不同冷速凝固的Mg-9Gd-0.8Al合金固溶行为及组织性能

为了探究Al元素在不同冷却速度下对Mg-9Gd合金组织细化效果及其对后续固溶处理的影响,利用铁模和铜模重力铸造制备了铸态Mg-9Gd-0.8Al合金,之后进行10~50 h的固溶处理。采用OM、SEM、TEM、EDS及XRD等方法研究了冷却速度对Mg-9Gd-0.8Al合金凝固和固溶行为及组织力学性能的影响。结果表明,铁模和铜模制备的铸态Mg-9Gd-0.8Al合金组织均由α-Mg基体、花瓣状(Mg, Al)₃Gd相、细条状Mg₅Gd相和方块状Al₂Gd相组成。铜模相比于铁模冷却速度加快,制备的合金基体晶粒和第二相显著细化,第二相体积分数总量增长幅度达56.1%。2种模具制备的合金固溶10 h后,Mg₅Gd相溶解、(Mg, Al)₃Gd相部分溶解、高熔点Al₂Gd相无变化,晶粒内析出层片状(Mg, Al)₂Gd新相,第二相总量趋于相等。固溶50 h后,(Mg, Al)₂Gd层片相回溶,残余(Mg, Al)₃Gd相发生熔断呈颗粒状,铜模制备的合金第二相颗粒比铁模的更细小。细晶强化和第二相强化使铜模制备的铸态合金性能较铁模制备的合金性能大幅提高,固溶10 h后合金屈服强度提升,伸长率基本不变。固溶处理50 h后,固溶强化、细晶强化和细小颗粒的第二相强化使铜模制备的固溶50 h态合金获得最优性能,屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为141 MPa、234 MPa和22.4%。     

高温固溶处理对Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金组织结构及力学性能的影响

通过光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和力学试验,研究了510℃下固溶处理20h所得Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金的组织结构及力学性能。结果表明,铸态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金主要由树枝状α-Mg基体以及分布于枝晶间的(Mg,Zn)_3Gd共晶相组成;固溶处理后,合金相组成未发生变化,而(Mg,Zn)_3Gd相形貌由连续网状转变为不连续岛状,体积分数由19%下降为9%;固溶态合金中未观察到长周期堆垛有序结构的形成。拉伸条件下,固溶态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金屈服强度比铸态略有下降,但抗拉强度和延伸率均有较大提高,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率依次为176 MPa、277 MPa和12.8%,表现出优良的综合力学性能;压缩条件下,铸态和固溶态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金的力学性能差异较小,且均优于拉伸条件下的力学性能。     

Al对Mg-5Gd-3Y铸态合金组织和性能的影响

通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、金相组织分析和拉伸性能测试等方法,研究了Al对Mg-5Gd-3Y铸态合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,Mg-5Gd-3Y铸态合金的组织由α-Mg基体和共晶相Mg5Gd和Mg24Y5组成。加入Al元素后,有新相Al2Gd、Al2Y析出,对合金的晶粒起到细化作用,有效提高了Mg-5Gd-3Y铸态合金的力学性能。     

先进高强韧Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金凝固和均匀化组织及相构成

采用热力学计算与实验相结合的方法,研究了两种高强韧Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金铸态及均匀化态的显微组织和相构成.铸态A合金主要由Mg（Zn,Al,Cu）₂相和少量Al₂Cu相组成,而铸态B合金仅含Mg（Zn,Al,Cu）₂相.热力学计算显示,A和B两种合金的实际凝固过程介于Lever Rule和Scheil Model两种模拟结果之间,由于合金成分不同而导致的铸态A和B合金中各相含量差异与Scheil Model模拟所得到的各相摩尔分数变化规律基本一致.经常规工业均匀化处理（460℃保温24 h）,铸态A和B合金中存在的Mg（Zn,Al,Cu）₂或Al₂Cu相均能充分回溶,并得到单相α（Al）基体,这与热力学计算所得到的AlZn-Mg-Cu四元系统在7.5%Zn条件下460℃等温相图相符合.      

Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金的热处理工艺优化

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和维氏硬度计等仪器观察和分析了不同热处理工艺对Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明,铸态Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金的组织主要由α-Mg基体和第二相(Mg12Nd相和Mg5Gd相)组成,经过热处理后合金组织中的相没有发生改变.铸态合金中的第二相主要...     

Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金在520℃下的固溶处理行为

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、显微硬度测试、热分析、能谱分析以及X射线衍射(XRD)等手段,研究Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金铸态和520℃固溶处理不同时间后的显微组织以及显微硬度分布.结果表明:Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金经520℃/16 h固溶处理后,铸态时的...     

Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al镁合金的均匀化研究

为了提高Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al合金铸锭的力学性能,对合金进行了均匀化退火处理。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度测试、X射线衍射、拉伸力学性能测试等手段,研究了均匀化条件对Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铸态合金经773K 8h的均匀化处理后,铸态时的网状相完全溶解到基体中,第二相弥散分布在基体中,同时退火态合金的抗拉强度达到了154 MPa,比铸态合金提高了23%。合金最佳的均匀化退火工艺是773K 8h,此时该合金具有较好的综合力学性能。     

含银Al-4.5Zn-1.0Mg-0.5Cu合金的强化固溶行为

采用拉伸力学性能测试、金相显微观察、扫描电镜及透射电镜等分析手段,研究了Al-4.5Zn-1.0Mg-0.5Cu-0.4Ag合金的强化固溶行为。结果表明:经强化固溶处理后,合金固溶态的抗拉强度和屈服强度以及伸长率分别较常规固溶的低15 MPa、16 MPa和1.7%;峰值时效态的抗拉强度和屈服强度较常规固溶的分别高62 MPa和68 MPa,伸长率低0.8%。;强化固溶可使Al-4.5Zn-1.0Mg-0.5Cu-0.4Ag合金固溶后的第二相粒子减少,但使其时效后的强化相数量增多,密度增大。     

可降解医用Zn-3Al-1Mg合金的体外腐蚀行为和力学性能

采用热挤压方法制备了管状Zn-3Al-1Mg合金,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及拉伸、压缩测试等方法研究了铸态和挤压态管状Zn-3Al-1Mg合金的微观组织与力学性能.同时,利用浸泡试验、电化学测试、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)研究了挤压态管状Zn-3Al-1Mg合金在模拟体液(SBF)溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明：铸态及挤压态合金均由η-Zn, α-Al及Mg₂Zn₁₁三相组成,挤压态合金的微观组织明显细化,且力学性能明显优于铸态合金的力学性能;挤压态合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀速率为0.15～0.28 mm/a.腐蚀形貌分析结果揭示了不同物相间的微电偶腐蚀机制,腐蚀产物包括Zn/Al/Mg的氧化物、氢氧化物,以及Ca, P和Zn/Al/Mg相结合产生的磷酸盐、碳酸盐.结合电化学测试结果,对挤压态合金的腐蚀过程和腐蚀机理进行了分析.     

固溶温度对Mg-6Sn-3Al-Zn合金的组织和力学性能的影响

Mg-6Sn-3Al-Zn合金分别在300℃、350℃、400℃、450℃下固溶8h,利用金相显微镜(OM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)等检测手段进行微观组织分析,利用万能测试机测定力学性能。结果表明,铸态Mg-6Sn-3Al-Zn合金主要由α-Mg基体、Mg_2Sn相组成,当固溶温度从300℃增加到400℃时,铸态Mg-6Sn-3Al-Zn合金组织中的Mg_2Sn相逐渐变得粗大,抗拉强度,屈服强度增强,由于析出相Mg_2Sn是硬淬相,因此在300℃到400℃之间,延伸率上升并不明显,450℃固溶8h,固溶效果好,Mg_2Sn相基本固溶到α-Mg基体当中,Mg2Sn相变得细小并呈弥散分布,导致延伸率快速升高,而力学性能由抗拉强度和屈服强度决定,弥散分布恰好能弥补这一缺陷。     

Effect of erbium on microstructures and properties of Mg-Al intermetallic

The effect of the rare earth element Er on the microstructures and properties of Mg-Al intermetallic were studied in this experiment. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction（XRD） results showed that the microstructures of Mg-Al-Er alloys varied with Er content. The Mg-44Al-0.5Er and Mg-43.8Al-1.0Er alloys were both composed of Mg17Al12 matrix and Al3 Er phase, whereas Mg-43Al-3.0Er and Mg-42Al-5.0Er were composed of Mg17Al12 matrix, Al3 Er phase, and Mg-Mg17Al12 eutectic. The Mg-42Al-5.0Er alloy showed the highest microhardness, and the values remained nearly stable as Er content increased from 1.0 wt.% to 5.0 wt.%. The dispersed second phase Al3 Er caused the grain refinement of the Mg-Al-Er alloy, which was the main reason for the improvement in microhardness. The corrosion resistance of the Er-containing alloys initially increased and then decreased with increasing Er content. All the Er-containing alloys had the ability to suppress hydrogen evolution, which was the main reason for the higher corrosion resistance of the modified alloys than that of the Mg-44.3Al alloy. Considering the higher hardness and dispersity of the Al3 Er phase, Mg-43.8Al-1.0Er exhibited higher wear resistance than the as-cast Mg-44.3Al alloy.     

Effects of heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-15Gd-5Y-0.5Zr alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-15wt.%Gd-5 wt.%Y-0.5wt.% Zr alloy were investigated in a series of conditions. The eutectic was dissolved into the matrix and there was no evident grain growth after solntionized at 525 ℃ for 12 h. The evolution of the phase constituents from as-cast to cast-T4 was as follows： α-Mg solid solution＋Mg5（Gd,Y） entectic compound→α-Mg solid solution＋ spheroidized Mg5（Gd, Y） phase→α-Mg supersaturated solid solution＋cuboid-shaped compound （Mg2Y3Gd2）. And the precipitation sequences of Mg-15Gd-5Y-0.5Zr alloy were observed, according to the hardness response to isothermal ageing at 225-300 ℃ for 0-128 h.     

Microstructures and Properties of Melt-Spun and As-Cast Mg-20Gd Binary Alloy

Mg-20Gd（ %, mass fraction）samples were prepared using melt-spinning and copper mold casting techniques. Microstructures and properties of the Mg-20Gd were investigated. Results show that the melt-spun ribbon is mainly composed of supersaturated a-Mg solid solution phase and the as-cast ingot mainly contains a-Mg solid solution and MgsGd phase. The differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） curve of the ribbon exhibits a small exothermic peak in the temperature range from 630 to 680 K, which indicates that the ribbon contains a metastable phase （amorphous）. Tensile strength at room temperature of the melt-spun ribbon and as-cast specimen are 308 and 254 MPa, respectively. The elongations of the two samples are less than 2 %. The fracture surfaces demonstrate that the fracture mode of the as-cast Mg-20Gd is a typical cleavage fracture and that of the melt-spun sample is a combination of brittle fracture and ductile fracture.     

喷射沉积Al-12Si-0.6Mg合金的微观组织与性能

共晶合金具有良好的激光焊接性能,为提高电子封装盖板用Al-12Si合金的强度并保持良好的热物理性能,采用喷射沉积与热压烧结技术制备Al-12Si合金,研究添加0.6% Mg对合金微观组织、力学性能和热物理性能的影响。结果表明,喷射沉积/热压烧结Al-12Si合金中Si相呈近球形颗粒,平均直径为（4.5±0.2）μm,均匀分布于Al基体中;添加Mg未对Si相尺寸和形貌产生显著影响,但是在Al基体中形成Mg₂Si相。相对于Al-12Si合金,Al-12Si-0.6Mg合金的热导率降幅仅为4.2%,但是抗拉强度从154.1 MPa提高到190.1 MPa,增幅达到23.4%,该强度改善主要归因于固溶强化和析出强化作用。      

Mg-Cu合金共晶组织形貌及CuMg_2的小平面特性

利用OM和SEM等观察不同铜含量Mg-Cu合金的铸态共晶组织形貌,探讨不同共晶组织的形成机理及CuMg2相的小平面特性。结果表明,Mg-Cu亚共晶合金中共晶组织的数量随铜含量的增加逐渐增加,初生相数量减少,且在Mg-15%Cu合金中出现了晕圈组织。在Mg-Cu合金系中有CuMg2和Cu2Mg两种金属间化合物相,CuMg2以有棱有角的小平面生长,而Cu2Mg以非小平面生长。     

热处理和挤压对WE53镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

为提高WE系列生物镁合金的力学性能,采用重力铸造法制备了Mg-5Y-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Zr （质量分数,WE53）镁合金,并对铸态合金进行了固溶处理（T4）,固溶＋时效处理（T6）和挤压加工.利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了合金的显微组织,并利用拉伸试验机和显微硬度计测试了合金室温力学性能.结果表明,铸态合金屈服强度为130 MPa,伸长率为10.2%,T6处理可显著提高铸态合金的强度和硬度,降低合金的伸长率;挤压变形明显提高合金的强度和硬度,伸长率与铸态相当.通过适当的热处理和挤压变形可显著改善WE53镁合金的力学性能.     

Influence of Al-Si additions on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg-8Li dual-phase alloys

Sheet samples of Mg-8Li,Mg-8Li-3Al,Mg-8Li-3AlSi and Mg-8Li-5AlSi alloys were obtained by hot rolling.Optical microscope,microhardness tester,nanoindentor,X-ray diffractometer and electrochemical analyzer were adopted to investigate the microstructures,micro-mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Roller was preheated to 150°C before rolling process,and rolling reduction designed was about20% per pass with a total rolling reduction of 84%.The rolled plates were annealed at 200°C for 120 min.The tensile tests were performed at room temperature.Experimental results showed that both the strength and corrosion resistance of theα+βdual-phase of Mg-Li alloy were significantly improved with adding Al-Si elements.The strength enhancement was attributed to the solid solution of Al into theα-Mg matrix and into theβ-Li matrix as well as to the precipitation strengthening of Mg2 Si particles.Besides,the dendrite grains ofα-Mg transformed to equiaxed ones with addition of Al into alloy Mg-Li.