含荧光增白剂的洗衣剂对织物白度的影响

为了了解含荧光增白剂的洗衣剂对织物白度的影响,采用两种洗涤条件对4种不同的纯棉织物进行多次家用洗涤,并使用分光光度计对洗后织物进行白度的测试.研究表明:用含荧光增白剂的洗衣剂洗涤能使织物白度明显增加,对未经过荧光增白处理的织物白度有较大的影响;洗涤次数也对白度有影响,多次洗涤之后织物的白度变化速率渐缓.为更好的进行织物洗涤护理提供依据.     

织物洗涤剂中荧光增白剂性能的光谱研究

以2种常用荧光增白剂CBS-X和31#及二者的复配物配入到织物洗涤剂中,采用分光光度计考察洗涤后的织物增白性能。结果表明,CBS-X和31#含量超过0.10%时,机织棉布对两种荧光增白剂的吸附渐趋饱和;L*值大于96.0的高亮度机织棉布的增白主要归因于蓝光补偿;国标条件洗涤40min后溶液中的增白剂与机织棉布上的增白剂形成吸附-脱附平衡;同条件下洗涤超过5次后荧光增白剂很难再吸附在机织棉布上;织物纤维上污垢剥离阻碍荧光增白剂的吸附。     

丽赛织物洗涤性能研究

测试了纯棉织物以及棉／丽赛、棉／涤纶和棉／粘交织物洗涤一定次数后拉伸性能和悬垂性能的变化，试验结果表明，经过10次洗涤后棉／丽赛交织物的耐洗涤性能较纯棉织物好，比棉／粘交织物有明显提高。     

有色织物在红外辐射下的温升性能研究

采用不同颜色的活性染料对纯棉织物进行染色,比较了在红外辐射下,同一色系颜色深浅与织物表面温升性能的关系,并研究了不同颜色织物在红外辐射下的温升性能。结果表明:在红外辐射下,深颜色的织物表面温度高于浅颜色织物;对于同一色系织物,颜色的深浅对织物表面温度影响不大。     

洗涤剂用荧光增白剂 第二讲 荧光增白剂与洗涤剂

本文着重讨论荧光增白剂的主要性能与洗涤剂的关系。荧光增白剂用于洗衣粉、液体洗涤剂、肥皂以及其他专用洗涤剂等等。由于洗涤剂制品的组成、用途不同,所以,应选用不同的增白剂。一般有下列要求。1．改善洗涤剂制品的外观,使制品有洁白悦目、色调柔和之感。2．对被洗织物有良好增白效果,累积洗涤后织物上不出现不良色调。3．对洗涤剂制品中的各组份具有化学稳定性。     

荧光增白剂的原理及其在洗涤用品中的应用（二）──超级荧光增白剂天来宝CBS－X的特性及在洗涤用品中的应用

荧光增白剂的原理及其在洗涤用品中的应用（二）──超级荧光增白剂天来宝ＣＢＳ－Ｘ的特性及在洗涤用品中的应用汽巴－嘉基（中国）有限公司化学品部张贵民，步平荧光增白剂也称光学增白剂，它对织物色彩的增白增艳效果是一种物理作用。它通过吸收阳光中近紫外波段的不可...     

洗涤剂用荧光增白剂—雪山XL

1979年上海合成洗涤剂三厂与上海染料研究所合作,研制成功新型的雪山荧光增白剂XL(原名#33荧光增白剂)。已正式投产,为我国高档洗衣粉提供了良好的荧米增白剂新品种。雪山XL同雪山#31、VBL荧光增白剂一样,均属双(三嗪氨基)芪二磺酸类。用于洗衣粉中能使粉色洁白悦目,对棉织物的累积洗涤白度、耐氯性是双(三嗪氨基)芪二磺酸类增白剂中最佳的品种。     

三嗪型二苯乙烯荧光增白剂的研究进展

荧光增白剂是洗涤剂的重要助剂。洗涤剂中加入适量荧光增白剂,不仅能改善洗涤剂的外观,而且经其洗涤后织物的白度和鲜艳度也可以得到很大提升。目前市场上洗涤剂所用荧光增白剂主要是三嗪型二苯乙烯类荧光增白剂,它具有优良的特性,近年来对其应用研究不断深入,衍生物的种类越来越多,其制备工艺及应用方面的进展备受关注。     

亚洲洗涤习惯与衣物白度的保持

荧光增白剂会在使用过程中被清洗或降解掉,其常规性更新换代促使白色织物越来越被人们所接受.由于白色织物的种类和洗涤习惯都存在着千差万别,很难定义一种最为行之有效的荧光增白剂配方,既能提供高效的增白效果,又不具有不可逆地破坏织物外观的威胁.通过预测白度在反复的洗涤和日晒过程中可能发生的变化,可以得到一种减小风险的新方法.这个模型的基础是来源于不同地区的白色织物的基本数据,光照数据和评价一切与白度相关的因素的各种工具.     

荧光增白剂对洗衣液国标去污力及循环洗涤性能测试的影响

在标准洗衣液中添加不同种类和用量的荧光增白剂,根据GB/T 13174-2008进行国标去污力和循环洗涤性能测试。结果表明,若测试光源中包含紫外光,添加荧光增白剂的标准洗衣液的去污力和循环洗涤性能测试结果明显好于标准洗衣液,且荧光增白剂添加量增大,去污值和白度保持值增大;若测试光源中不包含紫外光,两者的去污力和循环洗涤性能测试结果并无明显差异。可见,荧光增白剂没有去污作用和抗污垢再沉积作用,但会显著提高国标去污力和循环洗涤性能的测试值。若要更加合理评价产品去污力,有必要按照GB/T 13174-2008进行洗涤,采用色度仪在不包含紫外光(滤除400 nm以下光源)的光源下测试,或者在含紫外光的正常光源下测试,但使用含有荧光增白剂的标准洗衣液作为参比。同时,GB/T 13174-2008未对白度计型号作出统一规定,使用不同规格的白度计测量添加荧光增白剂的洗涤剂产品时,将有不同的去污力和循环洗涤性能测试结果,建议尽快完善该标准。     

Investigations on the level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide

The level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated by employing an improved beam (a perforated pipe on which the knitted or woven fabric/warp is wound around). The effects of system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing (R_time), different fabric layers wrapped around the beam, and the species and chemical structures of dyestuffs on leveling properties and color strength of polyester and cotton fabrics were observed. The results show that the leveling properties and color strength of fabrics were improved on the new beam, as well as with a favorably increased system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, and a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing; while the leveling property and color strength decreased with fabric layers on the beam under an identical condition. Highly leveling results were obtained on polyester and cotton fabrics with disperse and reactive disperse dyes involving different chemical structures.     

Effect of content of fluorescent brightening agents on colour change of dyed cotton fabric

The effect of fluorescent brightening agents at a range of concentrations on the colour change of cotton fabrics was investigated by means of the CIELab colorimetric system. The reduction of b * (i.e. Δ b *) was determined as a function of the content of the fluorescent brightening agents. By plotting the values of L * versus Δ b * for the dyed fabrics, the critical lightness ( L _c*) was calculated which varied according to the hue of the fabrics and the content of the fluorescent brightening agents.     

Synthesis and characterization of waterborne polyurethane containing UV absorption group for finishing of cotton fabrics

To improve the ultraviolet resistance and color fastness of the cotton fabrics, a new multifunctional finishing agent of waterborne polyurethane containing UV absorption group (WPUUV) was synthesized and characterized with ¹HNMR and UV spectroscopy. Stability of WPUUV and their finishing performance on cotton fabrics were investigated. Results showed that the various color fastnesses such as the dry and wet rubbing fastnesses, wrinkle recovery angle and softness of the dyeing cotton fabrics were obviously improved by WPUUV, which provided good UV protection function for dyeing cotton fabrics as well.     

负载织物对纳米TiO2光催化剂净化氨气性能的影响

制备了纳米光催化剂悬浮液,借助后整理工艺对3种织物进行负载加工,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等对其进行了表征. 通过自行设计的小型环境舱和光催化反应器重点考察了棉机织物、涤纶机织物和涤/棉混纺机织物对纳米光催化剂净化氨气性能的影响,并比较了在不同负载织物表面上纳米光催化剂的活性. 结果表明,负载纳米光催化剂的棉织物的氨气净化性能高于负载纳米光催化剂的涤纶织物和涤/棉混纺织物的氨气净化性能. 在负载Ag-TiO2光催化剂的条件下,负载涤纶织物和涤/棉混纺织物对氨气的净化性能有所加强.     

纳米氧化锌和纳米银对棉织物的多功能整理

以植物金银花提取物作为还原剂制备了纳米ZnO和纳米Ag,通过浸轧法将纳米ZnO单独整理以及将两者依次整理到棉织物上制备多功能棉织物(ZnO-棉织物、ZnO/Ag-棉织物).利用SEM、XRD、FTIR分析了整理前后棉织物的形貌和结构,并探讨了整理后棉织物的多功能性.结果表明,棉织物上的纳米粒子分布较均匀且发生了轻微团聚.与ZnO-棉织物相比,ZnO/Ag-棉织物对亚甲基蓝(MB)和红酒的降解率分别提高了7.09％和10.61％,说明纳米Ag提升了纳米ZnO的光催化活性.ZnO-棉织物经过10次洗涤后其纳米粒子含量虽有小幅下降,但对MB的降解率仍达到83.24％以上,说明负载纳米粒子后棉织物具有良好的自清洁能力和耐洗性能.此外,ZnO-棉织物和ZnO/Ag-棉织物的紫外防护系数(UPF)值分别达到33.23和41.06,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达到95％以上,表现出优良的抗紫外线性和抗菌性能.     

棉织物的纳米银多功能整理

以植物还原剂——金银花提取物和化学还原剂——丙三醇,分别还原硝酸银,制备了两种纳米银溶液。采用浸渍法将上述制备的纳米银溶液分别对棉织物进行功能整理。利用SEM、EDS、XRD、FTIR分析整理前后棉织物的外观形貌及结构,并探讨了整理后的棉织物的抗紫外性能、不同洗涤次数后其含银量、色差和抗菌性能的变化。结果表明,纳米银粒子主要通过范德华力吸附在棉织物纤维素的无定形区;与化学还原法相比,植物还原法制备的纳米银粒径减小了约15nm,植物还原法制备的纳米银溶液整理后的棉织物经过50次洗涤后,棉织物表面的纳米银吸附量及色差变化不大,且对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率仍旧达到99%以上,具有优异的抗菌性及良好的耐洗涤性能。另外,植物还原法制备的纳米银溶液整理后的棉织物紫外线防护系数(UPF)值达到了36.82,具有较好的抗紫外性能。     

超稳定柔滑整理剂TF-468K的应用

介绍了超稳定柔滑整理剂TF-468K的应用性能。TF-468K是季铵盐改性线形嵌段型有机硅,能赋予织物柔滑、蓬松的手感特点,具有良好的亲水性能、耐100℃高温、耐高剪切、耐酸碱盐的化学稳定性,以及与增白剂、固色剂、涂料、活性染料等有较好的复配稳定性,对织物的黄色变及摩擦牢度影响较小。     

Developments in Jet Dyeing

This paper is not intended to review the very considerable number of jet-dyeing machines developed in the last six years and currently being offered by numerous manufacturers from all parts of the world. Rather, it is an attempt to assess the major designs available and consider their relative merits and demerits. At least one machine, representative of each different type, has been evaluated at Spondon or in Europe under commercial conditions. These trials have been carried out on a wide range of fabrics including both woven and knitted goods. The effect of fabric construction, fabric weight and yarn content has also been examined. The yarns used in these fabrics have included flat and textured polyester, flat and textured Tricel*, Tricelon*, Dicel*, Dicelon*. Courtelle*. nylon, cotton and various cellulosic blends.     

Effect of Silicone Nano,Nano/Micro and Nano/Macro‐Emulsion Softeners on Color Yield and Physical Characteristics of Dyed Cotton Fabric

The study of silicone nano‐emulsions and softeners to alter physical properties of undyed cotton fabric has recently gained a substantial interest. However, systematic investigation of silicon nano‐emulsion softeners on dyed cotton fabric has not so far been conducted. This paper deals with the application of silicone nano‐, micro‐, and macro‐emulsion softeners, and combinations of nano/micro and nano/macro, on dyed cotton fabric. We report the effect of silicon nano/micro‐ and nano/macro‐emulsion softeners on color yield and physical characteristics of dyed cotton fabric. All bleached fabrics were dyed with CI Reactive Black 5 and then treated with known concentrations of silicone softeners by the pad‐dry method. The silicone nano‐emulsion was combined with micro‐ and macro‐emulsion softeners using blending ratios of nano/micro (1:1) and nano/macro (1:1). Treated fabrics were compared in terms of physical properties such as fabric handling, wrinkle recovery angle, bending length, abrasion resistance and tensile strength. The color changes were evaluated by color yield (K/S) values and total color difference (ΔE_cmc). The results revealed that the silicon nano‐emulsion had better physical properties than micro‐, macro‐ and combination nano/micro‐ and nano/macro‐emulsion softeners. Among all treated samples, nano‐emulsion softeners showed better ΔE_cmc values. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests that the fiber morphology of treated fabrics was very smooth and uniform.     

Application of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes

In this study, the effects of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt on the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes were evaluated by measuring and comparing the K/S values and dyeing fastnesses of the dyed cotton fabric samples. Results showed that the K/S value and dyeing fastness of cotton fabrics dyed with polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, substituting inorganic salts as exhausting agent were close to that of with sodium chloride when dip‐dyeing process was used. While, in pad‐dry dyeing, the K/S value of cotton fabric samples dyed with polyacid salts as exhausting agent was higher than that of with sodium sulfate, and the dyeing fastnesses of these samples were nearly the same. The dyeing mechanism of cotton fabric with reactive dye, using polycarboxylic acid sodium salt as exhausting agent was analyzed. The dyeing exhausting mechanism of reactive dye seems different when the inorganic salt and polycarboxylic acid sodium salt were used as exhausting agent in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dye. The polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, as weak electrolyte, increased the dye‐uptake of reactive dye on cotton fabric not only by screening negative charges on cotton surface, but also by the effect of salting‐out or hydrophobic combination. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007