of the ER shock absorber are studied.In addition,the study about fuzzy control logic is also carried out.Simulation of a C grade road under random excitations and definite disturbances is performed.Simulation result shows the fuzzy control strategy,which is used in the control of semi-active suspension system with ER damper and SMA springs,is effective,stable and reliable.     

Fuzzy Control of Semi-Active Suspension Based on 7-DOF Tracked Vehicle

On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of tracked vehicle semi-active suspension, which consists of electrorheological (ER) damper and shape memory alloy (SMA) spring, a seven degree of freedom (7-DOF) dynamic model is established. The change of the elasticity of SMA spring and the characteristics of the ER shock absorber are studied. In addition, the study about fuzzy control logic is also carried out. Simulation of a C grade road under random excitations and definite disturbances is performed. Simulation result shows the fuzzy control strategy, which is used in the control of semi-active suspension system with ER damper and SMA springs, is effective, stable and reliable.     

Neuron PI control for semi-active suspension system of tracked vehicle

A neuron proportion integration (PI) control strategy for semi-active suspension system of tracked vehicle was proposed based on its unique structure and the multiple and complex environment of the driving traffic. An adaptive genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the neuron PI controller. The simulation result of the neuron PI control for semi-active suspension system of tracked vehicle indicates that the vertical amplitude, pitch angle and vertical acceleration of the vehicle are well controlled. The root mean square (RMS) of the vertical amplitude decreases by 37.2%, and 45.2% for the pitch angle, 38.6% for the vertical acceleration. The research of neuron PI control experiment for the semi-active suspension system of the tracked vehicle model mining in benthal indicates that the RMS of the weight acceleration vibrating along the vertical direction decreases by 29.5%, the power spectral density resonance peak of the acceleration of the car body decreases by 23.8%.     

车辆半主动悬架的控制策略及仿真

作者综述了汽车悬架控制系统的基本类型 ,以半主动悬架为研究对象 ,推导建立出汽车两自由度 1/ 4车体模型 ,提出了一种汽车半主动悬架系统的模糊控制方法 ,并利用MATLAB进行仿真 ,对结果进行分析 ,证明了该控制策略的有效性     

车辆座椅次优控制主动悬架设计及分析

为了进一步提高车辆乘坐舒适性,同时有效地解决线性二次型高斯最优控制器在实际应用中存在的待测状态变量多、路面参数获取困难、应用成本高等问题,基于1/4车辆座椅主动悬架系统模型,设计了一种基于次优控制理论的车辆座椅主动悬架,并对不同待测状态变量下的车辆座椅次优主动悬架的性能进行了探讨,进而得到了基于次优控制理论的车辆座椅主动悬架的最优控制策略.在此基础上,通过与传统车辆座椅被动悬架、最优控制主动悬架进行对比分析,对所设计的座椅次优控制主动悬架的应用效果进行了验证,为车辆座椅主动悬架系统设计提供了一种新的技术思路.     

基于联合仿真技术的半主动悬架混合控制策略研究

为减少汽车半主动悬架系统开发周期和成本,利用多体动力学仿真软件SIM—PACK建立了某轿车单斜臂式悬架虚拟样机模型,并在MATLAB／SIMULINK环境中设计了基于混合控制策略的半主动悬架控制器,建立了一个半主动悬架控制策略研究的集成环境,利用该集成环境研究了基于混合控制策略的半主动悬架车辆行驶性能。与被动悬架相比,当汽车以72km／h在B级路面上行驶,阻尼力分配系数a为0．6时,混合控制策略下的半主动悬架车身垂向加速度均方根值和悬架动行程均方根值分别下降了17．38％和43．24％,而轮胎动载荷均方根值仅增加了4．42％。研究结果表明,基于混合控制策略的半主动悬架可以有效衰减车身的振动,改善车辆行驶平顺性,而车辆道路友好性并没有发生恶化。     

基于空气悬架客车1/2模型的模糊控制仿真

为了改善空气悬架客车动态性能的控制效果,以空气悬架客车1/2 模型为控制对象,以车身垂直运动和俯仰运动加速度为控制指标,以B级路面为随机输入,应用模糊控制技术对1/2车辆模型进行了计算机控制仿真分析。结果表明:在引入垂直振动和俯仰振动2 个控制器后,车辆的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性均得到了明显改善。     

Fuzzy Logic Control for Suspension Systems of Tracked Vehicles

A scheme of fuzzy logic control for the suspension system of a tracked vehicle is presented.A mechanical model for the whole body of a tracked vehicle,which is totally a fifteen-degree-of-freedom system,is established.The model includes the vertical motion,the pitch motion as well as the roll motion of the tracked vehicle.In contrast to most previous studies,the coupling effect among the vertical,the pitch and the roll motions of the suspension system of a tracked vehicle is considered simultaneously.The simulation of fuzzy logic control under road surface with random excitation shows that the acceleration,pitch angle and roll angle of suspension system can be efficiently controlled.     

驾驶员确定汽车预期轨迹的模糊决策模型

提出了一种驾驶员确定汽车预期轨迹的模糊决策模型。这一模型可以用来仿真驾驶员在操纵汽车的过程中 ,根据前方道路交通的可行区域 ,决策汽车未来期望走行轨迹的控制行为特性 ,并可描述驾驶安全程度、驾驶员体能极限等诸多指标。数字仿真结果表明 ,所提出的模型还可以描述驾驶员的最优预瞄加速度决策行为特性 ,并直接用于驾驶员 汽车 道路闭环系统的仿真。     

不对称磁流液阻尼器在汽车减振中的半主动控制

根据作者新近提出的一种通用不对称滞环特性模型,本文对磁流液(MR)阻尼器在汽车减振应用进行了半主动控制研究．将所提出的MR阻尼器不对称滞环模型应用在二自由度“四分之一”汽车模型．并用“空挂”控制律来实现对MR阻尼器阻尼力的自动调节．仿真结果验证了阻尼力不对称性和滞环特性对汽车悬挂性能的影响．且表明所设计的半主动非线性控制器的复杂性大大减化．并达到理想的汽车悬挂减振性能．     

基于电液比例阀减振器半主动悬架系统的研究

为提高汽车的平顺性和操纵稳定性,设计了以电液比例阀半主动减振器为控制对象,采用自适应神经网络控制方法的半主动悬架系统。在对电液比例阀减振器阻尼力变化规律进行分析的基础上,建立了基于电液比例阀减振器的半主动悬架模型,采用神经网络自适应控制方法对模型进行了研究。路面输入采用积分白噪声模拟B级路面谱,以簧载质量垂向加速度、悬架动行程以及轮胎动载荷作为评价指标。利用Matlab/Simulink工具箱进行仿真,结果表明,设计的半主动悬架与被动悬架相比,其平顺性与稳定性均得到了良好的改善。     

自调整模糊控制技术在汽车悬架系统中的应用

以车辆操纵稳定性及行驶平顺性为控制目标,提出一种在线可调整的模糊控制算法,其模糊控制规则表可以用解析方法得到.该算法不仅体现了一般模糊控制算法对非线性系统具有的明显优势,而且可以利用LMS自适应模块调整模糊控制器的修正因子,改善了一般模糊控制算法对专家先期经验依赖的缺陷.通过对简化的车辆模型仿真计算分析,证明该算法对悬架系统的振动控制具有较好的效果;并在两自由度的悬架系统试验台架上进行了试验研究,结果证明,与被动悬架系统相比,LMS自适应模糊主动悬架系统簧上质量加速度均方根降低41%.     

基于联合仿真的半主动悬架车辆平顺性

为减少车辆悬架系统开发周期和成本,利用SIMPACK软件建立了车辆1／4悬架多体动力学模型,基于天棚控制策略设计了半主动悬架控制器,并通过MATLAB／SIMULINK编写了控制算法对其进行联合仿真．将采用半主动悬架系统得到的仿真结果与采用被动悬架系统得到的仿真结果进行了对比,车身垂直加速度均方根值减少了30．2％．结果表明,基于天棚控制的半主动悬架可以有效衰减车身的振动,改善车辆的行驶平顺性,从而为车辆动力学系统的仿真分析提供了一种有效方法．     

Electrorheological Damper and Its Application for Semi Active Suspension System

A semi-active control of vehicle suspension system with electrorheological (ER) damper is presented. ER fluid characteristics are introduced based on the Bingham plasticity model first. Then ER damper working force is given. Finally a quarter car model with ER damper is constructed. The skyhook control strategy is adopted to simulate the amplitude-frequency characteristics and the vibration of suspension system under random road excitation on the basis of ER damper characteristics. The response curves of the vertical acceleration, the suspension dynamic working space and the tyre dynamic loading are obtained. Simulation results show that the acceleration is reduced effectively and then the ride comfort is improved by the skyhook control law.